challenges of studying environmental risk factors for breast cancer

... were the risk factors of tumor recurrence For the patients without or with limited risk factors of tumor recurrence, hepatectomy rather than liver transplantation will be the first choice of treatment ... On the basis of our multivariate analysis of five recurrent risk factors, a nomogram was developed to predict

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

... long-term follow-up study Cancer 1985, 55:2698-2708 Dupont WD, Page DL: Risk factors for breast cancer in women with proliferative breast disease New England Journal of Medicine, The 1985, 312:146-151 ... the small volume of tissue obtained from core biopsy [15] In addition, foci of ADH may be present at the periphery of areas of DCIS [16] and, thus, even an unequivocal diagnosis of ADH does not ... ADH does not preclude the presence of an adjacent and more advanced lesion Because of this underestimation (which means presence of DCIS or invasive cancer) risk, some authors have recommended...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:21

... high -risk cohort is feasible for the detection of early gastric neoplasia Study - Clinical risk factors and premalignant lesions of gastric cancer in high risk cohort 28 Study - Genetic risk factors ... history of GC, and 39% had history of HP infection (Table 3.1) Of the 2975 subjects, 14% had no risk factor, 23% had one risk factor, 30% had two risk factors and 33% had three or more risk factors ... occurs in East Asia Gastric cancer is also the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide accounting for 736,000 deaths in 2008 The known risk factors for gastric cancer are Helicobacter pylori...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:29

... and at risk of pregnancy but using no contraception cancer Table IV Relative risks for ovarian cancer associated with duration of use of contraception by gravidity Table VI Relative risks for ovarian ... had breastfed the lower her risk of ovarian cancer Indeed, the highest risk was found in those who had breastfed longest Results from other studies are contradic- RISK FACTORS FOR OVARIAN CANCER ... (0.05 -2.8) risks adjusted for age, social class, gravidity and duration of unprotected intercourse aReference category bRelative risks adjusted for gravidity RISK FACTORS FOR OVARIAN CANCER significantly...

Ngày tải lên: 23/05/2016, 10:06

... studies that have examined the breast cancer risk of women who have quit smoking have reported an increase in breast cancer risk In many of these studies, breast cancer risk was highest shortly after ... between breast cancer and the level of smoking exposure is not as clear as it is for lung cancer For example, people who smoke the least (or for the shortest time) have the lowest risk of lung cancer, ... breast cancer risk The nature of this interplay is poorly understood Does quitting smoking affect breast cancer risk? Quitting smoking may lead to a temporary increase in breast cancer risk Most of...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 01:20

... degradation of air quality as a result of increasing levels of outdoor air pollutants such as vehicle emissions [7-20] An understanding of the interplay between genetic background and environmental ... admissions [7-10] The effect of air pollutants on lung function depends on the type of pollutant and its environmental concentration, the duration of exposure, the total ventilation of exposed individuals, ... source of air pollution and have been conducted primarily among schoolchildren The results suggest that the distance from and type of traffic are more significant risk factors than traffic volume for...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... on the risk of a breast cancer only when the cancer was diagnosed after age 50 The change in the slope of the curve showing the age-specific incidence of breast cancer around the age of 50 strongly ... breast cancer risk in biparous women, Int J Cancer 1990;45:428-430 Segala C, Gerber M, Richardson S The pattern of risk factors for breast cancer in a southern France population lnterest for a stratified ... with breast cancer: Results from two prospective studies on the island of Guernsey (United Kingdam), Cancer Causes Control 1993;4:331-340 Bouchardy C, Lê MG, Hill C Risk factors for breast cancer...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 16:20

