carbon anodes for solid polymer electrolyte lithiumion batteries

... polystyrene; Al 2 O 3 ; solid polymer electrolyte; polymer- in-salt system; lithium secondary battery. Introduction A lithium secondary battery using solid polymer electrolyte [SPE] is an ... Bhattacharya B, Nho YC, Park JK: Solid polymer electrolytes based on crosslinkable polyoctahedral silsesquioxanes (POSS) for room temperature lithium polymer batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 2010, ... properties in nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes. Key Eng Mater 2007, 336-338:526- 529. 8. Wei X, Shriver DF: Highly conductive polymer electrolytes containing rigid polymers. Chem Mater 1998,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 23:20

... oxides. Electrochem Solid- State Lett 1998, 1:255. 21. Sharma N, Shaju KM, Rao GVS, Chowdari BVR, Dong ZL, White TJ: Carbon- coated nanophase CaMoO 4 as anode material for Li ion batteries. Chem ... different carbons. Solid State Ionics 1997, 98:145. 3. Poizot P, Laruelle S, Grugeon S, Dupont L, Tarascon JM: Nano-sized transition-metal oxides as negative-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. ... Fully formatted PDF and full text (HTML) versions will be made available soon. Electrochemical performance of NixCo1-xMoO4 (0 [less than or equal to] x [less than or equal to] 1) nanowire anodes for...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... the foundation for a career in Information security as well as data networking it can provide. We will cover: ã Historical overview ã How times have changed ã The War on Terrorinformation terror ... NT4.0, MCSE WIN2K, MCSE 2003, Sec+, Net+, Server+, CCNA, CCNP Security+:The Foundation for Solid Network and Information Security Copyright ©2007 Global Knowledge T raining LLC. All rights reserved. Page ... competitive edge. Check out the following Global Knowledge course: Essentials of Information Security (Security+) For more information or to register, visit www.globalknowledge.com or call 1-800-COURSES...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 06:18

... the different forms of carbon are characterised by high activation energies so that metastable forms of carbon can persist for long periods under conditions where another form of carbon is thermodynamically ... example, cokes, graphites, carbon and graphite fibers, carbon fiber - carbon matrix composites, adsorbent carbons and monoliths, glassy carbons, carbon blacks, carbon films and diamond llke ... (P,T) region for the catalysed transformation of graphite to diamond. This is not a solid- solid transformation since the graphite is dissolved in the catalyst and the solute carbon atoms...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 11:20

... dnving forces for forming graphite and diamond from the vapour phase are similar. Also, the work on amorphous carbon films shows that the proportions of sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon in films formed ... crystalline forms of carbon: diamond, graphite, Fullerenes and carbynes; (ii) amorphous carbon films and diamond films; (iii) carbon nanoparticles, including carbon nanotubes; (iv) engineering carbons ... study of the behavior of various carbons as anodes in Li-ion batteries is reported. Carbons used in commercial Li-ion batteries are briefly reviewed. The role of carbon materials in nuclear...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 15:20

... solid- solute -solid transformations as in the catalysed transformation of graphite to diamond at 'A' in Fig. 5; c) solid- liquid -solid transformations; these occur when solid carbon ... line for the solid phase; some examples are described by Bundy et aZ[62]; d) solid- gas -solid transformations in which the product form of carbon is produced by condensation of gaseous carbon ... in Carbon Materials P Brian Me E naney 1 Introduction 1 2 Crystalline Forms of Carbon 3 3 The Phase and Transition Diagram for Carbon 12 4 CarbonFilms 14 5 Carbon...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 16:20

... commutator and it is of a very different form from Newton’s equation of motion for x or v x , which involves the force. On the other hand, Heisenberg’s equation is of the form of Hamilton’s equation of ... formulation complement each other and both are widely used. Although a great deal more can be said about the basic postulates and the for- malisms of quantum mech anics, the foundations for form ... condition are extremely useful tools for arriving at the expansion of state functions in different bases such as the form (2.28) and (2.29)or(2.28a)and(2.29a). For example, applying the unit operators (2.41)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:41

