chapter 16  from css to sass

... speak to strangers or to people in authority Less formal More formal To a friend: Can you tell me the time? To a stranger: Could you tell me the time? Mother to Child: Will you be quiet? To a ... situations when we speak to strangers or to people in authority You can use PLEASE to make your request more polite Less formal Child to Parent: Can I go outside and play now? Friend to Friend: Could ... Use WILL and CAN to agree to requests Do not use WOULD or COULD We generally use CAN’T / WON’T to refuse a request WON’T is used for strong refusals, and sounds impolite Agreeing to a Request Refusing...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 03:21

... behave But to understand how they work, they must be taken to pieces, studied and put back together again We will have understood the nature of natural communities when we know how to recreate ... disturbance (drought or the addition of predatory mosquito larvae) in various sequences to laboratory micrososms of protists and small metazoans (analogous to natural communities in waterfilled bamboo ... experimental grassland subjected to continuous fertilizer from 1856 to 1949 ((a–c) after Tokeshi, 1993.) 10–2 10–3 1949 1919 10 –4 glass slides in a lake, change from a log-normal to a geometric pattern...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... simple present to tell apart story to make the story loving and near the true more, however it is always used to express in telling story, telling a film, a play or an event of history Work in ... work Calls some to give answers and give reasons about trying to convince them Eg: Would you like to come to the party? Give some expression to convince friends to come We would love to hve you in ... answering the qs + to bring a plate (to bring food to share with others) Asks the sts to work in pairs , + convince sb to sth: Have sts based on the questions in task and examples to the same + budget...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2013, 01:25

... GUIDE TO PARTICLE COUNTING were to occur Pressurized washing to clear clogs could exceed 100 PSI, so care should be exercised It is probably better to remove the flow cell in these cases, to avoid ... ruining the whole assembly Replacing the flow cell does leave the door open to potential problems Care must be taken to follow the instructions carefully If fingerprints are left on the flow cell, ... to a different type if desired Met One also uses barb fittings on the sensor, which is located inside the NEMA enclosure Short lengths of tubing are then run from the sensor inlet and outlet to...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... the fixator, several requests must be fulfilled: the distance between the rod and bone to be reduced, the pins diameter to be augmented, the pins located near fracture to be close one to other, ... experimentation in virtual environment in order to determine optimum shapes to provide perfect interweaving of fractured bony structures The optimum shape has to take into consideration the implant insertion ... close to the normal anatomical alignment of the bone, which is highly conducive to cellular regeneration and healing After the fracture is healed, the staple can be cooled, thus returning to its...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... Costa-Pierce, B (2003) Open Ocean Aquaculture: From Research to Commercial Reality Proceedings of the 2003 World Aquaculture Society Conference, Baton Rouge, LA BSH (2008) Wind farms Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt ... Stability Perspectives, No 149, Boston Consulting Group Inkpen, A (2008) Knowledge Transfer and International Joint Ventures: The Case of NUMMI and General Motors Strategic Management Journal, ... Nuclear Safety (eds) Bond, R., Kapondamgaga, P.H., Mwenebanda, B., Yadav, R.P.S., Rizvi, A (2007) Monitoring the livelihood platform: reflections on the operation of the Livelihood Asset-Status Tracking...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... agranite rock that stood in the centre of the crater, just like apedestal made ready to receive a statue of Pluto He stood like a manstupefied, but the stupefaction soon gave way to delirious rapture ... superstitions I felt intoxicatedwith the sublime pleasure of lofty elevations without thinking of theprofound abysses into which I was shortly to be plunged But I wasbrought back to the realities of ... fright "What madness," I thought, "to go down into a mortar, perhaps aloaded mortar, to be shot up into the air at a moment's notice!" But I did not try to back out of it Hans with perfect coolnessresumed...

Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 14:20

... evidence to Royal Commissions and to other government inquiries, relating to monetary questions, to “depressions of trade and industry,” to taxation policy, and to international trade A supplement to ... enabled him to reconcile competition and increasing returns, to introduce issues of family, education, arbitration, trades unions, and custom into his discussion of wages and labor; and to blend ... these tools of marginalism designed originally to explain individual economic behavior to broad, social purposes Pigou’s views on optimal public sector size are identical in principle to Jevons’s...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... first to split off from the founding group and is likely to be the most similar to the original colonist ancestors The entire process of evolutionary divergence of these species appears to have ... (therophytes) Phanerophytes Tropical Cryptophytes Hemicryptophytes Desert Chamaephytes Mediterranean Percent of total flora 80 60 40 20 te te te te yte hy hy hy hy ph top top rop rop ae p e e yp am an Th ... hy hy hy ph top top rop rop ae p e e yp am an Th cry Cr mi Ch Ph He Temperate te te te te yte hy hy hy hy ph top top rop rop ae p e e yp am an Th cry Cr mi Ch Ph He Arctic Percent of total flora...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... and were tested for freezing tolerance and ability to acclimate to cold Individuals from the most freeze-tolerant population (from Manitoba) tolerated −49°C in laboratory tests and acclimated by ... higher than the metabolic optimum are liable to be lethal to endotherms as well as ectotherms (see Section 2.3.6) It is tempting to think of ectoectotherms and therms as ‘primitive’ and endotherms ... the predatory mite, Amblyseius californicus, took 24.22 days to develop (i.e the proportion of its total development achieved each day was 0.041 (= 1/24.22)), but it took only 8.18 days to develop...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... understory species may experience a further systematic change, because the seasonal cycle of leaf production of overstory species determines what radiation remains to penetrate to the understory ... regime beneath it Phytoplankton cells nearer the surface, too, shade the cells beneath them, such that the reduction of intensity with depth is greater, the greater the phytoplankton density Figure ... that we may not refer to as predators in everyday speech: a water flea consuming phytoplankton cells, a squirrel eating an acorn, and even a pitcherplant drowning a mosquito Grazing can also be...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... unhelpful to see phylogeny as an alternative explanation to LIFE, DEATH AND LIFE HISTORIES habitat in seeking to understand life histories Phylogeny sets limits to an organism’s life history and to ... of life histories? The usual approach to the ecological study of life histories has been to compare the life histories of two or more populations (or species or groups), and to seek to understand ... history, and every habitat, is unique In order to find ways in which life histories might be grouped, classified and compared, we must find ways of describing them that apply to all life histories...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... low (i.e at small population sizes: A to B, B to C) and is small close to the carrying capacity (I to J, J to K), but is large at intermediate densities (E to F) The result is an ‘S’-shaped or ... territoriality only in terms of a net benefit to the territory owner is rather like history always being written by the victors There is another, possibly trickier question, which seems not to have ... exclusive area, the territory, is defended against intruders by a recognizable pattern of behavior Individuals of a territorial species that fail to obtain a territory often territoriality is a make...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... gives rise to, another close to it The result is that individuals are closer together than expected by chance How these patterns appear to an observer, however, and their relevance to the life ... effectively and directly from dung pat to dung pat, or from one piece of carrion to another, by attaching themselves to dung or carrion beetles They usually attach to a newly emerging adult, and leave ... advantage to individuals that the selfish herd aggregate with others was suggested by Hamilton (1971) in his paper ‘Geometry for the selfish herd’ He argued that the risk to an individual from a predator...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... arable farming They wished to relate to restore plants’ performances to their life hisgrassland, tories On the basis of the results of the first years of restoration, they calculated a ... confronted with too many problems and too few resources Should they focus attention on the various forces that bring species to extinction and attempt to persuade governments to act to reduce their ... they are able to undergo dietary shifts in response to habitat change) or the model is too general to be much use in specific cases The latter is likely to be true However, this is not to deny the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... is either a competitor or a predator of desirable species (for example food crops), and we are either predators of the pest ourselves or we manipulate its natural predators to our advantage (biological ... low numbers of both species towards the bottom left, high numbers of both species towards the top right, and so on Certain combinations of N1 and N2 will give rise to increases in species and/or ... fugitive species tends to be the first to colonize gaps; it establishes itself, and it reproduces The other species tends to be slower to invade the gaps, but having begun to so, it outcompetes...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... NATURE OF PREDATION together with true predators, grazers and parasitoids under the umbrella term ‘predator’ The parasitoids are a group of parasitoids insects that belong mainly to the order Hymenoptera, ... seeds, mealworms, zooplankton relative to fish), it often fails to predict diets of foragers that attack mobile prey (small mammals, fish, zooplankton relative to insect predators) This may be because ... their potential to lend stability to predator–prey dynamics For now, we concentrate on the behavior that leads to predator aggregation (Section 9.6.1), the optimal foraging approach to patch use...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... residue (Worrall et al., 1997) The tough silicon-rich frustules of dead diatoms in the phytoplankton communities of lakes and oceans are somewhat analogous to the wood of terrestrial communities ... they would seem to constitute a high-quality food resource But they are not reingested by Chironomus larvae, mainly because they are too large and too tough for its mouthparts to deal with However, ... laboratory, the presence of chydorids has been shown to speed up dramatically the breakdown of large Chironomus pellets to smaller particles The final and most intriguing twist to the story is...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... macroparasites and protozoan microparasites tend to be weaker The infections themselves, therefore, tend to be persistent, and hosts may be subject to repeated reinfection Indeed, responses to microparasites ... anything, to be superior (Begon et al., 1998) Frequency dependence appears to be a better descriptor than density dependence, too, for a number of (nonsexually transmitted) infections of insects (Fenton ... susceptibility to infection (whether due to genetic, behavioral or environmental factors), or because individuals vary in their exposure to parasites (Wilson et al., 2002) The latter is especially likely to...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... access to the nectar to just a few species of visitor This range can be seen within the family Ranunculaceae In the simple flower of Ranunculus ficaria the nectaries are exposed to all visitors, ... be toxic to the host 13.5.2 Ruminant guts The stomach of ruminants comprises a three-part forestomach (rumen, reticulum and omasum) followed by an enzymesecreting abomasum that is similar to ... 1998) The mycetocytes are found in the hemocoel of the aphids and the bacteria occupy around 60% of the mycetocyte cytoplasm The bacteria cannot be brought into culture in the laboratory and have...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20