... affected. Those arguing for inclusion say that theConstitution does not mention “citizens”, but rather, in-structs that House apportionment be based on the “wholenumber of persons” residing in the ... Michael El-hadad. 1999. Information fusion in the context ofmulti-document summarization. In Proceedings of the37th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computa-tional Linguistics.David Carmel, ... docu-ments. Sets that cover disparate events and opinionsare likely to contain more words that appear in theinput only once.Type-token ratio is a measure of the lexical vari-ation in an input set...
... 230,000 English text messages (4 million words), 65,000 Spanish messages (2 million words), and 60,000 French messages (1 million words). These text messages were obtained in data collection projects ... chunks consisting of single paragraphs. For English, we obtained 210 million paragraphsand 13 billion words, for Spanish 160 millionparagraphs and 12 billion words, and for French44 million paragraphs ... compared.As an evaluation measure we use perplexity cal-culated on test sets consisting of in-domain text. The comparison is performed on FSTs of differ-ent sizes. The FSTs contain the acoustic...
... with an introduction, body and conclusion. Tenses should be used appropriately. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The flow chart below shows how national examination papers are marked ... Someland.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below. You should write at least 150 words.Your taskComplete the Task One report exercise above. Spend only 20 minutes.Then ... glance. Look for a starting point and follow through the stages in your mind before beginning to write. If it’s still not making sense, then go on to Task Two but make sure that you give yourself...
... interactions of students are during the lessons. Thus, class observations are conducted to clarify some information which the questionnaire cannot provide such as students’ real time -on- task ... The class observations were carried out in 3 stages: before the lesson, during the lesson and after the lesson.In before-lesson stage, the researcher focused on making contacts with the teacher ... solution to these problems. 3.4. ConclusionAs mentioned in this chapter, the researcher has collected information for the study from the three sources and discussed the results of the questionnaires,...
... regulations on SFS and defective accounts reflect the new provisions in section 146 of the 2006 Act on nomination of persons to enjoy information rights (paragraphs 7.3 and 7.5). 5 Regulation/Schedule ... million gross) £3.26 million net (or £3.9 million gross) Medium-sized company £22.8 million £11.4 million 250 £25.9 million £12.9 million £22.8 million net (or £27.36 million ... are no longer exempt from preparing group accounts. Regulations set out the basic form and content of 2006 Act accounts. Regulations set out the basic form and content of...
... estimates con-ditional probability densities for each class using39 Figure 3: Trial-averaged EEG data corresponding to the targetresponse (top) and distractor response (bottom) for a 1 secondwindow.Kernel ... in certain contexts, partic-ularly word-internally. In applications where text generation/typing speed is very slow, the impactof language modeling can become much more sig-nificant. BCI-spellers, ... novel communication environment for this popula-tion, especially persons with completely paralyzedvoluntary muscles (Wolpaw, 2007; Pfurtscheller etal., 2000). One possible application of BCI is...
... Session (Companion Volume), pages 13–16,Columbus, June 2008.c2008 Association for Computational LinguisticsDemonstration of the UAM CorpusTool fortext and image annotation Mick O’Donnell ... annotation layers). Searches can also retrieve segments “containing” segments. One can also search for segments containing a string. Where a lexicon is provided (currently only English), users can ... participantPARTICIPANTS-TYPEpersoncountryorganisationORGANISATION-TYPEcompanygovernmentunionother-organisationpolitical-partyFORMpropercommonpronominal Figure 2: Graphical Editing of the Tag Hierarchy 4 Annotation Windows When the user clicks on the button for a given text file/layer, an annotation window...
... Trans-ductions can be put in our RTNs. This can be used, for instance, to insert tags in texts and thereforeformalize relations between identified segments.This formalism allows for the construction ... 7 ConclusionThe Outilex platform in its current version pro-vides all fundamental operations fortext pro-cessing: processing without lexicon, lexicon andgrammar exploitation and LR ... based on unification grammars in the decorated WRTNformalism (Blanc and Constant, 2005). This for- malism combines WRTN formalism with func-tional equations on feature structures. Therefore,complex...
... holds similarities among contexts. The rows of CSMn correspond to the remaining contexts and the columns to the centroid-contexts. In this paper, the number of input contexts of row and column ... In formula 9, i) X is a remaining context, ii) {}mcccC , ,,21= is a category set, and iii) {}ncSSi, ,1=CCis a controid-contexts set of category ci. Each remaining context ... algorithms fortext categorization (Slonim et al., 2002). Nigam studied an Expected Maximization (EM) technique for combining labeled and unlabeled data fortext categorization in his dissertation....
... theoretical side focusing our attention on German CON- TRAST and CONCESSION markers; on the imple- mentational side, we have assembled a genera- tion testbed that allows for exploring the role of DiMLex ... subordinating conjunction, coordinating con- junction, preposition) determines the possibil- ities of positioning the marker within the con- stituent: conjunctives (especially the German 'Konjunktionaladverbien') ... relies on the stipulation that the former have their "own" meaning indepen- dent of the context in which they are used, whereas the latter assume meaning only in con- text. Then, content...
... structure of text is an essential task in text understanding, especially in resolving anaphora and ellipsis. One of the constituents of the text struc- ture is a text segment. A text segment, ... of text. However, VMP does not work well on a high-density text. The reason is that coherence of a segment should be determined not only by reiteration of words but also by lexical cohesion. ... gives the best correlation between LCP and segments. 287 TEXT SEGMENTATION BASED ON SIMILARITY BETWEEN WORDS Hideki Kozima Course in Computer Science and Information Mathematics, Graduate...
... Software (SysMan), designed to assist you with theinstallation,configuration,and administration of your Tru64 UNIXsystems .You can access SysMan applications through your choice of CDE,X Window display,command ... installationor through the CDE applications manager.➔AdministrationAdministration provides a simple,consistent,step-by-stepmethod for configuring your UNIX systems.The mostcommonly used ... are preconfigured.Configurations can also be saved for cloning additional systems,which is a great time-saving tool.And now with the sophisticatedEvent Manager ,you have a unified view of your...
... hydrophobic surfaces to aquire a dockingconformation for optimal electron transfer [14,32]. A strong,positive surface potential for the mitochondrial electrondonor, cytochrome c, is evident, while ... during the reaction. For analternative explanation to account for this phenomenon, wefind no evidence for a second cytochrome c binding site on oxidase.Keywords: Paracoccus denitrificans; cytochrome ... complex confirms the contribution ofadditional charge(s) located on the two further subunits ofthe native oxidase.In focussing on the main interaction domain on subunitII, we introduced additional...
... alphabet. Then, I want you to give me as many words youcan that begin with this letter, as quickly as possible. For example, if I say B, youcan say bed, big, but youcan t say proper nouns ... Conclusion: The performance of Brazilian elderly on the phonemic verbal fluency tests-FAS is significantly influenced by education, where individuals with higher educational level present better performance ... healthy young adults and found an influence of only education on FAS performance. Tallberg et al.30 provided normative data for the Swedish population on the FAS in 165 healthy individuals (16...