c primer plus sixth edition

... in this construction. Listing 4.16 uses new to create an unnamed structure and demonstrates both pointer notations for accessing structure members. Listing 4.16 newstrct.cpp // newstrct.cpp _ using ... memory is allocated during runtime, not during compilation. Incidentally, because classes are much like structures, you are able to use the techniques you learn for structures with classes, too. ... new with structures has two parts: creating the structure and accessing its members. To create a structure, use the structure type with new. For example, to create an unnamed structure of the

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... difference for the increment operator Listing 5.7 plus_ one.cpp // plus_ one.cpp the increment operator #include using namespace std; int main() This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, ... document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, please go to http://www.bisenter.com to register it. Thanks. cin >> int toad; // can't combine declaration with cin Similarly, you can't ... keeping track of the number of loop cycles. However, it can be any valid C+ + expression, as can This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, please go to http://www.bisenter.com to register

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... accurate than "alphabetically." This means that characters are compared according to the system code for characters. For example, in ASCII code, all uppercase letters have smaller codes ... operators to compare strings, you can use them to compare characters, because characters actually are integer types. So, for (ch = 'a'; ch <= 'z'; ch++) cout << ch; is ... the code assumes the system uses the ASCII character code set. In this set, the codes for the letters a through z are consecutive, and the code for the ? character immediately precedes the code

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... char ch; int count = 0; // use basic input cin >> ch; // get a character while (ch != '#') // test the character { cout << ch; // echo the character count++; // count ... textin2.cpp using cin.get(char) #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { char ch; int count = 0; cin.get(ch); // use the cin.get(ch) function while (ch != '#') { cout ... count the character cin >> ch; // get the next character } cout << "\n" << count << " characters read\n"; return 0; } This document was created by

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... next input character, including spaces, newlines, and tabs, so it can be used as follows: ch = cin.get(); The cin.get(char) member function call reports encountering the end-of-file condition ... skips over spaces, newlines, and tabs. The member function call cin.get(ch); reads the next input character, regardless of its value, and places it in ch. The member function call cin.get() returns ... text files character-by-character. The istream class provides several ways to do this. If ch is a type char variable, the statement cin >> ch; reads the next input character into ch. However,

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... Character Functions C+ + has inherited from C a handy package of character-related functions, prototyped in the cctype header... returns the uppercase version of that character; otherwise, it ... topics from this and the preceding chapter. Listing 6.5 and.cpp // and.cpp use logical AND operator #include <iostream> using namespace std; const int ArSize = 6; int main() { This document ... case label1 : statement(s) case label2 : statement(s) default : statement(s) } A C+ + switch statement acts as a routing device that tells the computer which line... an unregistered ChmMagic,

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... using characters instead of integers as menu choices and switch labels. Then, you could use both an uppercase and a lowercase label for the same statements: char choice; cin >> choice; while ... a series of choices The C+ + switch statement directs the program to a particular case in a list of choices C+ + also provides operators to help in decision making Chapter 5 discusses the relational ... more efficient choice in terms of code size and execution speed, unless there are only a couple of alternatives from which to choose. Tip This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, please

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... run: Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Give me a number: 5 A 5-foot cube has a volume of 125 cubic feet. Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Cheers! Note that main() calls ... following: The compiler correctly handles the function return value. The compiler checks that you use the correct number of function arguments. The compiler checks that you use the correct type of ... place during compile time and is termed static type checking. Static type checking, as we've just seen, catches many errors that are much more difficult to catch during runtime. Function Arguments

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... slightly): Cannot modify a const object in function show_array(const double *,int) The message reminds us that C+ + interprets the declaration const double ar[] to mean const double *ar. Thus, the declaration ... you can use neither g_earth nor pe to change the value 9.80 C+ + doesn't allow the second case for a simple reason—if you can assign the...This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, ... the fill_array() function is able to do its job. To keep a function from accidentally altering the contents of an array argument, you can use the keyword const (discussed in Chapter 3, "Dealing

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... given character appears in a string. Listing 7.9 strgfun.cpp // strgfun.cpp functions with a string argument #include <iostream> using namespace std; int c_ in_str(const char * str, char ch); ... function counts the number of ch characters // in the string str int c_ in_str(const char * str, char ch) { int count = 0; while (*str) // quit when *str is '\0' { if (*str == ch) ... strgback.cpp // strgback.cpp a function returning a pointer to char This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, please go to http://www.bisenter.com to register it. Thanks. #include

