... accelerated the debate on the democratization of the
Middle East. The United States and Europe, he argued, have no choice but to engage in
the Middle East. The Europeans have a responsibility to help the ... at
www.rand.org.
12
the next decade. While 11/9 (the fall of the Berlin wall) had marked the end of the cold
War, 9/11 (the attacks on the Twin Towers and the Pentagon) signaled the end of
American ... Britain during the days of the Ottoman empire, the United
States has convinced the governments of the region that it is the only solution to the
region’s problem. At the same time, there is increasing...
... pres-
suring their judicial system to reform laws to give women the right to transfer their
nationality to their children when the father is a foreigner. Tunis and Turkey are the
only countries in the ... governing their family codes.
CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
Adopted in 1989, the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is a legally binding
international instrument for the welfare ... Policies for
the MiddleEast and North Africa, with the aim of sharing experiences in develop-
ing and implementing national policies. The seminar highlighted the lack of unity
in the visions...
... to the role of the state and its institutions in various
areas of the business environment. The report goes beyond the laws and
the regulatory frameworks in place, to dig into the role of the ... structural transformation of
the economy—especially in terms of exports—such as the one witnessed
in high-growth EastAsia or in Eastern Europe. The ongoing growth
slowdown in the Organisation for Economic ... has mainly
been driven by the oil boom. The recent drop in oil prices and their
volatility is yet another reminder for these countries that the diversifica-
tion of their economies remains a...
... of the Arab countries’,
fails to include the non-Arab countries of theMiddleEast and therefore cannot strictly be
used to make comparisons with other aggregates, such as theMiddleEast ... that it remains, as it has done at least since 1948, at the centre of
Middle Eastern politics.
Finally, although the majority of the population of theMiddleEast consists of Arabic-
speaking ... NAMES
The Arabic language is used over a vast area. Though the written language and the script
are standard throughout theMiddle East, the spoken language and also the pronunciation
of the written...
... Managers) supervised the preparation
of the report. The report belongs to the MENA Development Reports
series, which is coordinated by the Office of the Chief Economist for the
MiddleEast and North ... reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the gov-
ernments they represent.
The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The
boundaries, ... for the 10–14 age group. Information for the 5–9 age group is not available.
16 The Road Not Traveled
problem for MENA countries, then, is not the growth of the average
years of schooling; rather,...
... unlimited
The MiddleEast After the Iraq War
THE IRAQ EFFECT
Frederic Wehrey Dalia Dassa Kaye Jessica Watkins
Jeffrey Martini Robert A. Guffey
2 The Iraq Effect: TheMiddleEast After the Iraq ... hardened jihadists would
“bleed out” to fronts in theMiddle East, Europe, and elsewhere, where
xiv The Iraq Effect: TheMiddleEast After the Iraq War
other extraregional powers—most notably Russia ...
xxii The Iraq Effect: TheMiddleEast After the Iraq War
Jordan. Rather than ignore the extent of this problem because of politi-
cal sensitivities (the Jordanian government refuses to use the...
... the umma is given life.
The sunna is the policy followed by the king.
The king is the organiser who is supported by the army.
The army is the bodyguard paid by the treasury.
The treasury is the ... justice as the maintenance of
that balance.
19
This idea of balance appears in the Qur’an as well, both in
the form of the scales of justice and in the form of themiddle way, the mean
between ... shepherd over the flocks of God, the light or illumination given
to rulers by God, the responsibility of rulers for the welfare of their people
and the resulting increase of the yield of the land...
... Reproductive Health in theMiddleEast and North
Africa: 76.
24
Aoyama, Reproductive Health in theMiddleEast and North
Africa: 57.
25
Aoyama, Reproductive Health in theMiddleEast and North
Africa: ... although there have been
WOMEN’S REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IN THE
MIDDLEEAST AND NORTH AFRICA
Improving reproductive health care in theMiddleEast and
North Africa would benefit not just women and their ... Aoyama, Reproductive Health in theMiddleEast and
North Africa: Well-Being for All (Washington, DC: World
Bank, 2001): 27.
3
Aoyama, Reproductive Health in theMiddleEast and North
Africa: xxi.
4...
... compare the stars of economic development, the
East Asians, with Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) coun-
tries. The World Bank undertook the methodologically standard
comparison of growth of the ... As a result, they also
threaten to undermine confidence in the U.S. security guarantee.
In theMiddle East, the use of WMD is not a hypothetical threat. The
Iran-Iraq war witnessed the repeated ... prices:
Unlike theEast Asian case, incomes in theMiddleEast grew for the
reasons that were fundamentally exogenous to the difficult process
of structural transformation. This matters, because the entrenched
habits...
... terms of the rationale, the
strategy, as well as the roadmap, for the
creation of Asian bond markets.
What are the Asian bonds?
Asian bonds share three common factors;
Asian issuers, Asian investors ... be
created in East Asia, would they be
viable? What is the economic
rationale for the creation of regional
bond markets in East Asia?
- What would be the structure and
characteristics of these markets, ... The Structure and Characteristics of East Asian Bond Markets”
The following papers were submitted to the Conference as background materials:
Rhee, S. Ghon and Gregory R. Stone (2003), The Asian...
... improve the health of these children. The report tries to deal
with the questions of what is different about the living situations and life chances of
these children (compared with the “average” ... more effectively?
These questions are particularly important in Asia and the Near East because of the
rapid pace of urbanization in that area. In the next decade most of the U.S. Agency
for ... and Lily Kak of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
Asia and Near East (ANE) Bureau began to express their concerns about the health
needs of the urban poor in the rapidly urbanizing...
... to the Palestinians
Congressional Research Service 22
(b) the extent to which the provision of such services to such persons furthers the security
interests of the United States and of other ... hearing before the House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on theMiddleEast
and South Asia, Lieutenant General Michael Moeller, the current USSC,
44
outlined some changes
in emphasis for the USSC/INL ... members of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee had placed a hold on
the funds (with Granger not participating in the hold on the INCLE portion).
5
The hold on INCLE
funding was lifted in the fall...
... broad range of U.S.
policy goals in theMiddle East. The authors hope
that, taken together, the essays also provide the
10 THE ROAD AHEAD :MIDDLE EAST POLICY IN THE BUSH A DMINISTRATION’S SECOND ... aimed at the
eventual creation of a MiddleEast Free Trade
Area and a Greater MiddleEast Initiative for
reform, which, in collaboration with the G-8,
2 THE ROAD AHEAD :MIDDLE EAST P OLICY IN THE BUSH ... fellow
at the Saban Center. He is the Anwar Sadat
Professor at the University of Maryland and
author of The Stakes: America and the Middle
East (2002). His many other publications on
Middle East politics...
... Iraq, U.S. fortunes in
the region, and the politics and stability of theMiddle East. They
are now the responsibility of the Obama administration, which
inherited the Iraq conflict from its ... accommodating the lack
of freedom in theMiddleEast did nothing to make us safe—because
in the long run, stability cannot be purchased at the expense of liberty.
As long as theMiddleEast remains ... PM5/16/2011 1:20:33 PM
Obama in theMiddleEast 9
Obama’s major challenge in the greater MiddleEast is to resist the
temptat ion to fa l l into th i s trap, which wou ld lim it the United States to
a...