calculations of proliferation and estimates of size

... well. Effect of cytochalasin D on cell numbers, proliferation and pyknotic rates of GC cultured on LN substratumFigure 3 Effect of cytochalasin D on cell numbers, proliferation and pyknotic rates of GC ... ratios of LN and RGD peptidesFigure 6 Effect of anti-α6 IgG on cell numbers, proliferation and pyknotic rates of GC from small follicles cultured on sub- strata containing different ratios of LN and ... as described in legend of Figure 5. (a): numbers of cells at 144 h of culture; (b): proliferation rates of GC at 48 h of culture; (c): pyknotic rates of GC at 48 h of culture. Empty bars:...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 17:20

... the balance of expression of members of the Myc/Max/Mad network of proteins (see Fig 1) may dictate the response to loss of Myc (Walker et al 2005) In mice, the effects of deletion of the c-myc ... tuning of expression of Myc target genes and proteins (Baudino et al 2003) In the case of E2F1, there is evidence both that it mediates proliferation downstream of Myc (in B-lymphocytes) and that ... targets of Myc in cell proliferation and their proposed functions Control of Cell Proliferation and Growth by Myc Proteins 333 2003) There is clear evidence that this effect is direct and not...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 21:20

... Appendix 1: Calculations of proliferation and estimates of size Effect of reduced mitotic index on tumor diameter: At early time points, tumor growth is assumed to be exponential and described ... the number of melanoma cells at the end of the experiment, N is the number of melanoma cells at the onset of the experiment, k is the fraction of proliferating cells, t is the duration of the experiment ... the number of melanoma cells at the end of the experiment, N is the number of melanoma cells at the onset of the experiment, k is the fraction of proliferating cells, t is the duration of the experiment...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:50

... comparison of the lipid content of AtLCAT3transformed yeast and that of the void plasmid-transformed yeast showed a decrease (by a factor 2) of the PC, PE and PS contents and a strong increase of the ... allowing isolation of positive clones Two of the clones (211 and 314) were selected and sequenced, 314 was shown to be a full-length cDNA of 1691 bp encoding a polypeptide of 451 amino acids ... folding topology related to that of the catalytic domain of animal cytosolic PLA2s Mutagenesis confirmed the critical role of Ser77 and Asp215 in enzymatic activity and of His109 in enzyme stability...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... lungs of ApoE-/- mice Figure SIRT1 levels and activity, and eNOS level in lungs of ApoE-/- mice exposed to CS SIRT1 and eNOS levels were measured in lungs of WT and ApoE-/- mice exposed to CS (A and ... increased levels and activities of matrix metalloproteinases, and reduction of SIRT1 levels and activity as well as eNOS levels in lungs by CS MMPs, particularly increased levels of MMP-9 and MMP-12, ... the levels of proinflammatory mediators, such as MCP-1 and KC, which can recruit macrophages and neutrophils in the lung, were measured in lung homogenates of air- and CS-exposed WT and ApoE-/-...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... lungs of ApoE-/- mice Figure SIRT1 levels and activity, and eNOS level in lungs of ApoE-/- mice exposed to CS SIRT1 and eNOS levels were measured in lungs of WT and ApoE-/- mice exposed to CS (A and ... increased levels and activities of matrix metalloproteinases, and reduction of SIRT1 levels and activity as well as eNOS levels in lungs by CS MMPs, particularly increased levels of MMP-9 and MMP-12, ... the levels of proinflammatory mediators, such as MCP-1 and KC, which can recruit macrophages and neutrophils in the lung, were measured in lung homogenates of air- and CS-exposed WT and ApoE-/-...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:22

... enhancement of expression due to presence of the promoter (as expected) As a control, when selecting the same number of genes randomly from all of the documented S coelicolor operons and randomly ... methods These methods often use the presence of promoters and/ or terminators at the start and/ or end of an operon as signals to delineate operon boundaries, and clearly in the cases of S coelicolor ... f g h i Known operon Figure Examples of positive and control sets of operons/non-operons Examples of positive and control sets of operons/non-operons 5) and from the transcriptional unit annotation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 16:21

