causes of post harvest losses 225

... of transportation 3.1.2 Postharvest losses The findings of postharvest loss evaluation are presented in the following tables Postharvest losses in terms of quantity of watermelon are very high ... table Losses in quantity during post harvest operations of the above products are rather high, of which:  Losses of maize are 10.88 - 18.01%  Losses of groundnut are 13.33 - 16.82%  Losses of ... Table Post harvest losses in quantity of watermelon Loss (%) Stage Harvest 1.8 – 4.8 Transportation 2.6 – 4.8 Storage (3 days) 2.2 – 3.0 Total 6.6 – 12.6 Table Postharvest losses in terms of quality...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:22

...  Harvesting means the deliberate picking of the commodity To determine the exact moment when to pick a crop , we have to consider the idea of maturity  The postharvest behavior of a commodity ... commodity depends on the stage of maturity when it was harvested  Maturity Index- signs or indications of the readiness of the plant for harvest The basis for determining harvest date Maturity Index ... fruit is nonclimacteric It has no ability to ripen after harvesting Time of harvesting is very critical Fruit harvested before optimum stage of maturity  Poor quality  Deteriorate faster  Lower...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2013, 20:55

... total post harvest losses of paddy at producers’ level was about 2.71 percent of total production To minimise post harvest losses, precautions should be taken to follow proper post harvest practises ... Handling and Storage of Foodgrains, S.V Pingale (1976) Post Harvest Technology of Cereals, Pulses and Oil seeds, Chakruverty A.(1988) Marketable Surplus and Post Harvest Losses of Paddy in India-2002, ... 1/4th size of the whole grain Husk: The by-product from the milling of rice consisting of the outermost covering of the rice kernels Bran: A by-product from the milling of rice consisting of the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2013, 20:58

... oranges Skin Staining is a Preharvest Disorder Rind Staining Following Skin Abrasions Detection of Wounds on Lemons Oil Spotting on Lemons Oil Spotting on Limes Preharvest Factors Affecting Susceptibility ... to decay Clippers Used For Harvesting Citrus Fruits Delivering Bins of Citrus Fruits to Packinghouse Citrus Degreening Rooms Inside Citrus Degreening Rooms Degreening Of Citrus Fruits -Recommended ... degradation 20-25°C 20- 25° 1-2 air changes/hr Duration of degreening required depends on maturity stage (amount of chlorophyll) in the skin of citrus fruits Washing -Dumping- Surface Drying Waxing...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2013, 20:58

... been estimated that total post harvest losses of paddy at producers’ level was about 2.71 percent of total production Table No 7: Estimated post- harvest losses of paddy at producers’ level Operations ... Nagpur To minimise post harvest losses, the following measures should be followed 3.2 Timely harvest at optimum moisture percentage (20 percent to 22 percent) Use of proper method of harvesting Avoid ... minimises the grain losses Avoid too much post harvest handling of paddy to minimise the grain losses Pack the paddy in sound B-Twill jute bags totally free from any contamination 3.3 Post- harvest equipments...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 09:20

