automated and interactive real time systems

... analysis of audio and video and arbitrary view and sound synthesis to encoding of 3D audio and video Understanding of real- time implementation issues, as well as system architectures and network aspects ... (stereoscopic) television and immersive telecommunications 1.5 TELEOPERATION AND TELEROBOTICS Interactive systems that allow users to control and manipulate real- world objects within a remote real environment ... goal Where teleoperation systems aim to offer real- time and appropriately mapped sensory feedback, telerobotic systems have an intrinsic delay between issuing the command and carrying out the necessary...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2013, 10:21

... edition of Real- Time Systems Design and Analysis, with the descriptive subtitle Tools for the Practitioner Hardware for Real- Time Systems Real- Time Operating Systems Fundamentals of Real- Time Systems ... microprocessors and real- time operating systems became www.it-ebooks.info 22 FUNDAMENTALS OF REAL- TIME SYSTEMS TABLE 1.5 Landmarks in Real- Time Systems History in the United States Year Landmark Developer ... of the term real- time. ” Across technical and pedestrian literature, various forms of the term, such as real time, real- time, and realtime may appear But to computer, software, and systems engineers...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 16:03

... of real- time systems 1.3 EXAMPLE REAL- TIME SYSTEMS Embedded real- time systems are so pervasive that they are even found in household appliances and toys A small sampling of real- time domains and ... Operating Systems Queuing Theory Disciplines that impact on real- time systems engineering 1.3 ž ž ž ž ž ž EXAMPLE REAL- TIME SYSTEMS 13 Specification and design of real- time systems and correct ... deadline may lead to complete and catastrophic system failure 6 BASIC REAL- TIME CONCEPTS Table 1.1 A sampling of hard, soft, and firm real- time systems Real- Time Classification Automated teller machine...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 01:51

... on real- time architectures and continues with a section (Chapters and 6) on specification and verification of real- time systems, a section on real- time scheduling algorithms (Chapters to 9) and ... in real- time database systems and describes some concurrency control algorithms for accessing temporal data Then, it deals with analysing validity of active real- time systems and effects real- time ... Specification and Verification 95 Specification and Validation of Real- Time Systems Using UML Sequence Diagrams Zbigniew Huzar and Anita Walkowiak 97 Construction of Real- Time Oracle Using Timed Automata...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 11:20

... of real- time systems 1.3 EXAMPLE REAL- TIME SYSTEMS Embedded real- time systems are so pervasive that they are even found in household appliances and toys A small sampling of real- time domains and ... Operating Systems Queuing Theory Disciplines that impact on real- time systems engineering 1.3 ž ž ž ž ž ž EXAMPLE REAL- TIME SYSTEMS 13 Specification and design of real- time systems and correct ... deadline may lead to complete and catastrophic system failure 6 BASIC REAL- TIME CONCEPTS Table 1.1 A sampling of hard, soft, and firm real- time systems Real- Time Classification Automated teller machine...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... subtraction has subtract and and subtrahend, multiplication has multiplicand and multiplier, and division has dividend and divisor In a generic sense, the two terms “operandam” and “operandum” can be used ... for real- time system designers? Are they any different for non -real- time systems? 2.7 Compare and contrast the different memory technologies discussed in this chapter as they pertain to real- time ... synchronization and communication via semaphores, mailboxes, and other methods A real- time executive is a kernel that includes privatized memory Synonymously called “task.” Real- Time Systems Design and Analysis,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... theoretical results in real- time operating systems (RTOS), a fairly rigorous formulation is necessary Most 3.2 THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF REAL- TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS 89 real- time systems are inherently ... full-featured, real- time operating systems because the number of real- time tasks can vary This architecture is used in interactive on-line systems where tasks (associated with users) come and go This ... τ2 , and τ3 have decreasing priorities, and τ1 and τ3 share some data or resource that requires 118 REAL- TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS Normal Execution Blocked t1 t2 t3 t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 Time...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... high-resolution interval timer structure: struct itimerspec{ struct timespec it_value, it_interval; }; int timer_settime (timer_t timerid, int flag, struct itimerspec *value, struct itimerspec *oldvalue); ... sigevent *event, timer_t *timer_id); As per POSIX standard, different platforms can have multiple time bases, but every platform must support at least the CLOCK_REALTIME time base A timer based upon ... time- of-day clock” is the CLOCK_REALTIME clock, defined in the time. h header file The CLOCK_REALTIME clock is a systemwide clock, visible to all processes running on the system The CLOCK_REALTIME...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... Event All Traffic Standards/Display of Commanded Phase All Traffic Standards/Display of Commanded Phase All Traffic Standards/Display of Phase All Traffic Standards/Display of commanded phase Intersection ... Traffic Standards/Display of Default State Intersection Controller/Cycle Time and Splits updated Intersection Controller/Cycle Time and Splits updated All Traffic Standards/Display of Commanded Phase ... system to coexist and cooperate with other systems For example, in real- time systems the software must be able to communicate with various devices using standard bus structures and protocols A...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... early, non -real- time imageprocessing systems were data and action intensive, but did not encounter much in the way of stimuli and response Real- time systems are usually data intensive and would ... suitable then SD for the embedded real- time systems and the inertial measure unit in particular SD and object-oriented design are often compared and contrasted, and, indeed, they are similar in ... Structured Analysis and Structured Design in Real- Time Applications There are several apparent problems in using structured analysis and structured design (SASD) to model the real- time systems, including...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... accuracy of these timers is machine dependent, and not guaranteed, reducing their usefulness for real- time systems C# and the NET platform may not be appropriate for hard real- time systems for several ... it is running under a real- time Java thread or a non -real- time Java thread The specification must define the relationships that exist between real- time Java and non -real- time Java threads 344 ... divide-by-zero, and user-defined ones The ability to define and handle exceptional conditions in the high-level language aids in the construction of interrupt handlers and other code used for real- time event...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... time1 =current_clock _time( ); loop _time= time1 -time0 ; time2 =current_clock _time( ); /* read time now */ /* run empty loop */ for (i=1;i

