basic tools and concepts description of data

... Statistical Description of Data CITED REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING: Bevington, P.R 1969, Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sciences (New York: McGraw-Hill) Stuart, A., and Ord, ... Theory of Statistics, 5th ed (London: Griffin and Co.) [previous eds published as Kendall, M., and Stuart, A., The Advanced Theory of Statistics] Norusis, M.J 1982, SPSS Introductory Guide: Basic ... Basic Statistics and Operations; and 1985, SPSSX Advanced Statistics Guide (New York: McGraw-Hill) Dunn, O.J., and Clark, V.A 1974, Applied Statistics: Analysis of Variance and Regression (New...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 17:15

... of means is not the number of standard deviations that they are apart, but the number of so-called standard errors that they are apart The standard error of a set of values measures the accuracy ... = j N −1 614 Chapter 14 Statistical Description of Data Semi-Invariants The mean and variance of independent random variables are additive: If x and y are drawn independently from two, possibly ... the data are sparse We will be meeting these distinct concepts of strength and significance several times in the next few sections A quantity that measures the significance of a difference of means...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 15:15

... ftest(float data1 [], unsigned long n1, float data2 [], unsigned long n2, float *f, float *prob) Given the arrays data1 [1 n1] and data2 [1 n2], this routine returns the value of f, and its significance ... NA + NB − degrees of freedom, by equations (6.4.7) and (6.4.9), and by the routine betai (incomplete beta function) of §6.4 The significance is a number between zero and one, and is the probability ... ttest(float data1 [], unsigned long n1, float data2 [], unsigned long n2, float *t, float *prob) Given the arrays data1 [1 n1] and data2 [1 n2], this routine returns Student’s t as t, and its significance...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 15:15

... the data sets are drawn from the same distribution Small values of prob show that the cumulative distribution function of data1 is significantly different from that of data2 The arrays data1 and data2 ... for the cases of one and two distributions: 626 Chapter 14 Statistical Description of Data If we are not done Next step is in data1 Next step is in data2 Compute significance } Both of the above ... of Data Next we consider the case of comparing two binned data sets Let Ri be the number of events in bin i for the first data set, Si the number of events in the same bin i for the second data...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 22:15

... Table Analysis of Two Distributions female # of red males N11 # of green males N12 # of males N1⋅ # of red females N21 # of green females N22 # of females N2⋅ # of red N ⋅1 ... number of degrees of freedom is equal to the number of entries in the table (product of its row size and column size) minus the number of constraints that have arisen from our use of the data themselves ... Chapter 14 Statistical Description of Data Measures of Association Based on Chi-Square Ni· = Nij N·j = j N = Nij i Ni· = i (14.4.1) N·j j N·j and Ni· are sometimes called the row and column totals...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 22:15

... (14.5.10) N2 −3 where z1 and z2 are obtained from r1 and r2 using (14.5.6), and where N1 and N2 are, respectively, the number of data points in the measurement of r1 and r2 All of the significances ... Chapters IX(A) and IX(B) Korn, G.A., and Korn, T.M 1968, Mathematical Handbook for Scientists and Engineers, 2nd ed (New York: McGraw-Hill), §19.7 Norusis, M.J 1982, SPSS Introductory Guide: Basic Statistics ... detecting correlation between uniform sets of integers between and N , keeping in mind the possibility of ties in the ranks There is, of course, some loss of information in replacing the original...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 19:15

... 642 Chapter 14 Statistical Description of Data Expectation value of D, and variance of D give number of standard deviations and significance Rank correlation coefficient, and its t value, give its ... kendl1(float data1 [], float data2 [], unsigned long n, float *tau, float *z, float *prob) Given data arrays data1 [1 n] and data2 [1 n], this program returns Kendall’s τ as tau, its number of standard ... a1 =data1 [j] -data1 [k]; a2 =data2 [j] -data2 [k]; aa=a1*a2; if (aa) { ++n1; Loop over first member of pair, and second member Neither array has a tie Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 19:15

... their paper, Fasano and Franceschini tabulate Monte Carlo results for (what amounts to) the distribution of D as a function of (of course) D, sample size N , and coefficient of correlation r Analyzing ... Two-dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of one sample against a model Given the x and y coordinates of n1 data points in arrays x1[1 n1] and y1[1 n1], and given a user-supplied function quadvl ... Chapter 14 Statistical Description of Data 14.8 Savitzky-Golay Smoothing Filters nR gi = cnfi+n (14.8.1) n=−nL Here nL is the number of points used “to the left” of a data point i, i.e., earlier...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 19:15

... convlv, a set of Savitzky-Golay filter coefficients nl is the number of leftward (past) data points used, while nr is the number of rightward (future) data points, making the total number of data points ... Figure 14.8.1 Top: Synthetic noisy data consisting of a sequence of progressively narrower bumps, and additive Gaussian white noise Center: Result of smoothing the data by a simple moving window ... center and lower panels.) The widths of the bumps (full width at half of maximum, or FWHM) are 140, 43, 24, 17, 13, and 10, respectively The middle panel of Figure 14.8.1 shows the result of smoothing...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 04:15

... character of blue and dove-colored limestone None of them, however, is of great thickness and none of great linear extent The Loudoun formation, of course, followed a period of erosion of the Catoctin ... treatment of the soils of other areas The land here is in a high state of cultivation and, according to its peculiarly varying and unalterable History and Comprehensive Description of Loudoun ... the practice of dairying and stock raising The land is one of the best corn soils of Loudoun, being loamy and easily cultivated throughout History and Comprehensive Description of Loudoun County,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 22:20

