biosensors based on s layer technology

... optoelectronics, sensors, transducers, energy conversion and medical sciences This thesis relates specifically to biosensor technology and pertains more particularly to novel biosensors based on multifunctional ... conditions, as long as the diffusion layer thickness is much less than the hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness This is applicable to stirred aqueous solutions For un-stirred (i.e pure solutions) ... biochemical sensors and optical devices In this thesis ZnO nanorods are used as electrochemical biosensors to detect bio/chemical species in extra and intracellular measurements 1.3 Biosensors based on...

Ngày tải lên: 09/05/2014, 18:00

... requirements, packet loss may happen All SSs should share the packet loss to avoid the SSs with deteriorated channel condition suffering from more serious QoS degradation So, BS chooses to serve the SS ... considers the types of service flows (SFs) QoS and MCS, thus embodies the idea of cross -layer design b) Our semi-reservation scheme considers both users’ handoff probability and average resource ... transmission can be extend to the downlink transmission as well For an non-UGS uplink connection Cm,x,y, suppose its data arrival follows Poisson process with rate l m,x,y packets per second,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... two subsections the application of smart textiles based on FBG sensors and on intensity modulated FOSs are described 3.1 Smart Textiles Based on FBG Sensors: Medical Applications FBG is one of ... we focus on sensors based on the fiber Bragg grating technology and on intensity -based FOSs The next subsections describe the working principle of these sensors with a brief description of their ... should address the robustness of these textiles against stress and washing cycles or their sterilizability The advantage is that FOSs are intrinsically safer than conventional sensors as they not...

Ngày tải lên: 15/08/2015, 01:36

... authors In this theories [3], dissolution of the solid aluminosilicate source by alkaline hydrolysis produces aluminate and silicate species The dissolution of solid particles at the surface results ... chemical compositions of various fly ashes show a wide range, depend on the type of coal Fly ash consists primarily of oxides of silicon, aluminum, iron and calcium Magnesium, potassium, sodium, titanium, ... results in the liberation of aluminate and silicate most likely in monomeric form into solution This is the mechanism responsible for conversion of the solid particles during geopolymerization Once...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2013, 22:46

... LECTURE SLIDES ON NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING BASED ON LECTURES GIVEN AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CAMBRIDGE, MASS DIMITRI P BERTSEKAS These lecture slides are based on the book: “Nonlinear ... CHOICES OF STEPSIZE II • Constant stepsize: αk is such that αk = s : a constant • Diminishing stepsize: αk → but satisfies the infinite travel condition ∞ αk = ∞ k=0 GRADIENT METHODS WITH ERRORS xk+1 ... the smallest and largest eigenvalues of the Hessian of h, which is ∇2 h(y) = S 2 f (x )S = (Dk )1/2 Q(Dk )1/2 • It is desirable to choose Dk as close as possible to Q−1 Also if Dk is so chosen,...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 17:15

... funny fear On his face is Ilsa herself is not as self-possessed as she tries to appear There is something behind this, some mystery ILSA Hello, Sam SAM Hello, Miss Ilsa I never expected to see you ... Renault jumps to his feet as Strasser enters RENAULT Excuse me Ah, Major Mademoiselle Lund, Monsieur Laszlo, may I present Major Heinrich Strasser Strasser bows and smiles pleasantly STRASSER How ... cheerful disposition On any occasion when MAJOR STRASSER is crossed, his expression hardens into iron Herr Heinze steps up to him with upraised arm HEINZE Heil Hitler STRASSER Heil Hitler They shake...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 16:20

... observations of teachers, although he states that it is applicable to service professions in general He also based his findings on the results of in-depth interviews with sixty psychotherapists (psychiatrists, ... communication processes Based on measuring techniques, at times quantitative (statistical techniques based on unit counts), at times qualitative (logical techniques based on a combination of categories), ... ones (reasonable progress has been made in this case) Subjects of this type focus on negative aspects and feel frustrated with their working conditions, owing both to lack of resources (personal...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... Nevertheless, our results show that the ZnO layer leads to an increased h Conclusions In conclusion, Ag 2S quantum dot-sensitized TiO2 nanotube array photoelectrodes were successfully achieved using a simple ... Ag 2S that can induce a higher photocurrent density This result is consistent with the observed UV-vis absorption spectra shown in Figure Similar results have been obtained in CdS-sensitized QDSSCs ... Quantum-sized PbS, CdS, Ag 2S, Sb 2S3 , and Bi 2S3 particles as sensitizers for various nanoporous wide-bandgap semiconductors J Phys Chem 1994, 98:3183-3188 11 Lee H, Leventis HC, Moon SJ, Chen P, Ito S, ...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... the connections of the same MS into a traffic burst for transmission because the connections of the same MS get the same channel condition Thus, for uplink transmission, the BS allocates the ... the connections with unsolicited grant service (UGS) because UGS is a constant bit rate service; therefore, the BS reserves the bandwidth of UGS connections in advance Each connection issues the ... simulations consist of three kinds of delivery classes: rtPs, nrtPs, and BE, with different QoS parameters Each delivery class and its associated QoS parameters are stated in two scenarios, as shown...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... bipolar battery is significantly less, but a second and even greater potential saving is in the assembly operations (see Figs 10 and 11 which show the process schemes for the assembly of monopolar and ... Kurisawa et al [5] A schematic diagram of the test set-up used in this study is shown in Fig and utilises a whole bipolar plate of the type shown in Fig 2.6 Miscellaneous Cross-sections of plates ... batteries containing Ebonex® bipolar plates have also backed up these tests and the corresponding results are presented and discussed below 3.2 Plate porosity testing The bipolar plate acts as an...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 20:21

