biodiesel production and algal mass culture for wastewater treatment

... bacteria in the wetlands is shown in Figure Wetlands can be of two types: natural wetlands and constructed wetlands Both natural and constructed wetlands have been used for wastewater treatment, although ... Metcalf and Eddy, Inc., Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, NY, 1991 Bastian, R.K and S.C Reed (Eds.), Aquaculture Systems for Wastewater Treatment: ... of Constructed Wetlands Constructed wetlands are relatively recent development, and are gaining popularity for treatment of wastewater from small communities, and residential and commercial areas...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

... density and tetracycline degradation Table - Results of tetracycline degradation test for Unoke River water and wastewater treatment plant effluent Sample Volume Unoke River Water Wastewater Treatment ... heterotrophic bacteria in the Unoke River and the wastewater treatment plant effluent water samples was 375 CFU/mL and 885 CFU/mL, respectively The density of the wastewater treatment plant effluent sample ... 10 mg/L), wastewater treatment plant effluent (10 mg/L), and rain water (5 and 10 mg/L) More than 20% degradation was observed in all Lake Tedori water and Unoke River water samples and rain water...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... feedstock for biofuel production The harvest and concentration of microalgal biomass are highly energy-consuming and considered to be the second largest cost in microalgal biodiesel production ... proposed for domestic wastewater reclamation coupled with biofuel/biomass production based on microalgae considers wastewater as a kind of resource instead of just waste, and shifts the wastewater treatment ... nitrogen and phosphorus standard of reclaimed water reused in landscape, Eco and Env Sci., 18(6), 2404-2408 (in Chinese) Munoz R and Guieysse B (2006) Algal- bacterial processes for the treatment...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... adolescents with and without normative need for orthodontic treatment only for CS-OIDP attributed to malocclusion (p = 0.032 and 0.049 respectively), but not for OHIP-14 (p = 0.799 and 0.211 respectively) ... adjusting for covariates (sex, age, ethnicity and orthodontic treatment status), the prevalence of oral impacts was also compared between adolescents with and without normative need for orthodontic treatment ... normative need for orthodontic treatment (Table 2) After adjusting for covariates, adolescents with normative need for orthodontic treatment had respectively an 1.89 (CI95%: 1.12; 3.20) and 1.84-fold...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... Surgeons and the American Brachytherapy Society have published guidelines for the screening and selection of patients for Page of 10 APBI [22,23], and these guidelines formed the basis for patient ... mean score was 1.5 for the 20 patients who received local anesthesia, for the patient administered sedation, and 2.1 for the 18 patients who received both local anesthesia and sedation Patients ... 65 patients gave informed consent and were fully evaluated for eligibility to participate in the study The inclusion and exclusion criteria were met by 44/65 (68%) patients, and 21 (32%) patients...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

... antidepressants before (paroxetine) and after (escitalopram), it can be suggested that the large clinical improvement and reduction in her CRP was not related to the SSRI treatment alone Baune and Eyre ... doi:10.1186/1752-1947-4-6 Cite this article as: Baune and Eyre: Anti-inflammatory effects of antidepressant and atypical antipsychotic medication for the treatment of major depression and comorbid arthritis: a case ... described above, the arthritis specific treatment (DMARDs and analgesics) had not changed While her CRP levels were 32 mg/L before the start of the new psychotropic treatment regimen, they dropped continuously...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... 0.49 for DrotAA and P = 0.12 for placebo) or between therapies (P = 0.14), with a median change of and -1 μmol/l for DrotAA and placebo, respectively To assess how the change helps to account for ... trials for severe sepsis and septic shock DLAW has given paid lectures for and participated in clinical trials, supported by Eli Lilly KR has served as consultant and Available online http://ccforum.com/content/12/2/R45 ... Drotrecogin alfa (activated) treatment in severe sepsis from the global open-label trial ENHANCE: further evidence for survival and safety and implications for early treatment Crit Care Med 2005,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... designed quality of influent and effluent is shown in Table 1, which achieves the secondary standard of "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant " (GB18918-2002,China) ... complex operation and management, extra equipments of wastewater disposal basin and sewage submersible pump Only the second operation form can be used in Xingtai Wastewater Treatment Plant because ... Xingtai Wastewater Treatment Plant was put into operation in 2008 The treatment effect is good and the operation is in a stable condition for more than years The actual quality of influent and effluent...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2015, 10:30

... many similarities, and therefore, Table e Comparison of properties of the obtained biodiesel and the standards of biodiesel in china, Europe and the United States Item Obtained biodiesel À1  China ... determined and listed in the Table Table also showed comparisons of the obtained biodiesel and the standards of biodiesel in china, Europe and the United States The properties of the obtained biodiesel, ... Errazu AF Possible methods for biodiesel production Renew Sust Energ Rev 2007;11:1300e11 [3] Qiu FX, Li YH, Yang DY, Li XH, Sun P Biodiesel production from mixed soybean oil and rapeseed oil Appl...

