chapter 12  introduction to real time linux

... quantization and arithmetic errors 1.1 Basic Elements of Real- Time DSP Systems There are two types of DSP applications ± non -real- time and real time Non -real- time signal processing involves manipulating ... testing DSP code Software simulators run on a host computer to mimic the behavior of a DSP chip The 18 INTRODUCTION TO REAL- TIME DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING simulator is able to show memory contents, ... At the same time, a digital counter starts to record the clock cycles The number of counts required for the integrator output voltage to get back to zero is directly proportional to the input...

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 14:15

... this to be an example of a real time operating system Engineers on the other hand would not consider this to a a real time operating system A real time operating system to an engineer has hard time ... into two broad categories based on the applications they are suitable for:– • real time operating systems • non -real time operating systems There is some debate as to what constitutes a real time ... classification often corresponds to the real time/ non -real time as described above Real time applications of operating systems are often embedded – i.e they are stored in read only memory (ROM)...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2016, 11:34

... breakpoints to be set at a particular point in a program to examine the registers and the memory locations in order to evaluate the real- time results using a DSP board Emulators allow the DSP software to ... link time This maximizes performance by enabling the programmer to link the code and data objects into specific memory locations The archiver allows users to collect a group of files into a single ... many DSP algorithms To improve compiler efficiency for real- time DSP applications, the C55x compiler provides a method to add in-line assembly language routines directly into the C program This...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2013, 23:15

... and Skills • Be able to compute the future value of an investment made today • Be able to compute the present value of cash to be received at some future date • Be able to compute the return ... • Be able to compute the number of periods that equates a present value and a future value given an interest rate • Be able to use a financial calculator and a spreadsheet to solve time value ... Excel icon to open a spreadsheet containing four different examples 5C-31 Work the Web Example • Many financial calculators are available online • Click on the web surfer to go to Investopedia’s...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2015, 12:22

... specified time timer_create Create a timer based on specified clock timer_delete Delete a timer timer_settime Arm the timer timer_gettime Return current timer value timer_getoverrun Return number of times ... file level into real- time and non real- time files Do not include any non real- time function in real- time files and vice versa In this example we have a hello_world.c: Contains non real- time function ... major changes to get a well-bounded response time for all the OS services Hence a fork was done: hard real- time variants of Linux, RTLinux, and RTAI are done to use Linux in a hard real- time system...

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2013, 23:20

... still need to emphasize its necessity when applied to a functional specification document Be sure that students understand that the functional specification is not complete until the customer and ... it meets their individual needs and is realistic Also emphasize that some customers may be intimidated by a complete functional specification, and that prototyping, in one or more forms, is a valuable ... Understand the value of a functional specification ! To prepare for the activity • Complete the activity yourself Module Strategy Use the following strategy to present this module: ! Functional Specification...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2013, 16:15

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 15:19

... investments in the two stocks The investor s problem is to decide how much wealth to put in asset A and how much to put in asset B Let xA denote the share of wealth invested in stock A and xB denote ... simple way to solve this problem is to substitute the restriction (7) into the function (6) and reduce the problem to a minimization over one variable To illustrate, use the restriction (7) to solve ... very risk tolerant investor may actually borrow at the risk free rate and use these funds to leverage her investment in the tangency portfolio For example, suppose the risk tolerant investor borrows...

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 15:21

... validation " Failing to provide enough detail " Providing too much detail " Creating an unrealistic design " Spending too much time updating the functional specification " Failing to communicate changes ... Introduction to Functional Specifications Factors That Determine the Form Slide Objective To describe the factors that determine the form of the functional specification Lead-in Several factors affect ... should be cautious not to spend too much time updating the functional specification After all, the goal of the project is to deliver a solution that meets the business needs, not to deliver a document...

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2014, 09:20

... you to specify an account to be used when connecting to the server that holds the external directory Determining which account to use depends on the external directory It may be necessary to have ... directory, Connector Space, and Metaverse, and must remain unique to avoid the 14105 error It is not necessary to populate the connector namespace with the $mail attribute, the solution is to remove ... is to import the required structure before trying to import the users The third is to manually create the required structure prior to importing the users After joining an external directory to...