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... the use of function points in real- time embedded systems, especially in largescale real- time databases, multimedia, and Internet support These systems are data driven and often behave like the large-scale ... information systems and therefore are not particularly applicable to many other systems, such as real- time, embedded, communications, and process control software The motivation is that these systems ... involved in the logic error Finding and eliminating errors in real- time systems is as much art than science, and the software engineer develops these skills over time with practice In many cases,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... 1995 [Bucci95] Bucci, G., Campanai, M., and Nesi, P “Tools for Specifying Real- Time Systems. ” Real- Time Systems: The International Journal of Time Critical Systems, Volume 8, Number 2/3, March/April ... and Wellings, A Real- time Systems and Their Programming Languages Addison-Wesley, New York, 1990 [Buttazzo00] Buttazzo, G Hard Real- Time Computing Systems: Predictable Scheduling Algorithms and ... Reactive real- time systems, Readers, time- relative buffering, 99–100 Ready state, 87–89, 170 Real- time code, refactoring, see Refactoring Real- time interval logic (RTIL), 168 Real- time Java (RTSJ):...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... 28.95 Volume 8, Issue 2, Article R19 comment Sample Standard1 Standard1 Standard2 Standard2 Standard3 Standard3 Standard4 Standard4 Standard5 Standard5 Genome Biology 2007, R19.4 Genome Biology 2007, ... transformed ratio and the standard deviation Virc for all runs l and a given IRC combination (m, m') and a given gene j Vsample and Vrun are calculated similarly from Asample and Arun, respectively: ... Data can be imported from a number of data formats Two standards (qBase internal format and RDML (Real- time PCR Data Markup Language)) and a number of instrument spe- The import wizard guides...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... Model Checking Real- time Systems Computers are frequently used in critical applications where predictable response times are essential for correctness Such systems are called real- time systems Examples ... is an important and nontrivial task There are two time semantics in the definition of real- time systems Discrete -time semantics [11] requires that all time readings are integers and all clocks ... 2.4 MODEL CHECKING REAL- TIME SYSTEMS 21 2.4.1 Discrete -time Systems When time is discrete, possible clock values are nonnegative integers, and events can only occur at integer time values This...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:38

... their deadlines Hard real- time systems are commonly also embedded systems Differences between real- time and time- shared systems Real- time systems are different from time shared systems in the three ... look first at real- time issues, then some specific embedded issues, and finally, at trends and issues that commonly apply to both realtime and embedded systems Real- Time Systems A real- time system ... fundamentally different from time- shared systems Overview of Embedded and Real- Time Systems 21 DSP Systems are Hard Real- Time Usually, DSP systems qualify as hard real- time systems As an example, assume...

Ngày tải lên: 22/09/2016, 10:03

... Chapter 19: Real- Time Systems s System Characteristics s Features of Real- Time Systems s Implementing Real- Time Operating Systems s Real- Time CPU Scheduling s VxWorks 5.x ... Galvin and Gagne ©2005 Objectives s To explain the timing requirements of real- time systems s To distinguish between hard and soft real- time systems s To discuss the defining characteristics of real- time ... real- time systems s To describe scheduling algorithms for hard real- time systems Operating System Concepts – 7th Edition, Jan 1, 2005 19.3 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2005 Overview of Real- Time...

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2014, 00:36

... Chapter 19: Real- Time Systems System Characteristics Features of Real- Time Systems Implementing Real- Time Operating Systems Real- Time CPU Scheduling VxWorks 5.x Operating ... Galvin and Gagne ©2005 Objectives To explain the timing requirements of real- time systems To distinguish between hard and soft real- time systems To discuss the defining characteristics of real- time ... real- time systems To describe scheduling algorithms for hard real- time systems Operating System Concepts – 7th Edition, Jan 1, 2005 19.3 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2005 Overview of Real- Time Systems...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 02:20

... Introduction Real- time systems are now becoming pervasive and are playing a vital role in our world Examples of real- time systems range from biological systems and business software to safety-critical systems ... of Timed CSP [90] and Object-Z [43] Inheriting the strengths of Timed CSP and Object-Z, TCOZ provides a unified notation for modeling both the state and process aspects of complex real- time systems ... Similarly, Sun et al [95] proposed Stateful Timed CSP, an extension of Timed CSP, to model hierarchical realtime systems Stateful Timed CSP extends Timed CSP with timed process constructs to capture...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:10