... 38 v A REVIEW OFTHECHEMICALANDPHYSICAL MECHANISMS OFTHE STORAGE STABILITY OF FAST PYROLYSIS BIO-OILS ABSTRACT Understanding the fundamental chemicalandphysical aging mechanisms ... during pyrolysis • The extent of vapor dilution in the reactor • The time and temperature history ofthe vapors in the reactor • The time and temperature history ofthe vapors in the heated transfer ... volume” ofthe solute, solubility is predicted This is satisfied if the distance from the center ofthe solvent sphere to the center ofthe solute sphere (Rij) is smaller than the radius ofthe solute...
... utilization Thephysicaland mechanical propertiesof bamboo vary with the age ofthe bamboo andthe height ofthe culm [Chauhan 2000] In general, SG andthepropertiesof bamboo drop from the top ... fiberboard and evaluate water soaking, modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and internal bond (IB) propertiesofthe panels and compare the age effect on thephysicaland mechanical properties ... focuses on the utilization of bamboo fibers to MDF This chapter investigated the effects of age of bamboo fibers andthe resin content level on thephysicaland mechanical propertiesofthe manufactured...
... contributions ofthe OH with either the =N or the nitro groups making the pKa1 extremely acidic On the other hand, the field effect ofthe negatively charged groups (SO3- and O-) andthe H-bond ofthe ... chemicalandphysicalproperties to Program Offices (e.g., Office of Water, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances) and Regional Offices ... databases The strength ofthe electrostatic interaction between S and C depends on the magnitude and relative orientation ofthe local fields of S and C andthe dielectric propertiesand distances...
... materials The objective ofthe thesis is: (i) Fabrication and research the effects of Pb(Zr0,47Ti0,53)O3 on the structure, microstructure andthe physiscal propertiesof xPb(Zr0,47Ti0,53)O3 - ... To study the effect of Zr/Ti ratio in PZT on the structure, andthepropertiesofthe PZT - PZN - PMnN ceramics, determine PZT content which ceramics have good electrical propertiesandthe relaxor ... The thesis is a fundamental research have oriented applications The systematic research ofthe dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties contribute further understanding ofthe physical...
... 1998a), the principal component of MTA is Portland Cement There are kinds of MTA available: one is Gray MTA andthe other is White MTA The main difference between the two is the lack ofthe aluminoferrite ... by Holland et al (1999a), and Holland et al (2001b), that the mode of action of MTA was similar to Calcium hydroxide The basis for the biologic propertiesof MTA was due to the production of hydroxyapatite ... super-EBA by implanting them in the mandible and tibia of guinea pigs After anesthetizing the guinea pigs, tissue flaps were raised and bony cavities drilled in the mandible and tibia The materials were...
... complexes of GGH, where the a carbon ofthe His residue is the sole source of chirality [10] However, while positions ofthe component dd bands andof CT transitions are relatively constant, their ... albumins On the other hand, the direct thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of Ni(II) binding at site I in HSA and BSA was obtained These data can be very useful in further studies ofthe toxicologically ... values) of Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of peptides at I = 0.1 M (KNO3) and 25 C Standard deviations on the last digits are given in parentheses EPR The X-band EPR spectra of Cu(II) complexes of VIHN...
... comparison ofthe electronic absorption and RR spectra ofthe wild type and Thr171Ser either in the presence ofthe aromatic donor BHA or at alkaline pH Addition of saturating amounts of BHA did ... between the magnitude ofthe changes in Fe-His band frequencies andthe redox potential values This is exemplied by the case of CCP and its mutants D235E, D235N and D235A [27] The H-bond between the ... between the proximal His and Asp residues that is weakened at alkaline pH Therefore, on the basis of their sensitivity to pH, the bands at 220 and 247 cm)1 are assigned to two m(Fe-Im) modes The band...
... for the wild type (WT) and mutant Tms The uncertainties listed are the standard errors ofthe mean and included the uncertainty in the determination of protein concentrations The values are the ... parameters for the thermal-induced unfolding of wild type (WT) and mutant Tms The values are the mean ± standard deviation of at least three experiments Tm1 is the midpoint ofthe thermal transition ... indicate that the main effects of mutations A63V, K70T and E180G are mainly related to the overall stability ofthe protein as a whole, rather than on the position ofthe mutation in the polypeptide...
... is the angle between the projection ofthe tilt ofthe z axis on the xÂ, y plane (dened direction of tilt of z andthe x axis), and j % a + c denes the location ofthe rhombic (x, y) axes The ... The two structures of WT metHb and rWT metHbH2O, exhibit signicant differences in the interaction ofthe FG loop with the heme and in the position ofthe B-helix, with Tyr32(B10) closer to the ... of WT andthe other of rWT metHb, exhibit differences that include important portions ofthe protein that we have characterized above Thus parts ofthe FG corner move away from the heme and the...
... to other cathelicidins such as SMAP-29, BMAP-27 and BMAP-28 The amidated form would further increase the charge ofthe dimer to +28 (see Table 1) Here we further investigated the expression of ... on the surface of both the E coli and S aureus cells The dimeric peptide, in particular, can be seen to have caused the complete collapse ofthe membrane in E coli, and severe disruption ofthe ... at the proform level ofthe cathelicidin [21], and this structure is likely to persist in the mature peptide Indeed, it may explain the different activity spectra and potencies observed for the...
