... in terms of corpus frequencies: kl~ = frequency of common occurrence of word A and word B kl2 = corpus frequency ofword A - kll k21 = corpus frequency ofword B - kll k22 = size of corpus ... first co-occurrence vector for the case that word A is two words ahead of another word B, a second vector for the case that word A is one word ahead ofword B, a third vector for A directly following ... occurrences of words that are translationsof each other. If - for example - in a text of one language two words A and B co-occur more of- ten than expected by chance, then in a text of another...
... of the review. For opinion-bearing word features, we used pre-selected opinion-bearing words produced by a combination of two methods. The first method derived a list of opinion-bearing words ... semantic orientations of words based on WordNet2 synonyms. In our pre-vious work (Kim and Hovy, 2005), we demon-strated that the list of words produced by a com-bination of those two methods ... Determin-ing the Sentiment of Opinions. Proceedings of COLING-04. pp. 1367-1373. Geneva, Switzer-land. Kim, Soo-Min and Eduard Hovy. 2005. Automatic Detection of Opinion Bearing Words and Sen-tences....
... towards the automatic identificationof adjectival scales. We discuss the properties of adjectival scales and of groups of semantically related adjectives and how they imply sources of linguistic ... assessment of the significance of an improvement over the base line of the random algo- rithm much harder. As a consequence of point (3) made above, we need to understand the significance of the ... formal evaluation of the results. 2. BACKGROUND A linguistic scale is a set of words, of the same grammatical category, which can be ordered by their semantic strength or degree of informativeness...
... 7:18 AM Page 25SHIPBOARD AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM DISPLAYSMeeting the Needs of MarinersSHIPBOARD AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM DISPLAYSMeeting the Needs of MarinersSPECIAL REPORT ... 0-309-08550-0SPECIAL REPORT 273Shipboard AutomaticIdentification System Displays Meeting the Needs of MarinersShipboard AutomaticIdentification System Displays: Meeting the Needs of MarinersIn the next several ... of members of theNational Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.This report was sponsored by the U.S. Coast Guard.Cover photos courtesy of...
... into words: Translation: 多少_钱_的_伞_吗_? Reference: 这些_雨伞_多少_钱_? The word “伞” is a synonym for the word “雨伞”, and both words are translationsof the English word “umbrella”. If a word- level ... metrics more suitable for the automatic evaluation of Chinese translation output. 6 Conclusion In this paper, we conducted a detailed study of the relative merits of word- level versus character-level ... Linguistics Automatic Evaluation of Chinese Translation Output: Word- Level or Character-Level? Maoxi Li Chengqing Zong Hwee Tou Ng National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation,...
... role of endoscopy in the evaluation of iron deficiency anemia in patients over the age of 50. Am J Gastroenterol. 1994; 89: 1963–7. 23. Fireman Z, Gurevich V, Coscas D, et al. Results of gastrointes-tinal ... The absence of stainable iron is the “gold standard”, for diagnosis of IDA. Marrow examination shows, in addition to the absence of hemosiderin iron, a decrease in the proportion of sideroblasts, ... cause of IDA in developing countries is still nutri-tional deficiency. In some instances, an insufficient supply of iron may contribute to the development of iron deficiency. The consumption of...
... Principle of Split-Ubiquitin Screening System Studies have shown that the use of yeast two hybrid system, which is a genetic assay for in vivo detection of interactions of proteins, enables identification ... located at the C terminus of Cub will be cleaved off and result in downstream reactions, which is the activation of LacZ and HIS3 reporter genes [7]. 3.2 Identificationof Cellular Membrane Proteins ... endocytosis and HIV-mediated downregulation of CD4, and a co-receptor of coxsakie B virus. The significance of our findings is suggested by the identificationof cellular membrane proteins interacting...