... acid derived from arachidonicacid in ACTH-stimulated steroidogenesis in rat adrenal glands J Endocrinol 125, 89–96 Wang, X & Stocco, D.M (1999) Cyclic AMP andarachidonic acid: a tale of two ... purified enzyme resulted in the release of AA Km and Vmax values obtained for the reactions were 4.1 and lM and 948 and 193 nmolÆmin)1Æmg)1 for CTE-I and a MTE-I, respectively Next, we measured the ... of arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase and nonspecific long chain acyl-CoA synthetase Prostaglandins 37, 655– 671 Irvine, R.F (1982) How is the level of free arachidonicacid controlled in mammalian cells?...
... internal standard and b) without internal standard Figure the corresponded product the deuterated standards with Standard chromatogram of ion scans Standard chromatogram of the deuterated standards ... Leukotrienes LTB4 and LTE4as analytical standards and the labelled [2H4] LTB4 and [2H4] PGE2 as internal standards were purchased from Cayman Chemicals Company (Michigan, USA) All analytical standards ... whereas [2H4] PGE2 was used for prostaglandinsand 8-isoprostane For quantification, the peak area ratio of prostaglandins derivatives analytes to [2H4] PGE2 and the peak area ratio of leukotrienes...
... flap was elevated and the granulation tissue was removed showing the true extension and depth of the infra-bone defect Debridement and root preparation were carried out with hand and ultrasonic ... were made at the first examination and saved for follow-up control examinations Radiographs were performed immediately before treatment and at 10 days, and 6, 9, and 24 months after treatment 66 ... of plaque was registred mesially, buccally, distally, and lingually Data were obtained at baseline before treatment and at 10 days, and 6,9, and 24 months after treatment Surgical Technique After...
... 38 and 22.1 ( 15.2 g -carotene/g FW in extracted samples of aril and mesocarp, respectively, and 16 and g/g of zeaxanthin and 35 and g/g of -cryptoxanthin in saponified samples of mesocarp and ... relative standard deviation, % vaccenic (in two fruit), R-linolenic, and eicosa-11-eneoic acids were also detected The fatty acid composition of the aril and seed are interesting, and they reflect ... Internal standard (nonadecanoic acid methyl ester) was added, and the extraction took place at 55 °C for 30 with shaking every 10 Extracts were filtered and dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent...
... structure and function [4] In this minireview, we focus on how diarrheic shellfish toxins (OA, dinophysistoxins and analogs) affect Ser ⁄ Thr protein phosphatases and their effects on cell adhesion and ... present in mammalian cells, PP1 and PP2A, with IC50 values of 0.2 and 20 nm for PP2Ac and PP1c inhibition, respectively [5–7] Being hydrophobic, OA can enter cells, and it has been shown that it ... compilation ª 2008 FEBS 6061 DSPs and the cytoskeleton C Vale and L M Botana Diarrheic shellfish toxins and cell adhesion The adherence of cells to each other and to the elaborate mesh that comprises...
... tubingensis (95.7% amino acid sequence identity) and A aculeatus (78.9% amino acid sequence identity) and lower similarity to bacterial endogalactanases (between 21% and 28% amino acid sequence identity) ... International (Bray, Ireland) Taq polymerase was from Gibco BRL (Breda, The Netherlands) All other standard chemicals were either obtained from Sigma or Merck Potato arabinogalactan and onion arabinogalactan ... plates and purified by rescreening at low plaque density Standard methods were used for other DNA manipulations, such as Southern analysis, subcloning, DNA digestions, and lambda phage and plasmid...
... unclear, and the functional differences between the membrane-bound and soluble UXSs is also not known In plants, UDP-GlcA is converted into UDP-d-apiose, UDP-d-galacturonic acid, UDP-Xyl and UDPl-arabinose, ... AtUGD1 and AtUXS3 in yeast (A) Immunoblotting analyses of AtUGD1 and AtUXS3 The presence of the AtUGD1 enzyme was detected with VSV-G antibody A 54-kDa protein band was observed in the TOY1 and ... FEBS 2647 Synthesis of UDP-glucuronic acidand UDP-xylose T Oka and Y Jigami Similarly, we assayed UDP-Xyl synthesis by providing UDP-GlcA as substrate and NAD+ as cofactor The cytoplasmic fraction...
... protons from a, b and c positions of 3-hydroxy fatty acids are marked with; -CH ¼ CH-, -CH3, and -CH2-, a, b and c, respectively CHCl3, DMSO and H2O represent signals from solvents and absorbed water ... 3-OH-i-13:0 and two 3-OH-20:0 acids, as well as two ester-bound acids (e.g 20:0 and 27-OH-28:0) This is merely one possible explanation due to the fact that numerous combinations of fatty acids different ... 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose (DAG) and a complex set of fatty acids (both ester and amide bound), as described previously [24], but also galacturonic acidand phosphate residues The presence...
... CoA formed from arachidonicacid in rabbit kidney medulla microsomes: the roles of Zn2+ and Cu2+ as modulators of formation of the two products Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 61, 105–112 ... AMP andarachidonic acid: a tale of two pathways Mol Cell Endocrinol 158, 7–12 Wang XJ, Dyson MT, Jo Y, Eubank DW & Stocco DM (2003) Involvement of 5-lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonicacid ... Effect of fatty acids, CoA derivatives of fatty acids, BPB, NDGA and malonyl-CoA on progesterone production in isolated mitochondria Mitochondria were isolated from MA-10 cells and preincubated...