... transported to the nearest lymph nodes and then—in the blood—to other organs (Bjorksten et al., 2001) The next stage is the mode of presentation ofthe antigen to Th0 cells and biochemical and functional ... Chemicaland Biological Propertiesof Food Allergens Chemicaland Functional Propertiesof Food Components Series SERIES EDITOR Zdzisław E Sikorski Chemicaland Biological Propertiesof Food ... to activate their functions Therefore, it seems that the character and volume of stimulation are determined by the type and dose of an antigen, the mode of presentation in terms of costimulatory...
... agreement with the results of XRD and TEM, the FTIR and FT-Raman spectra ofthe HAp show the absorption bands characteristic of hydroxyapatite XPS results provide the additional evidence for the successful ... information about the size and typical shape ofthe as-prepared samples The results suggest that the doping Ag+ has little influence on the morphology ofthe HAp The samples prepared at the atomic ratio ... (AgNPs) [31] The exact antibacterial action of AgNPs is not completely understood [32] On the other hand in the literature, the studies on the preparation and characterization ofthe silver-doped...
... analysis reveals that the product is composed of stannum and sulfur, andthe ratio ofthe S atom and Sn atom is 1:0.985, which just accords with the stoichiometric ratio of SnS The representative ... clusters of nanowires The clusters may result from the situation that the nanowires not cover by the framework of AAO template but stand free incompletely When the alumina on the top of AAO template ... From these figures it can be estimated that the length ofthe nanowires is about several tens of micrometers It corresponds with the thickness ofthe AAO template which we used TEM images of SnS...
... (ANOVA), and calculations were done by the EP16 programme Results and discussion Chemicaland FTIR analyses The analytical characteristics ofthe extracts isolated from the fruit body and mycelium of ... solution In the incubation chamber the gas mixture consisted of 5% CO2 and 95% air Furthermore, the humidity was adjusted to 85%, so as to diminish evaporation ofthe culture medium andthe consequent ... directly and act as co-stimulators in the presence ofthe T-mitogen, PHA The SIcomit/SImit ratio was $2 In accord with the interpretation ofthe comitogenic test the ratio indicated adjuvant properties...
... decrease of thermal stability a The increase of ester to amide ratio did not impact dramatically the thermal degradation ofthe PEAs b The increase of ester to amide ratio decreased the thermal ... temperature) Study the effects of crystallinity on thephysicalpropertiesofthe PEAs Prepare a PEA with an ester to amide ratio of 4:1 in order to model the trend observed in thephysicalproperties ... groups Increase the molecular weights ofthe synthesized PEAs to further improve the thermal and mechanical properties (such as changing the amino acid to polypeptide or increasing the reaction...
... 0.8 μm The lengths ofthe rod-like grains were of 2.0 to 2.5 μm As the temperature was increased to 1300oC, the grains became slightly larger, with diameters of 1.0 to 1.2 μm The lengths ofthe ... capacitance comprises the capacitance ofthe grain and air in the pores It is well known that the capacitance of air is very much less than that ofthe grains.17 Therefore, the less dense sample has a ... patterns for all the compositions fit well with the orthorhombic phase of standard BaNd2Ti5O14, ICDD No 33–136 The lattice parameters ofthe XRD show a = 12.20 Å, b = 22.35 Å and c = 3.84 Å However,...
... Distribution ofthe total score for the Trait subscale ofthe STAI Figure Distribution ofthe Trait and State scores ofthe STAI in normal subjects Distribution ofthe Trait and State scores ofthe STAI ... the study Translation and back translation were made by two ofthe authors; one of whom did the translation andthe other who did not know the original English text did the back translation The ... In 20 ofthe patients the instrument was re-applied 1–2 days later tions may provide an impression ofthe stability of results over time Also, the means andthe standard deviations ofthe differences...
... regardless ofthe improvement in their psychotic symptoms The current study reports on the reliability andthe psychometric propertiesofthe Greek translation ofthe SWN-20 Methods Study sample The ... KNF designed the study and participated in the analysis ofthe data, interpretation and writing ofthe manuscript MS, KM, EP, SM, IC, KA, AC and SD participated in the gathering ofthe data, interpretation ... between the two groups [25] In any case, the assessment ofthe patient's subjective experience may be of use in the evaluation ofthe differential effects of antipsychotics and their dose in SWB and...
... participated in the design ofthe study, and helped in writing the manuscript; FP participated in the design ofthe study, and helped in writing the manuscript All the authors have read and approved the ... one factor and items and load on the other factor, and a onefactor model with items to 10 (having removed items and 2) Comparison ofthe fit indices for the two -factor model andthe eight-item ... property enables direct comparison ofthe psychometric propertiesofthe EDS between males and females from the parameter estimates To test the goodness -of- fit ofthe estimated GRM, we used a graphical...
... is the reverse transcription ofthe genomic RNA into double stranded (ds) DNA For formation of dsDNA, the RT catalyzes RNAand DNA-dependent DNA polymerization to synthesize the (-) and (+)-strand, ... substrate containing a fluorescent dye on the 3’ end ofthe RNA and a quencher on the 5’ end ofthe DNA Upon cleavage ofthe RNA the fluorescent dye is released from the quencher resulting in an increase ... detection ofthe fluorescence emission ofthe RNA template strand at 670 nm upon excitation at 633 nm The cleavage sites are indicated on the left The first nucleotide ofthe RNA hybridized to the...