basic dielectric theory of cable

... similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim ... Terms of Use 16 CHAPTER TWO In analyzing beams of various types, the geometric properties of a variety of cross-sectional areas are used Figure 2.1 gives equations for computing area A, moment of ... moments in these beams are functions of the geometry, moments of inertia, loads, spans, and modulus of elasticity of individual members Figure 2.4 shows how any span of a continuous beam can be treated...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... Center, University of California, Berkeley.) © 2001 by CRC Press LLC FIGURE 30.35 Failure of connection of column to pile shaft FIGURE 30.36 Failure of connection of column to footing of the footing ... landslide, the first spans fell off the bent caps on the (far) north side, and the second span of the left bridge also fell off of the far bent cap (Figure 30.19) Also, the tops of the columns at Bent ... eastern part of Turnagain Heights slide (Courtesy of the National Academy of Sciences [8].) © 2001 by CRC Press LLC FIGURE 30.17 Aerial view of Turnagain Heights slide (Courtesy of the Steinbrugge...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... so important that they often dictate the very architecture and layout of the structure; certainly they dominate the design process and are the focus of this chapter Many of the other factors also ... local failure of the main member in the vicinity of the branch member, a more widespread mode of collapse may occur, e.g., general ovalizing plastic failure in the cylindrical shell of the main ... following modes of general collapse in addition to ovalizing: beam bending of the chord (in T-connection tests), beam shear (in the gap of K-connections), transverse crippling of the main member...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... connection) yield strength of angle Young’s modulus (= 29, 000 ksi) length of top angle thickness of top angle k value of top angle gauge of top angle(= 2.5 in., typical) width of nut (W = 1.25 in for ... translational degrees of freedom, MAXTOF = 300 c 1999 by CRC Press LLC Maximum rotational degrees of freedom, MAXROF = 100 Maximum number of truss elements, MAXTRS = 150 Maximum number of connections, ... 28.4 Necessary Number of Elements Member Beam member subject to uniform loads Column member of braced frame Column member of unbraced frame 28.4.7 Number of elements 2 Modeling of Geometric Imperfection...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... discussion of passively or actively damped structures 27.2.1 Single-Degree -of- Freedom Structural Systems Consider the lateral motion of the basic SDOF model, shown in Figure 27.2, consisting of a mass, ... primary purpose of occupant comfort control In this case, the heliport at the roof top is utilized as the moving mass of the AMD, which weighs 480 tons and is about 3.5% of the weight of the tower ... Dissipation and Active Control 27.1 Introduction 27.2 Basic Principles and Methods of Analysis Single-Degree -of- Freedom Structural Systems • MultiDegree -of- Freedom Structural Systems • Energy Formulations...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... by (1) often having only limited data in the tail regions of the distribution (the region most often of interest in reliability analyses), and (2) not allowing evaluation of goodness -of- fit in ... functions of the distributions of the strengths of the individual members (elements) In the simple structural idealization of a series system of n elements (for which the characterization of the ... large enough to fail all of the cables simultaneously: Fsys = F1 ∩ F2 ∩ ∩ F5 (26.64) If, for example, the probability of failure of an individual cable is 0.001, and the cable strengths are assumed...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... height of groundwater surface above top of pipe (ft) D = diameter of pipe (in.) = coefficient of elastic support B = 1+4e−0.065h E = modulus of soil reaction (psi) E = modulus of elasticity of pipe ... stiffness of the pipe wall itself and by the effect of the passive pressure It is significant to note that in the sizes of steel pipes often encountered, the ratio of the two components of resistance ... the type and level of compaction of the surrounding soil Since pipe designers often have little control over the installation of pipe, historically, a value of E in the range of 700 to 1000 psi...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... testing Two types of tests are performed: (1) fatigue testing of the strand and (2) testing of relatively short lengths of the assembled cable with anchorages The recommended test of the system is ... by the combination of a lack -of- fusion defect and the unfused edge of the backing bar On a cross-section at the deepest point of the lack -of- fusion defect, the total depth of the notch, including ... overview of the categorization of fatigue details In all cases, the applicable specifications should also be checked Several reports have been published that show a large number of illustrations of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... effect of composite action in modern frames The latter are characterized by the use of few bents to resist lateral loads, with the ratio of number of gravity to moment-resisting columns often ... [22], (Chapter of [29]) The chapter begins with discussions of both the development of M-θ curves and the effect of PR connections on frame analysis and design A clear understanding of these two ... = area of web angles resisting shear (in.2 ) AsL = area of seat angle leg (in.2 ) = effective area of slab reinforcement (in.2 ) Arb d = depth of steel beam (in.) Y3 = distance from top of steel...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... = area of flange connected by the weld y = distance from the neutral axis of the whole section to the center of gravity of the flange I = moment of inertia of the whole section n = number of welds ... for a twisting or bending load: Aw = length of weld (in.), Zw = section modulus of weld (in.2 ), Jw = polar moment of inertia of weld (in.3 ) (Courtesy of The Lincoln Electric Company With permission.) ... inch of weld Length of fillet weld L= 71.5 kip F = 12.9 in = fw 5.56 kip/in or use 5-1/2 in across the end of the plate end in along each side, a total length of 13-1/2 in The lower flange of the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... potential energy) yield strength of material moment of inertia of section length of member modulus of elasticity of material distance to outer fiber from neutral axis of section Figure 21.6 shows ... Moment of inertia: A measure of the resistance of a body to angular acceleration about a given axis that is equal to the sum of the products of each element of mass in the body and the square of ... beam size is increased to a depth of 24 in and a weight of 76 lb Its moment of inertia is now 2000 in.4 , or four times higher than that of beam A However, in terms of shock loading alone, beam B...