chapter 10  the semantic web a cocktail discussion

... people/dlm/daml-semantics/abstract-axiomatic-semantics.html Foster, Kesselman, Tuecke 2001 “The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations.” International J Supercomputer Applications ... Agent Markup Language + Ontology Inference Layer (DAML+OIL), 157, 232–233 DARPA Agent Markup Language Services (DAML-S), 84 DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Program), 189 data meta data versus, 30 ... 29 data exchange and interoperability, 48 data fidelity, evolution in, 53 data fields, documents versus, 31 data integration, 50 data members, 45, 104 data mining, 50 data models, 36 data types...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... example, is an example where the Semantic Web and Web services could aid in making a painful task easy Making travel arrangements can be an administrative nightmare Everyone has personal travel ... Semantic Web 25 correlation, aggregation, and orchestration Academic research programs, such as TAP at Stanford, are bridging the gap between disparate Web servicebased data sources and “creating ... compose a new definition of the Semantic Web: a machineprocessable web of smart data Furthermore, we can further define smart data as data that is application-independent, composeable, classified, and...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 08:20

... example, is an example where the Semantic Web and Web services could aid in making a painful task easy Making travel arrangements can be an administrative nightmare Everyone has personal travel ... Semantic Web 25 correlation, aggregation, and orchestration Academic research programs, such as TAP at Stanford, are bridging the gap between disparate Web servicebased data sources and “creating ... information, and save you a lot of time and work If you had a corporate knowledge base that could be searched and analyzed by software agents, you could have Web- based applications that save you a...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... Recommendation The PSVI defines a standard set of information classes that an application can retrieve after an instance document has been validated against a schema For example, an application can ... exchanging data between organizations By agreeing on a standard schema, organization can produce these text documents that can be validated, transmitted, and parsed by any application regardless ... any application It has a standard syntax for meta data XML provides an effective approach to describe the structure and purpose of data It has a standard structure for both documents and data...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... available cars on a certain date, lists rental rates, and allows an application to make a reservation for a car Expense report creator This Web service automatically creates expense reports, based ... reification Most databases treat data as facts, so it is a stretch to think about data as assertions One commonsense application of reification is annotations of other people’s work Annotations, ... RDF application but a small vocabulary that can be used in RDF as well as in other markup languages The RDF Site Summary (RSS) is an XML syntax that has flip-flopped between an RDF syntax and an...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... methods) An object is one instance of a class OO languages also allow classes to inherit characteristics and behaviors from a parent class (also called a super class) The software industry has recently ... TAPache subproject of the TAP project at http:// tap.stanford.edu TAPache is a module for the Apache HTTP server that 116 Chapter enables you to publish RDF data via a standard Web service called ... by RDF Schema is the same data model used by object-oriented programming languages like Java The data model for RDF Schema allows you to create classes of data A class is defined as a group of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... least for human-designed artifacts Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Subclass: Theria Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Primates Suborder: Anthropoidea Superfamily: ... The ANSI/NISO Monolingual Thesaurus Standard defines a thesaurus as a controlled vocabulary arranged in a known order and structured so that equivalence, homographic, hierarchical, and associative ... equipment, materials 592 Invertebrates 543 Analytical chemistry 593 Protozoa, Echinodermata, related phyla 544 Qualitative analysis 594 Mollusca and Molluscoidea 545 Quantitative analysis 595...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... String isa Staff_Employee managed_by manages isa Management_Employee manages Class Organization isa isa isa manages part_of isa manages President Class Company manages isa isa Manager Class Department ... An association role specifies how a particular topic acts as a member of an association, its manner of playing in that association If there were a uses association between Sammy Sosa and a Rawlings ... We are all probably very familiar with the syntax of programming languages and database languages, so the discussion will focus primarily on these A programming language, just like a natural language...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... to at least partially understand, to semantically interpret, our Web documents and objects In formal language theory, one has a syntax and a semantics for the objects of that syntax (vocabulary), ... programming language such as C means that you enter a finite state automaton that enforces particular transitions between states that: ■■ Declare what input values enable the state transition; what ... intensional database, whereas the tuples of the database constitute the extensional database In the formal/natural language worlds, a description or specification is an intension, whereas the actual...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... important point that you should understand is that all the Semantic Web languages take advantage of the other languages beneath them in the so-called layer cake or stack diagram of the Semantic Web ... statement into three parts: a management employee part, a managing an organization part, and a manages part But in Table 8.9, we will just that Table 8.8 Predicate Logic Example PROPOSITIONS AND ... the particular language in order to really take advantage of what that language offers For example, though all RDF/S, DAML+OIL, and OWL files can be validated as being in legitimate XML syntax,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 12:20

