biological treatment of industrial wastes mutant bacteria

... the Advanced Biological Treatment Brief, in this series Table below outlines the key categories of biological treatment Table 3: Biological Treatment options Options Biological Treatment I II ... landfill The aim of this guide is to provide impartial information about the range of technologies referred to as Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) MBT technologies are pretreatment technologies ... incorporate a number of different processes in a variety of combinations Additionally, MBT plant can be built for a range of purposes This section provides an overview of the range of techniques employed...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 01:21

... treatment should be utilized in order to increase the level of treatment 5.6.2 Biological Treatment The biological treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater includes both aerobic and anaerobic treatment ... neutralization before biological treatment Thus, neutralization/pH adjustment of the waste prior to the biological system is a very important treatment unit for the biological treatment of pharmaceutical ... removal of TCMP by ozone/hydrogen peroxide, biological pretreatment of the wastewater for the removal of other biodegradable organics is crucial It has been concluded that biological pretreatment of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 14:20

... Ali, H.I., The Significance of Power Input in the Testing and Biological Treatment of Industrial Wastewater, Treatment and Disposal of Liquid and Solid Industrial Wastes, edited by K Curi, Pergamon ... maximum rate of metabolism However, under these conditions, the settling characteristic of biomass is poor because of their dispersed O2 O2 DISPOSITION OF ASSIMILATED BOD BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER ... Possible kinds of interactions between two hypothetical toxicants, A and B © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER solid, liquid or gaseous The application of biological...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

... Cleanup of released hazardous substances Recycling, reuse, diversion, destruction, or segregation of reactive wastes Dredging or excavations Collection of leachate and runoff On-site treatment ... Chapter Environmental Hazardous Wastes 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Introduction Classification of Hazardous Pollutants Sources of Hazardous Waste Contaminated Media of Hazardous Wastes 2.4.1 Groundwater 2.4.2 ... effects of PCBs on health and the environment begin to be understood PCBs are of significant concern because of their property of bioaccumulation The chemical is absorbed into the tissue of humans...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... source of hazardous waste, with 742.6 million pounds of on-site releases, 342.2 million pounds of air emissions, 106 million pounds of surface water discharges, and 215.8 million pounds of underground ... combustion, formation of more toxic products in the ash, and emission of hazardous air pollutants Typical sources of contamination from the contaminated sites of the Department of Defense (DOD) are ... 11, 2003 11:34 AM 32 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes GASEOUS PV K KÓ SOLID NAPL KÕ KH S AQUEOUS FIGURE 2.4 Schematic of contamination phases of NAPL in soil 2.4.1 Groundwater Groundwater...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... 11:39 AM 56 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes • Ex situ physical/chemical treatment — Ex situ treatment generally requires excavation of soil or pumping of groundwater — processes ... specific type of hazardous waste 3.4.1 Nature of Pollutants It is well documented that the structure of organic pollutants and speciation of inorganic pollutants determine the effectiveness of treatment ... Cheremisinoff, P.C., Ed., Encyclopedia of Environmental Control Technology, Vol 1: Thermal Treatment of Hazardous Waste, Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX, 1989 Cheremisinoff, P.C., Ed., Encyclopedia of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... (time)–1(concentration)1–n, the unit of the rate constant of a zero-order reaction is (time)–1(concentration) The rate of zero-order reaction is independent of the concentration of the reactant, which is often encountered ... biological treatment facilities and can be used in the bioremediation of contaminated sites As a disinfecting agent, it is used in the control of undesirable biofilm growth For the treatment of ... FIGURE 4.4 Effect of pH on the second-order rate constant for the dismutation of superoxide (From Bielski, B.H.J., Reevaluation of the spectral and kinetic properties of •HO2 and of •O2- free radicals,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... November 14, 2003 2:09 PM 166 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes reaction is a function of the concentration of hydroxyl radicals In the presence of oxygen, no polymerization occurs Barb ... amount of iron is sufficient to determine oxidation of an unlimited amount of tartaric acid In tartaric acid, two atoms of hydrogen are removed from a molecule of acid, resulting in the production of ... oxidation kinetics of THM mixtures, and the effect of the number of chlorine atoms in a THM on its oxidation were all investigated Bromoform is the easiest to oxidize of the four THMs Bromoform concentrations...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... Conversely, a low pH value of combined with a low temperature of 10°C yielded the lowest kC value of 1.34 Einstein/mol2◊m8 When the effects of UV/ozone treatment on the degradation of protocatechuic acid ... Concentration of Oxidants In UV/ozone processes, the increase of ozone feed rate leads to an increase of oxidation rate at a given time This increase of ozone feed rate leads to an increase of the ozone ... decomposition of ozone was found to be at a minimum at a pH of without the influence of UV irradiation (Ku et al., 1996a) The overall decomposition rate equation of ozone in the presence of UV light...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... orders of removal of organic reactants were evaluated from log (initial rate of removal of organics) vs log (initial concentration of organic) The initial photoefficiencies of removal of organic ... activity of TiO2 can be increased with the loading of metals such as silver or platinum The loading of silver onto the surface of TiO2 has been shown to increase the removal of chloroform from ... 2003 12:14 PM 328 9.2.5 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes Adsorption of Organic Compounds on TiO2 In the past, the degradation of most classes of organic compounds has been studied...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes TABLE 11.1 Historical Perspective of Sonochemistry Year Historical Event 1867 Early observations of cavitation by Tomlinson and Gernez 1880 Discovery of the ... of direct probe sonolysis to special applications such as groundwater remediation or for low-flow pretreatment of hazardous industrial wastes However, sonolysis does not require the addition of ... degassing Use of crude or technical reagents Activation of metals and solids Reduction of any induction periods Enhancement of the reactivity of reagents or catalysts Generation of useful reactive...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... example, rate constants of 1.9 × 10 in the presence of 3.7 mg/L of oxygen, 35% of these two reactive species would be removed at a dose of 100 krad as opposed to 5% at a dose of 800 krad 12.4 QSAR ... Page 468 Friday, November 14, 2003 2:10 PM 468 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes 99% bromoform removal, the effect of water quality was insignificant when the initial concentration ... Friday, November 14, 2003 2:10 PM 470 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes – that the e aq initiates greater than 99% of the removal of CHCl3, whereas •OH is responsible for less than 0.2%...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... November 11, 2003 12:32 PM 516 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes TABLE 13.11 Removal of Chlorine Residues and Amount of Chloride in pH Range of to [HOCl + OCl•] (Concentration, mg/L) [Cl•] ... PM 500 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes the wide range of waste characteristics and various ways in which metals can be adsorbed to the Fe surface, the extent of pollutant retention ... November 11, 2003 12:32 PM 506 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes TABLE 13.5 Effect of Ions on Pseudo First-Order Rate Constants and Half-Lives of DBCP Transformation Using 0.1-M HEPES Buffer...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... 542 Physicochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes highly toxic and refractory to anaerobic biological treatment, it was chosen for the comparison as being representative of phenolic acids, and ... presence of 40-mM (1360 mg/L) H2O2 Thus, the presence of excess H2O2 may lower the treatment efficiency of AOP Increasing the pH of reactive dye bath effluents had a more detrimental effect upon the treatment ... degradation of TCB, subject to the effect of pH, bicarbonate, and humic acids (Masten et al., 1996) Table 14.17 provides a comparison of the effect of pH on the efficiency of oxidation of pentanoic...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:21