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... structure and let the function work with the original data. A C+ + function can be recursive; that is, the code for a particular function can include a call of itself. The name of a C+ + function ... distinction between... the three forms a C- style string can take in a C+ + program? 8: Write a function that has this prototype: int replace(char * str, char c1 , char c2 ); Have the function replace ... Historically, one school of thought maintains that because pf is a pointer to a function, *pf is a function; hence, you should use (*pf)() as a function call. A second school maintains that because

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... to write C macros. Rather, it is to suggest that if you have been using C macros to perform function-like services, consider converting them to C+ + inline functions. Reference Variables C+ + adds ... variable in the calling program. This method of passing arguments is called passing by reference. Passing by reference allows a called function to access variables in the calling function. C+ +'s ... reference change allegiance from a rats variable to a bunnies variable. Listing 8.3 secref.cpp This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, please go to http://www.bisenter.com to register

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... to increase program efficiency. You save the time and space needed to copy a structure or a class design. Make the pointer or reference const. If the data object is a class object, use a const ... avoid such confusion, when it checks function signatures, the compiler considers a reference to a type and the type itself to be the same signature. The function matching process does discriminate ... 32767). The first approach copies the "Hi!" into an array of 32767 characters, setting all but the first three characters to the null character. The second approach copies "Hi!"

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... Windows compiler. You start by selecting File, New Project. You are then given a choice of project types. For CodeWarrior, choose MacOS :C/ C++:ANSI C+ + Console in older versions, or MacOS :C/ C++:Standard ... Console:Std C+ + Console in mid-vintage versions, or MacOS C+ + Stationery:Mac OS Carbon:Standard Console :C+ + Console Carbon. (You can make other valid choices; for example, you might opt for Classic ... Classic instead of Carbon or C+ + Console Carbon Altivec instead of plain C+ + Console Carbon.) CodeWarrior supplies a small source code file as part of the initial project. You can try compil- ing...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 12:20

... For example, compiling and linking a source code file called concrete .c produces a file called concrete.exe. Some compilers provide an option to create an executable named concrete.com instead. ... The compile command would look like this: 8 C Primer Plus 5th Edition 8 Recall that the compiler is a program whose job is to convert source code into executable code. Executable code ... numbers; each character has a numeric code. The instructions that a computer loads into its registers are stored as numbers; each instruction in the instruction set has a numeric code. Second, computer...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 13:32

... functions you use from the library (see Figure 1.4). 12 C PRIMER PLUS FIGURE 1.4 Compiler and linker. concrete .c concrete.obj concrete.exe source code Compiler object code library code executable ... executable file, which appends the .EXE exten- sion to the original source code basename. For example, compiling and linking a source code file called concrete .c produces a file called concrete.exe. ... 1.5 Preparing a C program using Unix. name .c a.out source code enter source code Compiler executable code run program by typing filename a.out Text Editor What about the object code? The cc compiler creates...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:13

... C+ +, a class is a specification describing such a new data form, and an object is a par- ticular data structure constructed according to that plan. For example, a class could describe the general ... including New C Primer Plus, which received the Computer Press Association’s 1990 Best How-to Computer Book Award, and C+ + Primer Plus, nominated for the Computer Press Association’s Best How-to Computer ... C+ + adds object-oriented concepts to the C language n How C+ + adds generic programming concepts to the C language n Programming language standards n The mechanics of creating a program We l come...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 23:43

... Fourth Edition of C+ + Primer Plus reflects the ISO/ANSI standard and describes this matured version of C+ +. C+ + Primer Plus integrates discussing the basic C language with presenting C+ + features, ... you'll meet the cctype library of functions for evaluating character relations, such as testing whether a character is a digit or a nonprinting character. Chapter 7: Functions ?C+ +'s Programming ... base class code. This chapter discusses public inheritance, which models is-a relationships, meaning that a derived object is a special case of a base object. For example, a physicist is a special...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20

... between C and C+ + programs. Table 1.1. Source Code Extensions C+ + Implementation Source Code Extension UNIX AT&T C, cc, cxx, c GNU C+ + C, cc, cxx, cpp Symantec cpp, cp Borland C+ + cpp Watcom cpp Microsoft ... implemented C+ + with a C+ +-to -C compiler program instead of developing a direct C+ +-to-object code compiler. This program, called cfront (for C front end), translated C+ + source code to C source code, ... the CC command to compile your program. The name is in uppercase letters to distinguish it from the standard UNIX C compiler cc. The CC compiler is a command-line compiler, meaning you type compilation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 06:20