... clear bands on a background of uniform light blue staining Electrophoretic migration of MMP-13 in the supernatant was compared with known molecular weight standards and also with clear bands of MMP-13 ... Densitometric analysis Measurements of the scanned bands were performed using Un-Scan-It software Each band was scanned five times, and the mean band intensity (pixels per band) was obtained Data were ... for 45 minutes, and then the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK was determined by western blot analysis (b) Band images were digitally captured and the band intensities (pixels/band) were obtained...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... configuration of dsRNA structures undergoing site-specific editing Similarity of structures and location of editing sites in coding sequences of Gabra-3 and GluR-B, and non-coding sequences of pri-miR-376c ... editing status of miR-376 cluster in gliomas and identify candidate miRNAs for characterization of altered A-to-I miRNA editing Analysis of functional consequences of aberrant editing of candidate ... involvement of miRNAs in regulation of developmental pathways and differentiation of cells At least three features of miRNA genomics and expression support a role for miRNAs in cancers: Location of human...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:28

... causing activation of Bax and Bak [23] Regulation of Bcl-2 family members can occur by a number of mechanisms, including up-regulation of synthesis, enhancement of degradation and phosphorylation ... level of Bcl-2 family genes and the phosphorylation state of their proteins, thereby changing the amount and localization of Bcl-2 family members However, each type of cancer has its own way of ... ⁄ and the PI3K ⁄ Akt pathways results, in turn, in the inactivation of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (e.g PUMA, Bax, Bim and Bad), Fas, and CDK inhibitors (e.g p27KIP1, p21WAF1 and p15INK4b), and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... the presence of cytokines Natural ligands of ICAM- 1and LFA-1 are expressed on the surface of T and B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes [33], and interaction ... activity of ERK, p38 and SAPK ⁄ JNK, the three major members of the MAPK family, in LPS-treated SCs Briefly, as illustrated in Fig 5A, phosphorylation of p38 and SAPK ⁄ JNK appeared at 30 min, and ... phosphorylated ERK, p38 and JNK (p-ERK, p-p38 and p-JNK) and total ERK, p38 and JNK (tERK, tp38 and tJNK) (B) The ratio of phosphorylated to total ERK (p44 ⁄ 42), p38 and JNK at each time point The data...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... ÔStainsAllÕ analysis of Fig and the 1D immunoblotting of Fig As the full-length Dp427 isoform of dystrophin does not enter the second dimension of conventional 2D gels, the expression level of a-dystroglycan ... listed in Table The pH values of the first dimension gel system and molecular mass standards (in kDa) of the second dimension are indicated at the top and on the left of the panels, respectively ... pattern and often result in a streaky spot pattern Therefore, silverstained 2D patterns of muscle proteins probably overestimate the presence of soluble proteins and underestimate the expression of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... Rb and Egr-1, in order to determine how the incorporation of EPA and DHA modulate SMC proliferation This article describes the differing effects of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs on the proliferation of SMC ... control of SMC proliferation 4466 S Bousserouel et al (Eur J Biochem 271) Modulation of cyclin D1 synthesis and hyperphosphorylation of Rb by n-3 and n-6 PUFAs Induction of cyclin D1 is one of the ... Modulation of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and retinoblastoma protein (Rb) phosphorylation after supplementation with n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (A,B) Effects of n-3 and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... representative TEM images of mitochondria in eWAT (Figures 2A and 2B) and iBAT (Figures 2C and 2D), respectively, and the analyses of mitochondria number (Figure 2E) and area (Figure 2F) In the ... The number and area of mitochondria in the eWAT and iBAT A-B Representative TEM images of eWAT C-D Representative TEM images of iBAT (Arrows point to mitochondria) E: The analysis of mitochondrial ... on our understanding of the adverse effects of particulate air pollution on cardiometabolic diseases, especially in the context of obesity and insulin resistance Xu et al Particle and Fibre Toxicology...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... date, four isoforms of PDK (PDK1–4) and two isoforms of PDP (PDP1–2) have been identified in humans [3–5] These isoforms display unique tissue distribution [3–5] and varied kinetic and regulatory ... Regulation of hPDK2 and hPDK4 gene expression Table The effects of PPAR a, d and c agonists on PDK2 and PDK4 transcript abundance expressed as a percentage of basal levels Results are the means ± SEM of ... 50 pmol of each gene-specific primer, ng of double-stranded cDNA, dNTPs (200 lm), buffers and 0.5 U of Expand High Fidelity Polymerase (Roche Diagnostics Ltd, Lewes, UK) in a final volume of 100...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20