... Rehabilitation and Research Centre, University of Oulu, FIN-, Finland Axel Urhausen Institute of Sports and Preventitive Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Saarland, D-, Saarbruecken, ... of Anatomy, University of Kuopio, FIN-, Finland Jan Henriksson Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, University of Stockholm, SE, Sweden Nils Hjeltness Department of ... of Jyvọskylọ, FIN-, Finland Timo Sọppọlọ National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, FIN-, Finland Timo Takala Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyvọskylọ, FIN-, Finland...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20

... irradiate soft tissues? Until today, soft tissues have never been irradiated for fear that the dose of 25 kGy is too large and could weaken the collagen structure of tendons and ligaments These and ... Contents Part III BASIC SCIENCE OF RADIATION 97 Chapter Interaction of Radiation with Tissues Norimah Yusof 99 Chapter Types of Radiation and Irradiation Facilities for Sterilization of Tissue Grafts ... Bank Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Andalas University, Padang Indonesia Hasim Mohamad School of Medical Science University of Science, Malaysia Malaysia and Department of Surgery Hospital...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 20:21

... components of H (hue) and S (saturation), and one achromatic component, that is luminance, of V (value) The S and V parameter values have the range of to 1, and the H parameter has the range of 0◦ ... (λ), EG (λ), and EB (λ) are R, G, and B primary emission functions of the color monitor device, respectively, and L(λ), M(λ), and S(λ) are spectral L, M, and S cone response functions of the normal ... degree of freedom = 83, and P value = 001 that denotes the probability of obtaining a result at least as extreme as a given data point under the null hypothesis The results of the TES of the CHT and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... components of H (hue) and S (saturation), and one achromatic component, that is luminance, of V (value) The S and V parameter values have the range of to 1, and the H parameter has the range of 0◦ ... (λ), EG (λ), and EB (λ) are R, G, and B primary emission functions of the color monitor device, respectively, and L(λ), M(λ), and S(λ) are spectral L, M, and S cone response functions of the normal ... degree of freedom = 83, and P value = 001 that denotes the probability of obtaining a result at least as extreme as a given data point under the null hypothesis The results of the TES of the CHT and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 06:20

... and lianoid growth and identification of species and families follows Guinko [9] Figure Rainfall patterns in mm per year and the geographical position of four forest stands: Sa, Tiogo, Yabo and ... (model 6) 56% and 62%, respectively (table V) Estimates of coefficients β1 and height β2, showed that disc basic density (BDub ) augmented 147 Basic density in Burkina Faso Table II Stem basic density ... 723 mm and 28 °C, respectively The dry season lasts for months according to the definition by Bagnouls and Gaussen [4] Sample trees for determination of basic density were taken from stands located...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... stand Arm is the curve part of the head containing mechanism for operating the needle Bed is the flat portion of the machine and beneath is the feed dog where it is mounted, and the shuttle and ... MAJOR PARTS OF THE LOCKSTITCH SEWING MACHINE The two major parts of the lock stitch sewing machine are the upper and lower parts Upper Part Lower Part The Upper Parts is composed of: Head is ... reinforcing the opening and closing of pockets Small machine Used in attaching buttons on garments Used in construction of different clothing especially for the inseam, out seam, and side seam F Double...

Ngày tải lên: 30/07/2015, 10:33

... department, and state owned inspections has allowed their company to grow in a strategically sound manner and with business expertise Plenty of containers and all kinds of cargoes are smoothly and efficiently ... advise is the notice of local or foreign buyers that shipment has occurred with details of backing, routing, ect A copy of invoice is usually enclosed and sometimes a copy of bill of lading This document ... forth a contract of carriage Bill of Lading may be negotiable or nonnegotiable Every Bill of Lading must contain at least the following: 1- Date of issue 2- Name of consignor 3- Place of original...

Ngày tải lên: 27/02/2016, 17:37

... deleted; the coordinates of branch point and of final point of virtual segments; and 5) the rank of branch point a Final data structure: ments resorting root seg- Growth and branching pattern analysis ... Each root segment contains some time information (time of emergence), spatial data (coordinates of its terminal and branching points) and a set of ’structural’ indexes (Table I): a sequential index ... correction of errors and for help in the search for particular points (e.g., picture enlarging, cursor, etc.) are also provided Data storage structure The data storage structure is made up of data...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 02:21

... significant change in system profile Attack Metrics • Severity is defined by the criticality of the target and lethality of the attack, and the effectiveness of system and network countermeasures ... frequency of intrusion detection reporting * *Place “call pre-emption” capability (software and personnel) in standby mode Place “call pre-emption” capability (software and personnel) in standby ... discussion of basic approaches to intrusion detection We started this section with the discussion of Events of Interest (EOI) – a notion that personnel and computing resources are limited, and often...

Ngày tải lên: 04/11/2013, 13:15

... Introduction for the security    Networks and exchanges of data Computer security The risks Networks and exchanges of data  For the exchange of the data, we've changed the technology    The ... simple reasons :    Data shared with the clients and the partners Propose different services Profitability Networks and exchanges of data   The connection between Internet and the company's network ... a large way with a lot of persons They can use this solution and they obtain a lot of services But Inside an Intranet we find a lot of data and information For the live of the company, they're...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 17:22