Ngày tải lên: 05/05/2014, 08:42

... relevant to biodiesel production, catalyst for biodiesel production and the promising SBA-15 support for biodiesel production Chapter demonstrates the experimental steps in details for synthesis ... yields were 94%, 87% and 64% for 60 °C, 45 °C and 32 °C, respectively After hr, ester formation was identical for 60 °C and 45 °C runs and only slightly lower for the 32 °C For biocatalysts, the ... transesterification of palm oil and methanol SBA-15 is shown to be a potential and effective support for both chemical and biocatalysts to improve the catalytic performance for biodiesel production Supporting...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:25

... previously discussed by Dinamarca and Bakke [7] The formation of reduced products, biomass growth and homoacetogenesis are hinders for sustainable mixed culture hydrogen production Microbial electrohydrogenesis ... broken down to formate and Acetyl-CoA by pyruvate formate-lyase Acetyl-CoA is further transformed to acetate and ethanol, or lactate, depending on the environmental conditions [12] Formate cleavage ... between oxidized, reduced products and H2 production A positive correlation between formation of oxidized products (acetate, butyrate) and hydrogen production, and a negative correlation between...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... De-oiled Wastewater (RBOW) is the carbohydrate rich and easily hydrolysable wastewater Wastewater has a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) value and is therefore suitable for anaerobic treatment ... with a cork containing inlets for loading feedstock and bubbling nitrogen gas required for unloading and also, an outlet nozzle with stop cork for removing effluent and venting biogas The reactor ... whereas low efficiency in substrate removal and hydrogen productions were the major drawbacks of acid treatment The combined use of heat treatment and acid treatment is a way of solving this problem...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... Isolating/obtaining and maintaining of cultures 2.3.4 Sources of contamination and water treatment 2.3.5 Algal culture techniques 2.3.5.1 Batch culture 2.3.5.2 Continuous culture 2.3.5.3 Semi-continuous culture ... rotifers 3.5.3 Culture procedures 3.5.3.1 Stock culture of rotifers 3.5.3.2 Upscaling of stock cultures to starter cultures 3.5.3.3 Mass production on algae 3.5.3.4 Mass production on algae and yeast ... Semi-continuous culture 2.3.6 Algal production in outdoor ponds 2.3.7 Culture of sessile micro-algae 2.3.8 Quantifying algal biomass 2.3.9 Harvesting and preserving micro-algae 2.3.10 Algal production cost...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... Algal culture techniques 2.3.6 Algal production in outdoor ponds 2.3.7 Culture of sessile micro-algae 2.3.8 Quantifying algal biomass 2.3.9 Harvesting and preserving micro-algae 2.3.10 Algal production ... sterilize, refill, and inoculate the containers Figure 2.7.a Batch culture systems for the mass production of micro-algae in 20,000 l tanks Figure 2.7.b Batch culture systems for the mass production ... available for algal production Donaldson (1991) Coutteau and Sorgeloos (1992) Figure 2.13 Algal production cost as a function of the production capacity for bivalve hatcheries Filled and unfilled...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... female, Fig 3.17.), are ideal for storage and transport and can be used as inocula for mass cultures Mass production of rotifers for cyst production is performed in batch cultures in concrete tanks ... plicatilis 3.5.3 Culture procedures 3.5.3.1 Stock culture of rotifers 3.5.3.2 Upscaling of stock cultures to starter cultures 3.5.3.3 Mass production on algae 3.5.3.4 Mass production on algae and yeast ... and yeast 3.5.3.5 Mass culture on yeast 3.5.3.6 Mass culture on formulated diets 3.5.3.7 High density rearing Intensive production of rotifers is usually performed in batch culture within indoor...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... sources in North America and seemed to be unlimited However, with the expansion of aquaculture production in the 1970’s, the demand for Artemia cysts soon exceeded the offer and prices rose exponentially, ... the seventies man has been responsable for several Artemia introductions in South America and Australia, either for salt production improvement or for aquaculture purposes Additionally, temporal ... convenient, least labour-intensive live food available for aquaculture Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... between -18°C and +4°C and between ± 33°C and ± 40°C, with the upper and lower temperature limits vary slightly from strain to strain The active cyst metabolism is situated between +4°C and ±33°C; ... in saturated brine and stored for later hatching or for direct feeding They can be stored for a few days in the refrigerator at 0-4°C without a decrease in hatching If storage for prolonged periods ... addition, their individual dry weight and energy content is on the average 30 to 40% higher than for instar I nauplii (see 4.2.3.; Fig 4.3.4.) For example, for the culture of carp larvae during the...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... Lavens, P., and Sorgeloos, P 1993 Preparation and use of Artemia as food for shrimp and prawn larvae In: CRC Handbook in Mariculture, Vol I Crustacean Aquaculture (2nd edition) McVey, J (Ed.), CRC ... ingestibility and, as a consequence by its size and form Naupliar size, varying greatly from one geographical source of Artemia to another, is often not critical for crustacean larvae, which can capture and ... 1970s and early 1980s, when many fish and shrimp hatcheries scaled up their production and reported unexpected problems when switching from one source of Artemia to another Japanese, American and...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... seawater formulations used for tank production of Artemia (ing.l-1) For the Dietrich and Kalle formulation, solutions A and B are prepared separately, then mixed and strongly aerated for 24h Dietrich ... Harvesting and processing techniques 4.4.2.10 Production figures and production costs 4.4.2.1 Advantages of tank production and tank produced biomass Although tank-produced Artemia biomass is far ... inoculation densities up to 5,000 larvae per litre for batch culture, 10,000 for closed flow-through culture, and 18,000 for open flow-through culture can be maintained without interference on...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... construction and site selection We will only summarize those aspects which should be specifically applied for Artemia pond culture For more detailed information we refer the reader to specialized handbooks ... tolerance ranges and characteristics for use in aquaculture Therefore, the selection of the strain best adapted to the particular ecological conditions of the site and/ or most suitable for its later ... monitoring and managing program for large salt operations Figure 4.5.8 Flow chart of a possible monitoring and managing program for a smaller unit 4.5.6.1 Monitoring the Artemia population For production...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15