biological and behavioral outcomes of exercise

... images of residents of New Orleans being stranded on their roofs, of creaking and overburdened shelters themselves threatened by the storm, and of national leaders floundering on the best course of ... our understanding of the causes and consequences of disasters There is a long and robust history of the study of disasters in the academic literature that varies by discipline and offers complementary ... The Causes and Behavioral Consequences of Disasters The Causes and Behavioral Consequences of Disasters Experience 1950–2005 Sasha Rudenstine Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 21:20

... between 65 and 84 and group C, those above the age of 85 The type of surgery and post operative care determined by the type of fracture, age, co-morbid medical status and general level of mobility ... number of patients developing a hip fracture in the elderly A previous meta-analysis of 16 case series has demonstrated that in females between the ages of 50 and 60, and in men over the age of 70, ... Outcomes of Hip Fractures: A Prospective Cohort Study of 1177 patients Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2011 6:5 Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of: ...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... dominant attractant for Chinese populations of D valens, and (-)-β-pinene and (+)-α-pinene were behaviorally neutral, or nearly so Recent electrophysiological and behavioral studies clearly indicate ... doses of 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 µg/µL, to better understand the response characteristics of D valens Seven compounds were presented to the antenna randomly, in order of concentration, ... including relative efficacies, costs, and unintended side effects of the use of these chemicals Some semiochemicals pose a risk of inducing outbreaks of non-target species, and some, such as trans-conophthorin,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... antagonists, IL-1Ra and IL-1F5, inhibit the biologic activities of the ligands IL-1 and IL-1F6, IL-1F8, and IL-1F9, respectively In addition, soluble IL-1RAcP inhibits the effect of IL-1 and IL-33 when ... differentiation of Th17 cells [117] RORγT mRNA is induced by IL-6 and TGF-β and is further upregulated by IL-6 and IL23 activation of STAT3 [118] The expression of RORC2, human ortholog of mouse RORγT, ... T-cell activation and on NK-cell and NKT-cell maturation and activation However, the effects of IL-21 on B-cell maturation and on plasma cell development are most remarkable and account for its...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... the use of parasitoids and predators, and the development of the field of biological control The next three sections deal with general concepts and challenges facing the use of parasitoids and predators ... benefits of a biological control project are a function of the type and degree of damage by a pest, efficiency of the biological control agent, market price for the crop, and risk aversion of producers ... of 1994 pricing and marketing by suppliers of organisms for biological control of arthropods in the United States Biological Control 6: 291–296 Cudjoe, A R., P Neuenschwander, and M J W Copland...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... because of the development of more sophisticated equipment and progress with their identification and synthesis An improved understanding of the operational, biological, and behavioral aspects of applied ... number of point sources in orchards (Suckling and Angerilli, 1996), and in the presence of higher wind speeds (Karg and Suckling, 1997) Removal of the dispensers caused the disappearance of the ... Too late, in the event of failure Charmillot and Vickers, 1991; Cardé and Minks, 1995 Charmillot and Vickers, 1991; Cardé and Minks, 1995 Charmillot and Vickers, 1991; Cardé and Minks, 1995 Witzgall...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... inactive prothoracic glands Incubation of prothoracic glands in the presence of fenoxycarb reduces production of ecdysteroid by the glands (Dedos and Fugo, 1996) Larval growth and food consumption ... 1994) The ring gland is comprised of the prothoracic gland, corpus cardiacum, and corpus allatum Changes seen include crenulation of nuclear shape, clumping of the heterochromatin, and pyknosis The ... Garcia, and W De Souza Effect of azadirachtin A on the fine structure of the midgut of Rhodnius prolixa Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 66, 58–63, 1977 Oberlander, H., D.L Silhacek, and P Porcheron...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... supply of insects of known quality for a specified period These are difficult requirements to meet for managers of rearing facilities and demand an industrial approach in terms of logistics and human ... G.G Evaluation of the Feasibility of Genetic Control of Sheep Blowfly CSIRO, Division of Entomology, 1986, 117pp Foster, G.G and M J Whitten The Development of Genetic Methods of Controlling the ... decision as to when and in which species genetic control techniques could and should be developed is complex and multifaceted It involves consideration of the biology and pest status of the species,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... Stations, and national Department of Agriculture laboratories These efforts have led to a detailed understanding of the type and genetic nature of insect resistance in several crop plants, and have ... maintains a database of the number, location, and condition of all existing major world crop plant germplasm (IPGRI, 1997) The mandate of IPGRI is to advance the conservation and use of plant genetic ... expansion, and timber and mining activities in many parts of the world The governments of many countries are also reluctant to allow the collection and exchange of germplasm, because of fears that...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... of amino acids used for gut protein synthesis Evidence for a role of inhibitors of digestive enzymes in plant defence is provided by consideration of the sites of synthesis and accumulation of ... (Korth and Dixon 1997) Inhibitors of proteinases and amylases form extensive families of proteins in plants, and have been the object of much study in recent years; for a general review of the ... use of biological control of leuipdoptera by parasitoids is not fully compatible with the use of Bt toxins, due to the early and rapid mortality of the host (Blumberg et al 1997) The lack of interest...