... ribitol teichoic acid from the cell wall of S azureus RIA 1009 [24] and based on the analysis of the products formed upon acidand enzymatic hydrolysis Acid hydrolysis afforded glucose and ribitol ... signals at d4.90 (J1,2 < Hz) and 5.07 (J1,2 3.6 Hz) and two signals of lower intensities at d4.55 (J1,2 7.9 Hz) and 4.66 (J1,2 7.9 Hz) (Table 2) Two signals at d1.93 and 2.07 were observed in the ... interpreted from the analysis of 2D homonuclear 1H, 1H COSY, TOCSY and ROESY spectra and 2D heteronuclear 1H, 13C HSQC (Fig 1) and HMBC and 1H, 31P HMQC spectra The spectroscopic data obtained suggested...
... analogues and other longer ligands are required to establish the mechanism of ligand binding and product formation Ascorbic acid inhibits the functional activity of HylP2 Ascorbic acid has previously ... continuous and well defined for both the backbone and side chains of the protein The structure determination revealed excellent electron densities for the ligands, ascorbic acid (Fig 2) and lactose ... regions and associated structural changes upon ligand binding have not been characterized so far To understand the structure and function relationship of unusually structured triple-stranded hyaluronate...
... binding to different TGA factors and transcriptional activation potential Nucleic Acids Res 30, 775–781 46 Johnson, C., Boden, E & Arias, J (2003) Salicylic acidand NPR1 induce the recruitment ... mutant plasmid was digested with HpaI and BamHI and ligated to a 0.6 kb HpaI/BamHI fragment obtained from p-906PR1a by PCR amplification with a pUC universal primer and PR-47 (5¢-CAAGCTTGTTAACTGACGTAAGGGATGACGGC ... were monitored prior to and after infection for expression of the endogenous PR-1 proteins and the W381::PR-1a reporter protein by immunodetection As shown in Fig 1, two bands were observed consistently...
... occur The same seems to hold for the derivatives of mandelic acid: 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid is oxidized by tyrosinase, whereas 4-hydroxymandelic acid is not [24] Although the studies with N crassa ... The residual trichloroacetic acidand acetic acid released from the solvent were neutralized with NaOD, the volume of the sample was brought up to mL with D2O and the proton NMR spectrum was ... (curve 1) and its equimolar mixture with amino-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methyl phosphonic acid (curve 2) by tyrosinase The reaction volume was mL and contained 0.1 mM of each substrate and 69 lg...
... The condensate, 60f which was considered to consist of acetic acid w K and Jvater, was analyzed for the acid by titraltion v,ith standard sodium hydroxide, using ; phenolphthalein as the indicator ... in acetic acid, it was possible to go to as high as 60 weight % salt in the wateriich region but only t o about 30 weight % in the acid- rich range For any particular run, the acetic acid- water ... 128 INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY Vol 42, No TABLEI VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM BOILING AND POINT DAT-4 FOR ACETIC ACID- WATER-CALCIUM L O R I D E SYSTEM CH (Pressure,...
... latency, threshold and amplitude of electromyogram and number, thickness, circumference and area of myelinated nerve fibers derived from rabbits with and without facial nerve injury and repair using ... were used to observe, record, and analyze animal behaviour in terms of signs and extents of muscular atrophy of lips, blink reflex, and ear motion of animals before and 12 weeks after peripheral ... of peripheral nerve injury [9,22] Severe scarring and fibrosis are the most frequent problems Hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen are ubiquitous and are major components of extracellular matrix...
... III and Cytochrome C- comlex IV Citric Acid Cycle INTRODUCTION The citric acid cycle is a central metabolic pathway that completes the oxidative degradation of fatty acids, amino acids, and monosaccharides ... of the citric acid cycle; and Understand the reactions that replenish citric acid cycle intermediates 13 CELLULAR LOCATION Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells use the citric acid cycle to help ... the fatty acid palmitic acid, and the amino acids lysine and glutamate are depicted These molecules are degraded to a common compound called acetyl-CoA, the initiator of the citric acid cycle...
... moist peat-sand substrate and incubated as described above Treatments (control, application of ethephon, GA3 or tap water) Ethephon (2-chlorethylphosphonic acid, C2H6ClO3P) or gibberellic acid (GA3, ... Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination San Diego, Academic Press: 666 Bewley J.D., Black M (1982): Physiology and Biochemistry of Seeds in Relation to Germination Viability, Dormancy and ... Czech) Hudson J.L (2005): Gibberellic acid kits and supplies, Gibberellic acid- 3 information sheet Available at http://www jlhudsonseeds.net/GibberellicAcid.htm (accessed January 25, 2005) Martincová...
... chromatograms by taking into account an external standard of lauric acidand methyl laurate Journal of Physical Science, Vol 20(2), 23–36, 2009 27 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Volume adsorbed (cm3/g STP) ... molecular water, and the band at around 3400 cm–1 corresponded to structural hydroxyl groups and also OH stretching of physically absorbed water There were two peaks at 1216 and 1148 cm–1 for ... Figure 7: Conversion (●), selectivity (○) and yield (▼) of methyl laurate from the esterification of lauric acidand methanol as a function of (a) Nafion resin and (b) Nafion resin load in the NR/S...
... concentrations) in alder, and from 7.7 (no GA3 ) to 4.4 (100 ppm GA3 ) and 4.0 (200 ppm GA3 ) in birch The equivalent values for the TMC seeds were 8.0, 6.2 and 5.9 in alder; and 5.8, 4.9 and 4.6 in birch ... in FI and TMC seeds of alder and birch In addition, the effect of priming at 15 ◦ C with or without PEG on the germination response of FI and TMC seeds without GA3 was examined MATERIALS AND METHODS ... (about 50% and 53% MC in alder and birch, respectively) for treatment, as used in standard operational practice, while others were adjusted to TMC levels (Tab III) The TMC levels (30% and 35% MC...