... than in control (19.0%) Table 4: Postharvest treatment for water melon There are bacteria and fungus spores on the surface of water melon that could cause postharvest spoilage Spoilage (%) after ... spoilage rate (1.8%) occurred lower than in bulk load (6.4%) 3.3 Postharvest treatment Cabbages are often decayed in butts after harvesting To control that spoilage, some experiments were carried ... and wood box with soft filters For water melon, they were put directly on floor of truck with dried straw Tested containers were cartons with window with dried straw + Post harvest treatment -...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... activities Each of these cooperatives was installed with one reaper/combined harvester or a flat bed-dryer (8 ton capacity) Data collection on post- harvest losses (in more than two provinces), harvesting ... rice and losses for different varieties and seasons The objective of this experiment is to determine the effect of harvesting time on kernel cracking and optimize harvesting period of some rice ... in the yearly report Harvesting method (manual and harvester) comparison on the post- harvest losses was also undertaken in Can Tho and Long An provinces Cracking behaviour of the grain due to...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... samples The full analyse of the results will be presented in the next report Harvesting method (manual and harvester) comparison on the post- harvest losses during spring/dry harvesting season was ... rice and losses for different varieties and seasons The objective of this experiment is to determine the effect of harvesting time on kernel cracking and optimize harvesting period of some rice ... absence of collaboration from extension unit at Can Tho Implementation of many activities of this project (such as harvesting and drying experiments) through the involvement of members of cooperatives...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... experience in the use of the dryer Figure 8: Statement of local officer, Mr Nguyen van Thanh, Vice Head of the people committee of the district Figure 9: Statement of Kien Giang extension officer, Mr Lam ... officers: - Lâm Thanh Hùng – Director of Extension Center of Kiên Giang province - Nguyen van Thanh – Vice President of the people committee of Tân Hiệp district - Nguyễn Quyết Thắng – Head of ... officers: - Lâm Thanh Hùng – Director of Extension Center of Kiên Giang province - Nguyen van Thanh – Vice President of the people committee of Tân Hiệp district - Nguyễn Quyết Thắng – Head of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... Local officers: - Hà Anh Dũng – Director of Extension Center of Cần Thơ province - Nguyen Van Mực –President of the people committee of Tân Thới commune - Nguyễn thị ngọc Ánh – Deputy Head of Science ... Local officers: - Hà Anh Dũng – Director of Extension Center of Cần Thơ province - Nguyen Van Dan –Vice Head of the economic department of Vinh Thanh district - Nguyễn thị ngọc Ánh – Deputy Head of ... Meeting hall of people’s committee of Phong Dien district 7:30 – 8:00: Welcome the participants at Meeting hall of people’s committee of Tân Hiệp district 8:00 – 8:10: Declaration the reason of training...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... reduced harvesting losses; Lh1 = losses for the case of before project activities (no harvesters, late harvesting; Lh2 = losses for the case of after project activities (improved number of harvesters, ... correct harvesting and using combine-harvester This consists of 1) Benefits from reduction of harvesting losses; 2) Benefits from reduction of harvesting cost in comparison to manual harvesting; ... On an average, mechanical harvesting reduces harvesting losses Table 7: Effect of harvesting methods on the harvesting losses Harvesting method Hand Reaper Combined harvester Hand and heaped...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... drying problem in 2007 differs from that of 1997: It is no longer (or much less in scope) of quantity post- harvest losses, it is more on quality post- harvest losses Possible measures for the drying ... cause more losses, as is often the case of harvesting by hand The degree of harvesting time effect is also dependent on the variety REFERENCES Bal, S., & Oiha, T P., 1975 Determination of biological ... ratio of the mass of unbroken kernel to the total mass of paddy rice The head rice is composed of grains which maintain at least 75% of their length after milling Hardness of rice Hardness of 50...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... harvesting losses of rice and occurring as early as pre-harvesting stage and subsequent periods from harvesting to storage The occurrence of rice cracking during postharvest stages causes reduction ... rice) in the chain of post- production of rice In addition to the rice grain cracking is potentially occurred in previous postharvest stage, rice kernels can be cracked as a result of unsuitable milling ... effect of paddy quality on performance of milling system In this study, the effects of initial moisture content of paddy on the performance of rubber-roll dehusker milling system in terms of milling...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... Reaper Combined harvester Shattering losses (%) 1.2-3.0 0.7 1.3-1.5 Estimation of harvesting losses Harvesting losses consist of shattering and threshing losses Therefore, a combination of data in ... late harvesting practice of farmers Table 6: Losses of HRY in equivalent to losses of paddy (kg/100kg yield) for different varieties in the MRD due to current practices of late harvesting of the ... step of harvest or post- harvest contributes to a loss This loss is the summation of handling losses and value losses For instance, improper harvesting resulted in high shattering (handling losses) ...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... POST- HARVEST PROCESSES IN THE MEKONG DELTA OF VIETNAM NONG LAM UNIVERSITY QUEENSLAND I UNIVERSITY OF TRAINING ACTIVITIES The sessions of one day training program were organised in districts of ... program consisted of three sections: teaching lessons, demonstration of the dryers and harvesters in the field ♣ Teaching session: There were three lessons- harvesting time, harvesting method ... Summary of the number of participants trained in February 2007 Province District Date Kien Giang Tan Hiep Giong Rieng 25/02/2007 26/02/2007 Total Number of Number of farmers trained officers/extension...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... Institute Information Project Name Investigation of rice kernel cracking and its control in the field and during post- harvest processes in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam Vietnamese Institution Nong Lam ... Leader Dr Vinh Truong Australian Organisation The University of Queensland Australian Personnel Associate Professor Bhesh Bhandari Professor Shu Fukai Date commenced April 2006 Completion date ... 2009 Reporting period 12 months Contact Officer(s) In Australia: Team Leader Name: Bhesh Bhandari Position: Associate Professor Organisation: The University of Queensland Telephone: +61733469192...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... milling quality due to post- drying annealing and subsequent storage Appendix Poster ‘Activities of CARD 026/VIE-05 of the year 2006’ Appendix Poster ‘Activities of CARD 026/VIE-05 of the year 2007’ ... report The content of training session comprised of three lessons on harvesting time, harvesting method and drying technique and demonstrations of the dryer and the combined harvester (Figures ... July/2007 to March/2008 a total of 1685 farmers and 120 extension officers were trained on cracking issues for controlling of rice quality during harvest and post- harvest operations These numbers...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... reduced harvesting losses; Lh1 = losses for the case of before project activities (no harvesters, late harvesting; Lh2 = losses for the case of after project activities (improved number of harvesters, ... correct harvesting and using combine-harvester This consists of 1) Benefits from reduction of harvesting losses; 2) Benefits from reduction of harvesting cost in comparison to manual harvesting; ... of rice can be reduced dramatically as analysed and presented below Table Overall evaluation of total harvest and post – harvest losses (converted into grain losses – kg/100 kg dried paddy) Harvesting...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... Postharvest diseases of horticultural produce volume 2:Sent three copies of Tropical Fruit :- Postharvest diseases of horticultural produce volume This book outlines some general principles of ... articles, greater than 23 articles on pre-and post- harvest aspects of mango and citrus production (Information to be used for development of preand post- harvest manuals and quality assurance manuals) ... competitiveness of fruit industries of Vietnam and identified poor and unstable product quality, no quality standards, poor post- harvest technologies and pre -harvest practices, lack of group or co-operative...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 12:20