... broader aspects of health Assuming that knowledge of specific factors can further assist ophthalmologists in the care of their patients, the present study aims to create a risk profile of patient ... primary cause of vision loss Results Non-response and loss to follow-up A total of 357 patients were eligible for inclusion in the study; of these, 61 (17.1%) did not participate [13,15] Of the remaining ... underestimation of the decline in QOL because patients with worse scores were lost to follow-up With the risk profile presented in this study it was possible to determine patients at risk for a relatively...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... proportion of patients from institutional settings Interestingly, heterogeneity between institutional settings is noted Data from the Office of National Statistics showed a Risk Ratio (RR) of 8.0 for ... should be offered to high risk patients identified by appropriate risk stratified techniques, based on the risk factors noted in results My literature review has shown the overall scarcity of literature ... ‘bug-bear’ of a surgical practice: reducing the incidence of MRSA surgical site infections Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 2006, 88(2):222-3 Gray JW, George RH: Is the incidence of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... occurrence of retained Table Descriptive statistics of data included in the analysis of risk factors for retained placenta in 805 calvings in nine dairy herds Variables Level Abnormal partus1) No of ... Dailey RA Factors affecting reproductive performance of dairy cows J Dairy Sci 1985, 68, 1793-1803 Correa MT, Curtis CR, Erb HN, Scarlett JM, Smith RD An ecological analysis of risk factors for postpartum ... diagnosed by the presence of the following clinical signs: weakness, cold skin, and favorable response Data collection and processing for determination of the risk factors for retained placenta Data...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... model of all risk factors repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, tetralogy of Fallot or other forms of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction were not risk factors for the ... of all risk factors ventricular tachycardia Grosse-Wortmann et al Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 2010, 5:85 http://www.cardiothoracicsurgery.org/content/5/1/85 Page of Table Risk factors for ... prevalences were 12.7% for SVT, 16.7% for AJR, 5.4% for JET, and 15.2% for VT (p < 0.0001 versus preoperative prevalence for all types of arrhythmias) The prevalences of these types of arrhythmias reached...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... course of first grade and to the end of third grade Aim two Measure the variation in the impact of WD by examining moderating factors at the level of the child and the social contexts of family, ... Structure of a School System Multilevel Structure of a School System Page of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) Implementation Science 2009, 4:56 Professional development to teachers As part of ... Washington, DC: U.S Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs; 1997 Payne AA, Gottfredson DC, Gottfredson GD: School predictors of the intensity of implementation of school-based prevention...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:21

... control of one or more of these risk factors [5-7] According to the Chronic Care model (CCM), patient outcomes such as good control of these risk factors should be associated with the presence of ... primary care setting for improving quality of care processes for rates of colorectal cancer screening [24], health habit counseling [25], and the quality of asthma care for children [26] Although ... hypotheses, the unit of randomization will be the clinic The unit of analysis will be the repeated measure of each risk factor for each patient, nested within the clinic The repeated measure of glycosylated...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... categories (for example, activities suitable for prevention of knee OA, activities with impact force on the knee joint, activities with risk for unapparent trauma of the tibiofemoral joint) All of these ... According to the results of Niu and colleagues, obesity was a risk factor for the incidence of but not for the progression of knee OA [30] These results underline the importance of the early prevention ... study and the time of diagnosis of knee OA for the first time was calculated for all cases In the controls, the median of this period (3 years) was subtracted from the time point of inclusion in...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 12:20

... significantly increased for horses stabled in riding schools compared to horses from "other types" Risk factors and anthelmintic treatment of horses 103 Table Descriptive statistics for risk factors associated ... post-treatment Results Risk factors for high endoparasitic burden The factors influencing the endoparasitic burden are presented in Table Strong collinearity was found between the factors "use of pasture ... choice of anthelmintics" and the variable "veterinarian gives advice regarding pasture hygienic measures" was seen (p

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:20

... the transformation function of SNP j, xa: wild∗ type, xb: heterozygous and xc: homozygous and x aj the transformed value for category a for variable j The effect of the heterozygous form of SNP ... The loadings and cross-loadings of the intermediate risk factors within the first and second canonical variate pair yit represents one of the seven risk factors of individual i measured at age ... intermediate risk factors, we assume that individuals with similar progression-profiles of the intermediate risk factors share the same genetic basis By associating a dataset with repeatedly measured risk...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 17:20

... highest grade of lesion recorded for each region In case of disagreement, a consensus reading was performed with a musculoskeletal radiologist with 22 years of experience (T.M.L.) For calibration ... probability of pixel co-occurrence is uniform throughout an image GLCM variance is a measure of the distribution of pixels about the mean; high variance signifies a high dispersion of co-occurrences of ... perform the analysis JCG developed the software for T2 mapping quantification and texture analysis LN performed WORMS grading and cartilage segmentations WV performed WORMS grading HA performed...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... baseline and follow-up interviews for all analyses Respiratory Research Vol No Eisner et al Risk of hospitalization — multivariate analysis Table Risk factors for hospitalization over longitudinal ... related to a greater risk of hospitalization (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.1–5.5) We examined the independent impact of selected covariates on the prospective risk of hospitalization for asthma using multiple ... a higher proportion of African–Americans reporting difficulty affording medical care than that of whites [36] Our study suggests that the increased risk of hospitalization for asthma among African–Americans...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... http://ccforum.com/content/7/3/R7 Table Table Univariate analysis of various factors for predicting severe corrected QT prolongation in 100 SAH-patients Multivariate analysis of various factors for ... first day of SAH In the present prospective study, we assessed various possible risk factors for the QTc prolongation that is observed in SAH patients in order to examine independent risk factors ... from the beginning of the QRS complex to the visual return of the T wave to the isoelectric line, and were corrected for heart rate using the Bazett formula: QTc = QT/(square root of RR interval)...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22