basic interpersonal communicative skills and cognitive academic language proficiency

... listening skills and tests their understanding of numbers, which is often an important part of language teaching materials. III. Story Time 1. Participants pick and listen to a tape randomly ... individual language skills and easily applied in the classroom. One feature of these games is that students with lower language ability in a team can still contribute if they are good at skills ... tasks. And finally, the competition stimulated their interest in foreign culture. As Uberman (1998, 87) writes, "Games encourage, entertain, teach, and promote fluency and communicative skills. ...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2013, 10:10

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:48

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 15:52

... foreign and second language. Good choice and use of learning strategies would help learners become more independent and autonomous as well as improve learners’ language competence and communicative ... second language . Therefore, the language learner capable of using a wide variety of language learning strategies appropriately can improve his language skills in a better way. Metacognitive ... the focus on language skills In fact, the focus of research on learning strategies might be on all four language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) or on one or more language modalities...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 00:23

Ngày tải lên: 19/08/2013, 08:55

... 1995). Theoretically and pedagogically, it appears that the marriage between collaborative writing and electronic technology is an ideal means to help writers develop the much-needed skills to succeed at academic ... both Hong Kong and Toronto, and would finally end with the complete details of humidity readings. Although writing in a foreign language can be a daunting experience for second language students, ... as a Foreign Language (EFL) as they must overcome the personal challenges associated with academic writing (generating ideas, organization, and mechanics) in order to develop the skills requisite...

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2013, 05:10

Ngày tải lên: 19/09/2013, 11:25

... your vocabulary and brush up on your math and writing skills as you prepare for the SAT, but it’s not sufficient to do just those things. Like all standardized tests, the SAT also measures your test-taking skills. ... strengths and weakness. Use your analysis of why you missed the questions you missed. Now you know what specific math and verbal skills you need to work on, and you know what test-taking skills you ... Minutes a Day and 1001 Vocabulary and Spelling Questions; some math review books, such as Practical Math Success in 20 Minutes a Day, SAT Math Essentials, and 1001 Math Questions; and writing guides...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2013, 17:20

... learning grammar and structure, say a sample sentence aloud several times. Try different variations, too. – ACT ASSESSMENT STUDY SKILLS AND TEST-TAKING STRATEGIES – 21 Learning Styles and Finding ... through a question, and if it seems too hard, circle it and come back to it later. Remember that easy questions are worth the same as hard questions. – ACT ASSESSMENT STUDY SKILLS AND TEST-TAKING ... knowledge of English, math, and sci- ence. Like all standardized tests, it also measures your test-taking skills. In this section, you will learn strate- gies for taking standardized tests like the...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2013, 17:20

... never-to-be-read hand-out which you project on the screen. Handling the Media and Media Training Acquire the insights and strategies necessary to manage your image and enhance your reputation and that ... MA in Theatre and Speech, University of South Carolina, USA. • CNN Anchor and Reporter. • Communication and Media Training Consultant and Coach. • Actress and Director of lms and theatre worldwide. • ... with all the necessary skills and methods to always succeed in delivering compelling presentations. You will learn first-hand, under the camera and by watching yourself and your instructors act....

Ngày tải lên: 20/01/2014, 13:03

... ISECOM, 2004. 2 LESSON 2 – BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS 2.1. Introduction and Objectives This lesson introduces commands and basic tools for both Windows and Linux operating systems so ... ISECOM 4 LESSON 2 – BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS command “command /h”. As another example, in Linux: “cp” is just like the Windows command, “copy”. command help command / h cp copy del mv more print deltree ls cd md rd route tracert Ping ipconfig 14 ... 9 LESSON 2 – BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS For additional information on these commands and tools type "command /h" or "command /?‚" or "help command" from...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 20:20

