calculation of limit based on toxicity

... configurations of our clustering approach, in order to determine how consistent the selected value of k is in the face of changing feature sets and context representations The four configurations ... distribution based on interpreting P K1 as a z-score, although Mojena makes it clear that he views this method as an “operational rule” that is not based on any distributional assumptions He suggests ... P K1 measure is based on (Mojena, 1977), which finds clustering solutions for all values of k from N , and then determines the mean and standard deviation of the criterion function Then, a score...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... low-resolution experiments [31] The conflicting results from published studies on PS topology illustrate the limitations of low-resolution experiments In this study we have used computational prediction ... true TM regions The debate questions which of HRVII–X are true TM regions, and also the location of the N- and C-termini It is impossible to produce a membrane topology model that concurs with ... & Simon I (2001) The HMMTOP transmembrane topology prediction server Bioinformatics 17, 849–850 44 Jones DT, Taylor WR & Thornton JM (1994) A model recognition approach to the prediction of all-helical...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... the document context condition, and t(9) = 1.97, p = 0.08 for the annotation errors in the sentence context condition 1162 experimental condition document condition sentence condition complexity ... first second (mainly used for orientation and identification of the annotation phrase) Figure 1: Schematic visualization of the sub-areas of an annotation example Table reveals that on average only ... different contexts In the document context condition the whole newspaper article was shown as annotation example, while in the sentence context condition only the sentence containing the annotation phrase...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... Creation of Literature Abstracts IBM Journal for Research and Development, 2(2):159-165 ~ ~ { ~ K Ono, K Sumita, and S Miike 1994 Abstract Generation based on Rhetorical Structure Extraction In ... for Automating Concordance Line Selection In Proceedings of NeMLaP, pages 95-100 H P Ednmndson 1969 New Methods in Automatic Extracting Journal of the ACM, 16(2):264-285 T Givon 1979 From Discourse ... ~ References R Brandow, K Mitze, and L F Rau 1995 Automatic Condensation of Electric Publications by Sentence Selection Information Processing &' Management, 31(5):675-685 1446 100 ~,~ ' , _...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... the passage of water through the bulk carries with it a high concentration of sodium to the surface, where it then carbonates A selection of typical powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the starting ... aspects of the polymerisation mechanism and structure of products based on polysialate siloxo (PSS) units containing Na For this purpose, a number of compositions of various oxide molar ratios ... presence of monovalent cations such as Na or K Some of the details of polysialate formation and technology are still not fully understood The purpose of this work is to elucidate aspects of the...

Ngày tải lên: 30/05/2014, 12:08

... Solution of the growth equations of a sector of a polymer crystal including consideration of the changing size of the crystal Polymer 1988; 29:1755–1760 16 Padden FJ and Keith HD Crystallization ... by means of electron and atomic force microscopy His special field of interest is the study of toughness enhancement and of the mechanisms of deformation and fracture in polymers based on nanostructure ... availability of the monodisperse long alkanes Observations of the growth of polyethylene lamellae in row structures have made explicit the reorganization of fold surfaces implicit in kinetically controlled...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:26