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... number of genes required to introduce a novel metabolic pathway; and (3) the lack of understanding of the pleotrophic nature of perturbations of existing metabolic pathways An example of complex ... EVALUATION OF THEORETICAL NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FROM RELEASE OF GEPS As our knowledge of the interaction of plants and insects increases and the capabilities of biotechnology are expanded, ... K.A Fenton, and A Pusztai Effects of Seed Lectins from Phaseolus vulgaris on the Development of Larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus; Mechanism of Toxicity Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... tolerance of biological control agents to stresses encountered in nature, and to expand host range The tools of biotechnology can be used to improve the delivery of the active pesticidal ingredient of ... data and information appropriate for the evaluation of human health and environmental risks associated with the widespread use and distribution of biopesticides, and the existing mechanisms and ... fermentation of a microbial agent as well as analyses for biological purity; (2) a description of sterilization procedures of growth media and of fermentation vessels; (3) monitoring of appropriate...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... types of particulates, lead and other heavy metals, and various kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) The major source of air pollution is the combustion of fossil fuels for electricity and ... but rather an issue of conservation, aesthetics, and the preservation of natural beauty and resources Nevertheless, many of the world’s lakes, rivers, and streams have suffered, and are still suffering, ... Canal landfill.14 After the canal was filled and covered with earth, the land was transferred to the city of Niagara Falls Homes and a school were then built on the edge of the old canal and the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... 1952, and was the result of fog and thermal inversion Many people suffered from shortness of breath Cyanosis, some fever, and excess fluid in the lungs were reported in many patients High levels of ... period between 1947 and 1951 and the number of deaths that occurred during the episode (Figure 3.2) Most of those affected were in the older age groups, and generally had disease of the heart or lungs ... episode occurred from November 18 to 22, 1953, as a result of air stagnation and the presence of a high level of SO2 and led to several thousand excess deaths 3.7.2.6 Los Angeles, California, U.S.,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... presence of a large amount of COHb in the blood disrupts the vital system for exchange of CO2 and O2 between the blood and the lungs and other body tissues Interference with the functioning of hemoglobin ... acute and chronic injury In plants, an acute injury occurs following absorption of sufficient amounts of toxic gas or other forms of toxicants to cause destruction of tissues The destruction is often ... uptake of sublethal amounts of toxicants over a long period Chronic injury is manifested by yellowing of leaves that may progress slowly through stages of bleaching until most of the chlorophyll and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... very dilute, and is mostly water Out of some 200 l of filtrate a day, an average adult concentrates about 1.5 l of urine It is obviously essential that most of the filtrate and many of its dissolved ... consists of one third of the amino acid residues), and are therefore capable of binding metals such as Zn and Cd Various physiologic and toxicologic stimuli can induce MT genes The formation of MTs ... shortness of breath, overwork of the heart, and sometimes death Some studies associate emphysema with smog, particularly NO2 and ozone (O3), SO2, and heavy cigarette smoking Volume of air exhaled...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... number of macrophages, and altered appearance of the cells in the distal airway and adjacent pulmonary alveoli Terminal bronchioles showed hyperplasia and hypertrophy, loss of cilia, and disturbed ... maximum oxygen consumption and exercise in young healthy men during strenuous exercise Impairment of visual perception, of manual dexterity, of learning ability or performance of certain intellectual ... contribution, including pH modulation of toxicity of xenobiotics and pH-dependent alteration of cells involving mitotic and enzyme regulation Based on review of the mortality data from London for...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... brain and nervous system, resulting in such problems as retardation and behavioral changes Of greatest current concern is the impairment of cognitive and behavioral development in infants and young ... application of fertilizers and fungicides, recycling of ferrous scraps and motor oils, and disposal and incineration of Cd-containing products Although aerial deposition is an important route of mobility ... level of activity, correct anemia, and improve the coats of animals Arsenic was used as a feed additive to aid in the prevention and control of certain enteric diseases of swine and poultry and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... structure of aldicarb carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) The mode of action of the carbamates is the same as that of organophosphates, i.e., inhibition of AChE ... PCDFs, and PCBs in unsuccessfully hatched eggs of three species of predatory birds – hobbies, goshawks, and sparrowhawks – collected in the Berlin-Brandenburg region of Germany By use of toxic ... (degeneration of nervous tissue) and acute myopathy (disorder of muscle tissue or muscles) after dermal exposure or oral ingestion of 2,4-D Clinical symptoms of severely poisoned farmers include pain and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... formation and disruption of migration and segregation of chromosomes Removal of an amino group (NH2) from adenine, cytosine, or guanine Interference with biosynthesis of purines or pyrimidines and ... x-rays Pyrolysis products of tryptophan, broiled meat, beer and whisky Cigarettes and wood smoke Textile dyes, manufacture of paper and leather Metal alloys, mines Cigarettes and wood smoke Peroxidized ... ability of different environmental agents to cause mutations (and teratogenic effects) may create a greater burden on society than cancer does because of the increased incidence of genetic disease and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22