... dominated by eight b-strands and a twelve residue C-terminal a-helix. The b-strands are arranged as a sheet formed by a five-stranded twisted antiparal- lel sheet plus a small three-stranded antiparallel ... these two chromosomal systems and pem ⁄ parD and, together with structural information on free or bound toxin and antitoxin pro- teins obtained by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy (see ... team discovered and characterized a plasmid region, the so-called basic replicon’, which includes the copy num- ber control genes, copA and copB, the gene of the repli- cation initiation protein, repA, and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... intermediate and low skills bands and certain economic sectors dependent on these skills bands. This correspondence arises because certain product markets lend themselves to particular skills inputs ... typologies DEBATING HIGH SKILLS AND JOINED-UP POLICY 12 High -skills society Key characteristics Developmental high -skills society Bipolar high- skills/ low -skills society Hybrid and differentiated ... of labour and which extend beyond technical skills to interpersonal skills. Given this general thesis, what I want to focus on here is the tension between embedded and dis-embedded skills. The reason...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... defects/merits. Moderate Autonomism, the position outlined by Anderson and Dean, holds that they never are. In their outline and defence of MA, Anderson and Dean hold that: the moral content of a work can ... that art qua art can possess cognitive value qua cognitive seems counter-intuitive, and to be connected to an implausibly restrictive notion of artistic (and indeed cognitive) value. Instead, like ... prominent ‘anti-cognitivists’, Lamarque and Olsen, who, limiting their account to literature, and restricting the notions of truth and knowledge to propositional truth and knowledge, then deny that they...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... Lei and Tseng 637 groups was that participants in the single mode group learned with sound only and the double mode group learned with sound and text. Cognitive load and listening in foreign language ... uncertain, and whether unnecessary information led to cognitive overload for learners also remains inconclusive. According to the studies done by Jones and Plass (2002) and Diao, Chandler and Sweller ... with double mode (sound and text) outperformed students learning with single mode (sound) and had lower cognitive load. Studies related to foreign language learning and cognitive load are mostly...