... applications [15–17]. For the gas-sensing materials, there are various approaches using CNTs as the solution such as CNTs for dispersion, CNTs for composite, CNTs for filling, CNTs for coating, etc ... in mole for ethanol-sensing properties. At appropriate annealing conditions, it has shown the formation of the solid solution from two components by the XRD pattern. All the film surfaces were uniform ... proposed by Wei et al. [27] seems to be reasonable for the explanation. This model was applied for SWCNTs-doped SnO 2 and somehow we can apply for our case. The model has been hypothesized that...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... ions for the modification. (c) Sensitivity for 0 s and 35 s. 476 C T. Hu et al. / Diamond & Related Materials 18 (2009) 472–477 Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition carbon nanotubes for ... amorphous carbon layers deposited on the surface, connecting with each other, which probably result from incomplete carbon atomic piling. When CNTs were treated for 5 and 20 s, the amorphous carbon domains ... 2008 Keywords: Carbon nanotubes Ethanol Conductance Gas sensor Adsorption Surface modification Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been fabricated by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for detecting...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:06

... mesoporous carbons (OMCs), carbon aerogels, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanohorns (CNHs), carbon nanocoils (CNCs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs). These new carbon materials can be prepared in form ... produced from ordered mesoporouscarbons, carbon aerogels, carbon nanotubes, carbonnanohorns, carbon nanocoils and carbon nanofibers. The challenge is to develop carbon supports with high surface ... performed to confirm the good long-term performance of the CNTs as a support for fuel cell catalysts. 3.3. Carbon nanohorns and nanocoils Carbon nanohorns and carbon nanocoils, as well as carbon nanotubes,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/04/2014, 22:32

... 33] . x Contents 4.3.2 Active Carbons and Chemically Activated Carbons 303 4.3.3 Amorphous Carbon 304 4.4 Highly Ordered Fullerenes, Carbon Nanotubes, and Carbon Nanohorns 305 4.4.1 Fullerenes ... stationary storage of nuclear energy in the form of solid hydride it was too heavy for storage of hydrogen for transportation energy. Anyway, the needs for cars pro- pelled by hydrogen fuel were ... itself solidly in place in early years of the new Millennium. 1.2.10 Historical Development of Nanocarbons and Carbon Nanotubes Concurrent stream of the development of nanomaterials for solid- state...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:37

... heat transfer during solid- state fermentation in packed bed bioreactors, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 60 (6) (1998) 739– 749. [22] P. Lüth, U. Eiben, Solid- state fermenter and method for solid- state fermentation, ... device, Biochemical Engineering Journal 13 (2003) 113–125 Bioreactor designs for solid state fermentation A. Durand ∗ Platform for Development in Biotechnology, UMR-INRA 1082 (IBQ), 17 Rue Sully, Dijon ... Communicating channels can deliver fluids for ster- ilising (with steam or ethylene oxide for example), for ad- justing the moisture and oxygen content and for extracting the compound of interest...

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 11:37

... can be used as a promising high-performance electrode for Li-ion batteries. Introduction Cobalt oxide (CoO x ) is a high-capacity electrode mate- rial for Li-ion batteries with a theoretical capacity ... 148:A576. 25. Yang SB, Song HH, Chen XH: Electrochemical performance of expanded mesocarbon microbeads as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochem Commun 2006, 8:137. doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-292 Cite ... R ct and C ct values for the CuNFs@CoO x were much smal- ler than those for CoO x TF. A considerable change in the sum of R SEI and R ct from 344 Ω was observed for CoO x TF to 96 Ω for CuNFs@CoO x ,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... using porous carbon materials (such as activated carbon) as electrode, and the electrical charge is electro- statically accumulated at the electrode /electrolyte interface [30–42]. Carbon aerogel ... aerogel (CA) or other types of carbon materials such as carbon black or carbon cloth are widely used in these supercapacitors. Generally, high surface area in carbon materials is characteristic ... unfavorable for the electrolyte wetting and rapid ionic motions, especially at high current loads. The combination of high surface area carbon aerogel with large specific capacity of oxide or polymer...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... chemosensors. For a few practical applications the attachment of the fluorescent units to a solid support has advantages like the possibility of recovering the materials for their repetitive use. For this ... sensors [12]. For other sensing materials [26, 27], the fluorescence enhancement selectiv- ity is not only for Zn(II) but also for Cd(II), which may reduce selectivity when they are used just for Zn(II) detection. ... enhancement for Zn(II) versus just minimal fluorescence enhancement for Cd(II) and Ni(II). From these results, it is evident that MWNTs- GNQ have a high selectivity to Zn(II). As for selectivity...

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