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... three guide strands of each cable, at the center of each of the five spans Calculate the “center -of- gravity” position for each guide-strand group in each span Adjust the sag of each strand to bring ... coverage of the numerous and difficult technical challenges that can confront the construction engineer in the course of the erection of various types of major steel bridges However, some conception of ... price of some $30 million, including an allowance of $150,000, or about one-half of 1%, for construction engineering of the permanent steelwork (i.e., not including such matters as design of erection...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... to Lb /rT ; Lb is the length of the unbraced segment of the beam; and rT is the radius of gyration of the compression flange plus one-third of the compression portion of the web The AISC specification ... of yielding, εy This ratio is in the range of to 20, depending on the stiffness of the columns relative to the thickness of the plate; a value of 10 can be used in design In the derivation of ... , of the stiffener shall satisfy: bs ≤ 0.48ts E/Fyc (19.11) where = thickness of the stiffener ts = specified minimum yield strength of the compression flange Fyc The moment of inertia, Is , of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... moment of inertia of the bottom chord by the parallel-axis value of Af × df , where Af designates the area of the bottom flange of the stub and df is the distance between the centroids of the ... factors of the LRFD specification are those of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) load standard [4], for the combination of dead plus live load The load computations follow the choice of ... will offer examples of practical uses of the system, together with recommendations for suitable design and performance criteria 18.2 Description of the Stub Girder Floor System The main element of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... The aim of this chapter is to present a state -of- the-art engineering practice of the effective length factor for the design of columns in structures In the first part of this chapter, the basic ... elastic buckling load of an end-restrained framed column; E is the modulus of elasticity; I is the moment of inertia in the flexural buckling plane; and L is the unsupported length of column Physically, ... following steps: Sketch the buckled shape of the structure under consideration Assume a value of Ki for the member being investigated Calculate values of Kn for each of the other members that are rigidly...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... unsupported length of a member torsional constant, in.4 radius of gyration, in radius of gyration about minor axis, in yield stress of web, ksi yield stress of flange, ksi modulus of elasticity of steel ... appreciative of the review and suggestions of I-Hong Chen, Purdue University; Professor Ahmad Itani, University of Nevada at Reno; Professor Dennis Mertz, University of Delaware; and Professor Chia-Ming ... strength of concrete (Section 16.5.2) modulus of rupture of concrete (Section 16.5.2) probable yield strength of transverse steel (Section 16.7.4) depth of web (Figure 16.8) or depth of member...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... capacity of bolts in double shear = × (Root area) × 55.2 ksi × = 133.8 kips > 132 kips ⇒ O.K Bearing capacity of connected part: Thickness of connected angle = 3/8" Fy of angle = 50 ksi Capacity of ... Because of the use of high overload factors, the REA and NESC not require the consideration of secondary moments in the design of wood poles unless the pole is very flexible It also permits the use of ... tension in guys are normally in the range of to 10% of RBS For design of guys, the maximum tension under factored loads per NESC shall not exceed 90% of the cable breaking strength Note that for...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... Detailing of Components The structural elements of the tower should be constructed with a suitable grade of concrete following the provisions of applicable codes and standards The design of the ... sequence of progressive collapse of the as-built shell under various static and dynamic loading scenarios, the incremental effects of the progressive stages of construction, the influence of the ... with different curves meeting at the throat, and an offset of the curve describing the shell wall from the axis of rotation Important elements of the shell include the columns at the base, which...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... according to the method of generation, as the surface of translation and the surface of rotation A number of variations of form can be obtained by taking segments of the basic surfaces or by combining ... behavior of the equivalent continuum are established as in the usual continuum theory Therefore, the methods of solution and the results of the theory of plates and shells are directly applicable ... necessary to design a roof structure for a square building Figure 13.1a and b show two different ways of roof framing The roof system shown in Figure 13.1a is a complex roof comprised of planar latticed...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22

... deflection of the i-th story modulus of elasticity moment of inertia for columns moment of inertia of composite girder based on weighted average method height of the i-th story length of girder ... of the chord area of the diagonal brace modulus of elasticity horizontal force in the story story height length of braced bay length of the diagonal brace FIGURE 12.27: Lateral displacement of ... versatility of the system results from the inherent strength of the concrete floor component in compression and the tensile strength of the steel member The main advantages of combining the use of steel...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 18:22