Ngày tải lên: 24/02/2014, 18:20

... 2008;2(1):42-45 Memory loss is one of the most common complaints  arising in consultations with elderly people, being reported  by 25% to 50% of these individuals. 1  However, whether  these subjective memory complaints (SMC) are related to  objective memory deficits or to subsequent development  of dementia, remains a matter of debate. A recent review found that SMCs are not consistently  associated with current cognitive impairment, but rather  are associated with a greater risk of future cognitive de- cline. 2  Indeed, the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment  (MCI), which entails an increased likelihood of conversion  to dementia, demands the existence of SMCs, preferably  confirmed by an informant. 3 High age, female gender and low educational level are  generally associated with a higher prevalence of memory  complaints. 1  In an autopsy study, SMCs were found to be  related to the presence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathol- ogy in elderly with and without dementia, suggesting that  memory complaints in older persons may be a sign of self  awareness of a degenerative process. 4 However, SMCs might also be related to depression and some personality traits, such as neuroticism. 2  It is also pos- sible that these complaints vary according to the culture of  the people studied. In a recent Brazilian study, Minett et  al. found that subjects with and without SMCs performed  similarly in a series of cognitive tests, although the former  had higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale. 5 The present study aimed to further investigate this topic  in a group of cognitively healthy Brazilian elderly subjects  which were divided into two subgroups according to the  presence of SMCs and submitted to brief cognitive tests. Methods Sixty cognitively intact elderly individuals (39 females  and 21 males), aged 69.9±6.3 years (ranging from 60 to 91  years), and with mean educational level of 8.5±5.5 years  (ranging from 1 to 20 years), were included in the study.  These individuals were family caregivers of demented pa- tients followed at the Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology  Unit of the Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University  of Minas Gerais, in Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil, and also  volunteers recruited from the community. Inclusion criteria were absence of neurological or psy- chiatric diseases according to a clinical interview, absence  of depression (see below), and no use of benzodiazepines,  antidepressants or neuroleptics.  All participants were submitted to the Mini-Mental  State-Examination (MMSE) 6,7 and to the Cornell scale of  depression. 8,9  Performance on the MMSE was adjusted for  educational level and had to be greater than or equal to 21  for 1-3 years of schooling, greater than or equal to 24 for  4-7 years and greater than or equal to 26 for individuals  with 8 or more years of schooling. 10  Scores on the Cornell  scale of depression had to be less than or equal to 7 points  in order to rule out depression. 8 Cognitive evaluation was carried out with the follow- ing tests: the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BCSB) 11,12 ,  digit span forward and backward and the Frontal Assess- ment Battery (FAB). 13,14  The BCSB includes a memory test  of 10 simple figures and yields different scores, namely:  incidental and immediate memory, learning, delayed recall  and recognition. 15,16  The battery also includes a category  fluency test (animals per minute) and clock drawing and has proven very sensitive in the diagnosis of mild AD. 12  The  FAB is a brief diagnostic instrument for the assessment of  executive functions in patients with suspected frontal lobe  syndrome. 13 All individuals were given a structured self-report  memory questionnaire, the MAC-Q. 17  This questionnaire  was devised to assess age-related memory decline. It is  composed by six questions related to memory function- ing in everyday situations (e.g., to remember a telephone  number that he/she uses at least once a week) in which  the subject is asked to compare and rate his/her current  ability to when he/she was 40 years’ old. The total score on  the MAC-Q ranges from 7 to 35, where greater scores in- dicate subjective memory loss. Scores greater than or equal  to 25 have been found to be suggestive of age-associated  memory impairment. Accordingly, in the present study,  the individuals were divided into two groups: absence of  SMCs (MAC-Q scores <25) and presence of SMCs (MAC- Q scores ≥25). The performance of the two groups on the  different cognitive tests was compared. One of the authors administered the MMSE, the Cor- nell scale and the MAC-Q. Subsequently, the other inves- tigator, blinded to the subjects’ results for these three mea- sures, administered the cognitive evaluation. Descriptive analysis of the data and statistical compari- sons between the performances of the two groups on the  different cognitive tests were carried out with MedCalc  software. Student’s t-test was used for comparison of age,  educational level and MMSE scores, as well as for the results  of the other cognitive tests (digit span, BCSB and FAB).  Chi-square was employed for comparing gender distribu- tion of the two groups. Level of significance was set at 0.05.  The study was approved by the Research Ethics ... 2008;2(1):42-45 Memory loss is one of the most common complaints  arising in consultations with elderly people, being reported  by 25% to 50% of these individuals. 1  However, whether  these subjective memory complaints (SMC) are related to  objective memory deficits or to subsequent development  of dementia, remains a matter of debate. A recent review found that SMCs are not consistently  associated with current cognitive impairment, but rather  are associated with a greater risk of future cognitive de- cline. 2  Indeed, the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment  (MCI), which entails an increased likelihood of conversion  to dementia, demands the existence of SMCs, preferably  confirmed by an informant. 3 High age, female gender and low educational level are  generally associated with a higher prevalence of memory  complaints. 1  In an autopsy study, SMCs were found to be  related to the presence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathol- ogy in elderly with and without dementia, suggesting that  memory complaints in older persons may be a sign of self  awareness of a degenerative process. 