... quality of side reconstruction (reconstruction from only one description) Alternatively, a smaller quantization step results in higher-quality side reconstruction The quality of the two-channel reconstruction ... obtain the reconstruction of the original sequence We term the reconstruction from one description, for example, Description 1, as side reconstruction (reconstruction from Description is symmetrical) ... descriptions), and by D1 and D2 the side distortions (distortions when reconstructing from only one description) In case of balanced descriptions, D1 = D2 Denote as Ds the distortion of the video...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... yassa eht gnimrofrep erofeb tsuj gm ot dezilamron dna )ASU ,ecreiP( tik yassa nietorp ACB a gnisu derusaem erew elpmas hcae fo snoitartnecnoc nietorp latoT sisylana tneuqesbus rof Co02− ta derots ... lacigolonummi gnignahcxe yltnatsnoc era yehT dnah rehto eht no snegitna latnemnorivne suouconni ot noitcaer lacigolonummi elbarisednu morf dna ,dnah eno no snoitcefni morf tsoh eht gnitcetorp rof ... noisrev( margorp 2002 lecxE gnisu noisserger raenil rof ecnairav fo sisylana yb ecnacifingis lacitsitats rof denimaxe erew selpmas deriap rof 001 × 2r noitanimreted fo tneiciffeoc dna r tneiciffeoc...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... types of problems (Merryl, 1998) Thermal overloads Limitation Voltage stability Limitation Voltage limitation Power generated Limitation Reactive power generated Limitation Load Power Limitation Based ... indication of transfer capability Identification time-variant conditions, synchronous power transfers, and parallel flows Considering the dependence on points of injection / extraction Considering ... 2004 Liu, Y H.; Watson, N R.; Arrillaga, J “A New Concept for the Control of the Harmonic Content of Voltage Source Converters”, The Fifth International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... 14 million units of butter) to alternative D (9,000 guns and million units of butter), the opportunity cost of the additional 4,000 units of gun production is the million less units of butter ... utilization of resources and an absence of growth, additional gun production is possible only when the output of butter is decreased Points on a production-possibility frontier are considered to ... statements of reality In the statement “consumption is a function of disposable income,” consumption is the dependent variable Graphs provide a visual representation of the relationship between...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... million units of food is thousand units of clothing The opportunity cost of a second and third additional million units is 2,000 and 3,000 units of clothing, respectively b The opportunity cost of ... opportunity cost of increasing food production from to million units? c Explain how the shape of the production-possibility frontier implies increasing costs for the production of clothing Figure ... 12 PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS Solution: a In increasing food production from to million units, production of clothing decreases from 16,000 to 15,000 units Thus, the opportunity cost of producing...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... spending A consumption function is the relationship of consumption to disposable income, holding nonincome determinants of consumption constant Figure 4-1 plots the consumption function for a hypothetical ... downward shifts of the consumption function Shifts of the consumption function affect the level of consumption and saving The 45Њ line in Figure 4-1 is equidistant from both the consumption and disposable ... point on this 45Њ line For linear consumption function CЈ, there is only one level of disposable income at which consumer spending equals disposable income, and that is the point of intersection of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... autonomous consumption is unrelated to income, autonomous consumption is $50 for all levels of income Induced consumption is the amount of consumption that depends upon the receipt of income Consumption ... this consumption equation and label it CЈ c Use the plotted consumption function to find saving when disposable income is $400, $500, and $600 d What amount of consumption for consumption function ... $30—the amount of saving d Autonomous consumption is the amount consumed when disposable income is In Figure 4-2, autonomous consumption is $50, the amount consumed when the consumption line CЈ intersects...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... Functions of Money Financial Instruments and Markets Creation of M1 Money Supply Federal Reserve System Monetary Tools Open-Market Operations True or False Questions Solved Problems Functions of Money ... recessionary gap exists Will Congress and the administration agree on CHAPTER 6: Fiscal Policy 61 an immediate course of action? In reality, an action lag is likely to occur because of conflicting ... policies for economic reasons or for purely political reasons A discretionary fiscal action has a multiplier effect upon the equilibrium level of output The size of the multiplier depends upon whether...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... Capital Accumulation ✔ Supply-Side Economics ✔ True or False Questions ✔ Solved Problems Concept of Economic Growth Economic growth is concerned with the expansion of an economy’s ability to ... predictability of a money supply change has centered around the velocity of money (average circulation of a unit of money in the economy) and its variability When the demand for money and/or the ... decrease A money supply change, however, has a short action lag since the Fed, unlike Congress, can respond quickly to changing economic conditions Thus, in spite of its longer impact lag, monetary...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... restrictions, oftentimes at the expense of other groups Balance of Payments The balance of payments is a yearly summary statement of a nation’s transactions with the rest of the world The balance of ... Solution: a A rough measure of the degree of interdependence of a nation with the rest of the world is given by the value of its exports as a percentage of its GDP 94 PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS ... important for national defense Most of the arguments are invalid and are based on misconceptions CHAPTER 10: International Trade and Finance 91 You Need to Know Trade restrictions are often supported...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... all units of water consumed are identical we pay the same low price on all other units of water consumed On the other hand, we purchase so few diamonds that the MU of the last diamond purchased ... 6Y because MU x of 12 utils MU y of utils > Px of $1 Py of $1 CHAPTER 11: Theory of Consumer Demand and Utility 103 and she is spending only $8 of her $10 income Since the second dollar spent ... economic or pure profit Don’t Forget Both explicit and implicit costs must be considered any time we are considering the true economic costs of a project The law of diminishing returns is one of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... Price Discrimination Regulation of Monopoly True or False Questions Solved Problems Monopoly Defined Pure monopoly is the form of market organization in which there is a single seller of a commodity ... cost conditions (such as constant returns to scale) that make the existence of perfect competition feasible, the dissolution of a monopoly (by government antitrust action) into a large number of ... category of monopolistic competition in terms of market organization Profit Maximization The monopolistic competitor faces a demand curve which is negatively sloped (because of product differentiation)...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... through the imposition of high initiation fees and long apprenticeships and requirements that employers hire only union members This is done primarily by craft unions (i.e., unions of such skilled ... Solution: a The market supply of labor depends on the population size, the proportion of the population in the labor force, and the state of the economy In general, the larger the population and ... be produced under conditions of perfect competition (because their cost of production would be prohibitively high) In addition, oligopolists spend a great deal of their profits on research and development,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... our observation that the operational definitions of intention in terms of action and context for the prediction of behaviour were generally more precise in other healthcare professional samples ... health professionals [86,87], psychologists [35], social workers [91], and a mix of different professions [84,89,92,93] Among studies of physicians' intention, the prediction of intention related ... the strength of association between intention and behaviour among healthcare professionals, but based on the review of ten prospective studies, they concluded that this association was similar...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:21