... University of Agriculture ** Biofilm samples Samples of biofilm (10 g) were taken from a biological contact material, honeycomb catalyst, of a practical biological treatment facility—a drinking water treatment ... the biofilm of the practical biological treatment facility throughout the year, and the abundance ratio of the microcystin-degrading bacteria increased to approximately 0.005% of the total bacteria ... dynamics of the bacteria involved in the degradation of persistent substances in situ We showed that microcystin-degrading bacteria were present in a biofilm from a practical biological treatment...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... Hung 15 Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastes Sudhir Kumar Gupta, Sunil Kumar Gupta, and Yung-Tse Hung 63 Treatment of Oilfield and Refinery Wastes Joseph M Wong and Yung-Tse Hung 131 Treatment of Metal ... photographic processing wastes, soap and detergent wastes, livestock wastes, rubber processing wastes, timber industry wastes, power plant wastes, and metal finishing wastes, are presented in ... Detergent Industry Wastes Constantine Yapijakis and Lawrence K Wang 323 Treatment of Textile Wastes Thomas Bechtold, Eduard Burtscher, and Yung-Tse Hung 379 Treatment of Phosphate Industry Wastes Constantine...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:22

... and degree of treatment requirement for the metals of concern Determination of the operating pH requires a very careful examination of the theoretical basis of the process as the number of metals ... precipitation; and other methods of treatment Pretreatment of complexed metal wastewaters aims to retain hydroxide precipitation as the main or central treatment Thus, the purpose of pretreatment is to destroy ... for metal treatment and disposal These methods will be briefly explained in Section 5.6 Biological treatment can also be utilized for the removal of metals Joint treatment of domestic and industrial...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:22

... biodegradability of the effluents Some of the disadvantages are extremely short half-life of the oxidants and high expense of their generation 10.10.2 Biological Processes The most commonly used biological treatment ... is the development of a low-cost and effective biological treatment of air through usage of biofilters and bioscrubbers that can remove trace concentrations of pollutants The biological vapor phase ... low-cost biological treatment systems that have been explored in laboratory-scale, pilot-scale, and full-scale studies for the treatment of pulp and paper industrial effluents Distinct advantages of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:22

... Secondary treatment can utilize physical and chemical unit processes, but for the treatment of meat wastes biological treatment is usually favored [41] Physico-Chemical Secondary Treatment Chemical treatment ... using anaerobic reactors of different types applied to slaughterhouse wastewaters 15.4.3 Aerobic Treatment Aerobic biological treatment for the treatment of biodegradable wastes has been established ... application of POME as a renewable resource of energy is the production of biological hydrogen via a fermentation process The main purpose of producing biological hydrogen is to offer an alternative...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:22

... modification of plant processes Control of spills, leakage, washdown, and storm runoff can also reduce the treatment system load Modifications may include the use of vacuum pumps instead of steam ... surface streams employ biological treatment before discharge Pretreatment for the POTW dischargers consists of coagulation, flocculation, and primary treatment for seven of the nine dischargers, ... – water separation: 100% of all plants; chemical flocculation and/or oil absorptive media: 36% of all plants; and biological treatment: 18% of all plants Current level of in-place technology, steaming,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:22