4 However, SMCs might also be related to depression and some personality traits, such as neuroticism. 2  It is also pos- sible that these complaints vary according to the culture of  the people studied. In a recent Brazilian study, Minett et  al. found that subjects with and without SMCs performed  similarly in a series of cognitive tests, although the former  had higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale. 5 The present study aimed to further investigate this topic  in a group of cognitively healthy Brazilian elderly subjects  which were divided into two subgroups according to the  presence of SMCs and submitted to brief cognitive tests. Methods Sixty cognitively intact elderly individuals (39 females  and 21 males), aged 69.9±6.3 years (ranging from 60 to 91  years), and with mean educational level of 8.5±5.5 years  (ranging from 1 to 20 years), were included in the study.  These individuals were family caregivers of demented pa- tients followed at the Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology  Unit of the Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University  of Minas Gerais, in Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil, and also  volunteers recruited from the community. Inclusion criteria were absence of neurological or psy- chiatric diseases according to a clinical interview, absence  of depression (see below), and no use of benzodiazepines,  antidepressants or neuroleptics.  All participants were submitted to the Mini-Mental  State-Examination (MMSE) 6,7 and to the Cornell scale of  depression. 8,9  Performance on the MMSE was adjusted for  educational level and had to be greater than or equal to 21  for 1-3 years of schooling, greater than or equal to 24 for  4-7 years and greater than or equal to 26 for individuals  with 8 or more years of schooling. 10  Scores on the Cornell  scale of depression had to be less than or equal to 7 points  in order to rule out depression. 8 Cognitive evaluation was carried out with the follow- ing tests: the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BCSB) 11,12 ,  digit span forward and backward and the Frontal Assess- ment Battery (FAB). 13,14  The BCSB includes a memory test  of 10 simple figures and yields different scores, namely:  incidental and immediate memory, learning, delayed recall  and recognition. 15,16  The battery also includes a category  fluency test (animals per minute) and clock drawing and has proven very sensitive in the diagnosis of mild AD. 12  The  FAB is a brief diagnostic instrument for the assessment of  executive functions in patients with suspected frontal lobe  syndrome. 13 All individuals were given a structured self-report  memory questionnaire, the MAC-Q. 17  This questionnaire  was devised to assess age-related memory decline. It is  composed by six questions related to memory function- ing in everyday situations (e.g., to remember a telephone  number that he/she uses at least once a week) in which  the subject is asked to compare and rate his/her current  ability to when he/she was 40 years’ old. The total score on  the MAC-Q ranges from 7 to 35, where greater scores in- dicate subjective memory loss. Scores greater than or equal  to 25 have been found to be suggestive of age-associated  memory impairment. Accordingly, in the present study,  the individuals were divided into two groups: absence of  SMCs (MAC-Q scores <25) and presence of SMCs (MAC- Q scores ≥25). The performance of the two groups on the  different cognitive tests was compared. One of the authors administered the MMSE, the Cor- nell scale and the MAC-Q. Subsequently, the other inves- tigator, blinded to the subjects’ results for these three mea- sures, administered the cognitive evaluation. Descriptive analysis of the data and statistical compari- sons between the performances of the two groups on the  different cognitive tests were carried out with MedCalc  software. Student’s t-test was used for comparison of age,  educational level and MMSE scores, as well as for the results  of the other cognitive tests (digit span, BCSB and FAB).  Chi-square was employed for comparing gender distribu- tion of the two groups. Level of significance was set at 0.05.  The study was approved by the Research Ethics ... Neuropsychologia 2008;2(1):42-45 42 Memory complaints and cognitive performance of healthy elderly Caramelli P, Beato RG Subjective memory complaints and cognitive performance in a sample of healthy...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... Hu Dedicated to my grandmother Yunzhi Su, my parents Bailing Li and Jie Hu, my wife Xinghang, and my children Richard and Louis for their unconditional love, encouragement, and understanding. —Xiaoling ... T T 0  (3.4) In real solutions, the size and shape of the solvents and solutes are always different and self-association and coassociation among the solvents and solutes always exist. In this case, ... al., 2007; Bighley et al., 1995), particle size (Wu and Nancollas, 1998), solvates, impuri- ties, and polymorphs (Kato and Kohketsu, 1981; Pandit et al., 1984; Kobayashi et al., 2000). The solid-state...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 22:21

... significant events and dates in human life. Births, deaths, marriages, and divorces are recorded and certifi- cates issued. Morbidity data is discussed in Chapter 9. Mortality rates and their com- putation ... providing care to the person being cared for. For example, a 28 Basic Allied Health Statistics and Analysis 26 Basic Allied Health Statistics and Analysis I. HEALTH CARE OVERVIEW As mentioned, health ... The kind and extent of data collected and the uses made of the data vary from one health care institution to another. Data compiled and compared must be based on uniform collection and reporting. 4....

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 07:20

... include: ᭤ The language or languages all the participants speak and their level of fluency in the language you will be using while doing business ᭤ Their role in the organisation and their level ... demands much quicker response rates and immediacy. Our skill and approach to influencing have clearly been affected by this. ᭤ Immediacy – the ability to focus on the people and issue at hand. Challenging ... important skills, competences and attitudes that play a significant part in successful influ- encing and persuading. These skills have been identified through obser- vation of others, desk research and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 19:20