... io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf ... r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf ... r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf r p io g z Ps z z le Pf...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:18

... but was proved seventy years ago [1] The proof of the “only if” part in Theorem(2.3) is not difficult and short G .S Shephard first considers the case of positive coefficients, which is already sufficient ... Minkowski sum Definition 2.1: Let K1 , K2 ⊂ Rn be two subsets of the Euclidean space Rn Their Minkowski sum is defined as K1 + K2 = {X + Y : X ∈ K1 , Y ∈ K2 } The Minkowski sum is obviously commutative, ... (relatively simple) fact that the convolution of logconcave sequences is also logconcave was proved in [3] in 1949 We present in this paper a short proof of Theorem(1.1) The Minkowski sum and the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:21

... Schaum s Easy Outline: Trigonometry Schaum s Easy Outline: Business Statistics Schaum s Easy Outline: Principles of Accounting Schaum s Easy Outline: Applied Physics Schaum s Easy Outline: Biology Schaum s ... SCHAUM S Easy OUTLINES PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS Other Books in Schaum s Easy Outlines Series Include: Schaum s Easy Outline: Calculus Schaum s Easy Outline: College Algebra Schaum s Easy Outline: ... Production-Possibility Frontier Principle of Increasing Costs Scarcity and the Market System True or False Questions Solved Problems Methodology of Economics Economics is a social science that studies individuals...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... ECONOMICS come on this commodity Even if the price of salt were to rise substantially, households would reduce their purchases of salt little b The demand for stereos is elastic because stereos ... elastic or inelastic? Why? Solution: a The demand for salt is inelastic because there are no good substitutes for salt and households spend a very small portion of their total in- 24 PRINCIPLES ... goods and services wanted, can concentrate its energies and time in the production of only a few goods and services in which its efficiency is greatest Thus, specialization and division of labor...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... ✔ Consumption Investment Net Exports Government Taxes and Expenditures ✔ True or False Questions ✔ Solved Problems Consumption Because consumption represents two-thirds of total aggregate spending ... Terms of Use 38 PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS is largely determined by personal income, income taxes, consumer expectations, consumer indebtedness, wealth, and price level Since consumption is impossible ... consumption function CЈ to CЉ in Figure 4-1 results We now find that at disposable income of $500 billion, consumption exceeds disposable income, i.e., consumers are dissaving (Consumers can dissave by...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... disposable income is Since autonomous consumption is unrelated to income, autonomous consumption is $50 for all levels of income Induced consumption is the amount of consumption that depends upon ... consumption is the amount consumed when disposable income is In Figure 4-2, autonomous consumption is $50, the amount consumed when the consumption line CЈ intersects the vertical axis and disposable ... sales should increase as consumers become more confident; builders would construct more new housing to meet this increased demand b Investment demand should shift downward Businesses’ purchases...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... information purposes 66 PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS Depository institutions (commercial banks, savings and loan associations, and credit unions) borrow savers’ money balances and lend them to individuals, ... businesses, or government By pooling the funds of many small savers and investing in a diversified portfolio of financial instruments, these institutions reduce the transaction costs and risks associated ... drawn upon itself The Federal Reserve controls the banking system s ability to issue checkwriting deposits by imposing a reserve requirement on checking deposits U .S bank reserves consist of currency...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... operation of the economy? Solution: An economic system is judged efficient when it achieves maximum use of economic resources and maximum satisfaction of consumer wants Financial instruments and institutions ... out loans to pay for major purchases Business investment—purchases of new buildings and equipment—is also interest sensitive Thus, as depicted below, a Fed increase in the money supply should ... funds borrowed from savers is used by business firms to add to the economy s capital stock This increases productive capacity d Since the profit motive guides the operation of financial institutions,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... fixed-exchange-rate system known as the Bretton Woods System Under this system, the U .S faced large and chronic deficits, which it was justifiably unwilling to correct by domestic deflation or direct controls on ... higher wages necessarily mean higher labor costs This is not true if the higher U .S wages are based on even higher labor productivity Restrictions on U .S imports to reduce U .S unemployment is a beggar-thy-neighbor ... commodities increases Import restrictions are required to protect the nation s labor against foreign competition A nation has a surplus in its balance of payments if its total credits exceed its total...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... Production Costs In This Chapter: ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Explicit and Implicit Costs Short-Run Costs Long-Run Costs True or False Questions Solved Problems Explicit and Implicit Costs In this chapter we concentrate ... proportion, giving decreasing returns to scale or increasing costs Increasing returns to scale or economies of mass production may result because of division of labor and specialization in production ... the sixth dollar spent to purchase the sixth unit of Y, the individual should spend more on X and less on Y As she buys more X, the consumer moves down her diminishing MUx schedule As she buys...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22