Ngày tải lên: 18/01/2014, 05:20

... similar to the stator backiron The inert region (radii from rrs to rri) mechanically transfers torque from the rotor backiron to the shaft It is often just a continuation of the rotor Stator Backiron ... radius, rrb—the rotor backiron radius, rrg—the rotor air-gap radius, rst—the stator tooth inner radius, rsb—the stator backiron inner radius, and rss—the stator shell radius A stator shell, if present, ... of canceled conductors to be zero and require the end winding conductor arrangement to be symmetric in the sense that for any end conductor count over tooth i, the end conductor count over the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 18:55

... instructor’s solution manual is available by email to wtrench@trinity.edu, subject to verification of the requestor’s faculty status TO BEVERLY Contents Preface Chapter vi The Real Numbers 1.1 The Real ... vector-valued functions In making the transition from one to several variables and from real- valued to vector-valued functions, I have left to the student some proofs that are essentially repetitions ... comparable textbooks The instructor who chooses not to cover these sections completely can omit the less standard topics without loss in subsequent sections Chapter is devoted to real- valued functions...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 12:20

... Dynamic Routing Protocols: RIP and OSPF l RIP uses hop count Ÿ R1 to R3 Ÿ Fewer links but much slower l OSPF uses bandwidth Ÿ R1 to R2 to R3 Ÿ More routers but much faster links 31 To reach the 192.168.1.0/24 ... the following steps to connect a terminal to the console port on the router: l Connect the terminal using the RJ-45 to RJ-45 rollover cable and an RJ-45 to DB-9 or RJ-45 to DB-25 adapter l Configure ... the IOS stored? ROM Where is IOS permanently stored before it is copied into RAM? FLASH Where are the bootsystem commands stored which are used to locate the IOS? NVRAM running-config IOS (running)...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 13:20

... (stream extraction operator) • Used with std::cin • Waits for user to input value, then press Enter (Return) key • Stores value in variable to right of operator – Converts value to variable data type ... std::cout – “Connected” to screen –

Ngày tải lên: 10/03/2014, 06:20

... whether a customer is likely to be lost to a competitor – Approach: • Use detailed record of transactions with each of the past and present customers, to find attributes – How often the customer calls, ... © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Total Articles 555 354 278 Introduction to Data Mining 19 Clustering of S&P 500 Stock Data Observe Stock Movements every day Clustering points: Stock-{UP/DOWN} Similarity ... {Bagels, … } > {Potato Chips} – Potato Chips as consequent => Can be used to determine what should be done to boost its sales – Bagels in the antecedent => Can be used to see which products...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... is too expensive or time consuming Sampling is used in data mining because processing the entire set of data of interest is too expensive or time consuming © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to ... Introduction to Data Mining 13 Document Data Each document becomes a `term' vector, – each term is a component (attribute) of the vector, – the value of each component is the number of times the ... – duplicate data © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 21 Noise Noise refers to modification of original values – Examples: distortion of a person’s voice when talking on a poor phone...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... Conversely, given a view of the data where the time dimension is broken into months, we could split the monthly sales totals (drill down) into daily sales totals – Likewise, we can drill down or roll ... patterns not captured by data analysis tools Related to the area of Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) – Created by statistician John Tukey – Seminal book is Exploratory Data Analysis by Tukey – A nice ... so many points – Can sample, but want to preserve points in 14 © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining Visualization Techniques: Histograms Histogram – Usually shows the distribution...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... Determine how to split the records • How to specify the attribute test condition? • How to determine the best split? – Determine when to stop splitting © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining ... Determine how to split the records • How to specify the attribute test condition? • How to determine the best split? – Determine when to stop splitting © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining ... condition? • How to determine the best split? – Determine when to stop splitting © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 46 Stopping Criteria for Tree Induction Stop expanding a node...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... no no no no no no yes no yes Introduction to Data Mining Live in Water Have Legs no no yes yes sometimes no no no no yes sometimes sometimes no yes sometimes no no no yes no yes no no no yes yes ... according to distance • weight factor, w = 1/d2 © Tan,Steinbach, Kumar Introduction to Data Mining 41 Nearest Neighbor Classification… Choosing the value of k: – If k is too small, sensitive to noise ... Introduction to Data Mining 33 Advantages of Rule-Based Classifiers As highly expressive as decision trees Easy to interpret Easy to generate Can classify new instances rapidly Performance comparable to...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20