... functions, variables, etc Using an appropriate API abstraction level, applications can reuse standardized code and access or manipulate data in consistent ways The Semantic Web: Crafting Infrastructure ... Meta directories, 27 Metadata, 11, 35, 37, 55 Metadata consistency, 230 Metadata tools, browsing and authoring tools, metadata gathering tools, 196, 226 Metadata Web, 35 Metalanguage markup framework, ... following books take more technical approaches to specific areas XML Databases and the Semantic Web, by Bhavani Thuraisingham and Bhavani Thuraisingha, CRC Press, 2002 Definitive XML Application Development,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 09:22

... said and then ask her if that was what she meant As you are speaking, repeat a word or phrase that she used Pay close attention to her response as you speak If she shows signs of not hearing you ... heard what the speaker wanted you to hear is to repeat what you thought she said Since people think faster than they speak, there’s a good chance she didn’t say quite what she thought she said—or ... understand you, try repeating what you said in a different way Ask someone, “Could you clearly hear what I said?” if there’s any doubt you were understood LISTENING IN A GROUP A good way to make...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2013, 18:20

... [21] formats are retrieved and their targets parsed into RDF • Available and applicable XSL transformations [31] are applied on the current web page’s DOM [24] • Available and applicable Javascript ... Javascript provides a bridge over to Piggy Bank’s Java code In fact, Piggy Bank has several databases: a permanent “My Piggy Bank” database for storing saved information and several temporary ... databases, each created to hold information collected from a different source The Save command causes data to be copied from a temporary database to the permanent database Commands such as Save,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 10:20

... processes may require access to proprietary/legacy data sources and applications (e.g., Oracle database for AreaAgencyAging and SAP application for HealthDepartment) In addition, DWSs assume a tight ... process The semantics of interactions among AreaAgencyAging and HealthDepartment must be well defined, such that there is no ambiguity as to what a message may mean, what actions are allowed, what responses ... other advantages such as Quality of Service (QoS) • Adaptability: adaptability refers to the degree to which an application is able to quickly adapt to changes Semantic Web applications operate...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 21:20

... compensate for unsolicited, malicious cross-domain access and take cumbersome steps to maintain at least some separation of code and the displayed data And sooner or later, virtually all web applications ... canonical notations for IP addresses, standard C libraries used by most applications are much more relaxed, accepting noncanonical IPv4 addresses that mix octal, decimal, and hexadecimal notation ... to help us to understand, contain, and manage real-world problems Instead, it introduces a dangerous fallacy: that structured inadequacy is almost as good as adequacy and that underfunded security...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 22:00

... Free Web Semantic Web Collaboration and Agency Chapter at a Glance Back to Basics The Return of P2P WebDAV Peer Aspects Peering the Data Peering the Services Edge Computing Automation and Agency ... formatting tags rather than actual page content as expressed in natural language XML markup can express semantic meaning and thus greatly improve search-result relevancy There are both pros and ... 226 226 x Contents Examples of Deployed Systems Chapter at a Glance Application Examples Retsina Semantic Web Calendar Agent MusicBrainz and Freedb Semantic Portals and Syndication SUMO Ontology...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 02:20

... the last part of exchange - closed pairs IV: Role play: (Call ss go to the board and - asks ss work practice the form) in pairs - work in pairs - elicits ss how to role play - role play - monitors ... the dialogue: guess a - guess a How is the weather today? situation of the situation of the It is sunny in Hanoi picture picture It is rainy in HoChi Minh City - monitors - practice the dialogue ... of guides warmer I Warmer: Shark attack: - work in group - guess a word - checks - sunny - follows the - choral - cloudy techniques of repetition - windy eliciting new - individual - rainy 5’ -...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... windy warmer - work in rainy group - checks - slap a word - check 7’ II Listen and check - sticks poster 1) on the board - look at the poster on the windy b sunny a - elicits board - plays tape ... tape - listen and 2) - the 2nd tape cloudy a rainy b check - listen again - checks Anser key: a 10’ II Say it right: - check 2.b - models - u,o / â / : sunny, one - pronounce all - monitors ... individual - check 6’ IV Let’s play: Draw a picture - sticks poster on the board - look at the - runs through poster - draw - checks - check * Home work: (Look at Section B) PHẦN ĐIỀU CHỈNH -...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... includes a full-fledged database capability † Heavy OIL may include additional representational (and reasoning) capabilities Especially a more expressive rule languages and meta-class facilities ... data-exchange format An XML serialization can also be transferred as a data object between two applications It is important to note that in all these applications of XML, a DTD (or an XML schema) ... individual) names † A slot-filler pair (called a slot constraint) can itself be treated as a class: it can be used anywhere that a class name can be used, and can be combined with other classes in class...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 21:21