approach to the patient with tumors of the central nervous system

... RNA within the cell is reverse transcribed into double-stranded DNA which can then integrate randomly into the host cell genome The use of retrovirus vectors for gene delivery to the nervous system ... SURFACE MODIFICATION OF BACULOVIRUS DERIVED VECTORS FOR IMPROVED GENE DELIVERY TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM YANG YI (B Eng.) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE ... member of the retrovirus family The main advantage of lentivirus-based vectors is their ability to integrate into the host genome of both dividing and nondividing cells, thereby providing the potential...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 11:28

... transfers the gene into the nuclei of target cell is another key Chapter Introduction issue of gene therapy The tropism of the vector can essentially determine the cell type-specificity of the transgene ... expression in the CNS, and to test or modify viral vectors suitable to harbor these promoters The ultimate objective of the study is to use these promoters and vectors for gene therapy of neurological ... difficulty of gene delivery In sight of these considerations, special attention has to be paid to the gene delivery system, especially to the safety issue which is related to the vector and the temporal...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... and B, ×66 C and D, ×132 Immunohistochmical study of nitric oxide synthase in the central nervous system of goat Enhanced expression of nNOS and iNOS in L monocytogenes-infected brain At necropsy, ... found in the neuronal processes Both nNOS and iNOS immunoreactivity were found in a proportion of the neurons in the brainstem and the staining pattern was similar to those of control brains with ... is the first study of NOS expression in the goat brain with listeriosis The involvement of iNOS in bovine and caprine listeriosis has been reported previously, and the increased expression of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:23

... presentation of primary angiitis of the central nervous system Ann Rheum Dis 2008, 67:1732-1735 doi:10.1186/1477-7819-9-97 Cite this article as: You et al.: Isolated angiitis of the central nervous system ... of the central nervous system: emerging variants Q J Med 2005, 98:643-654 Markus K, Peter B: Primary central nervous system vasculitis: clinical experiences with 21 new European cases Rheumatol ... Vasculitis of the nervous system Curr Opin Neurol 2004, 17:317-336 16 Calabrese LH, Furlan AJ, Gragg LA, Ropos TJ: Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnostic criteria and clinical approach...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 02:20

... gene therapy: gene delivery systems (vectors), regulatory elements and therapeutic genes The vectors refer to the carriers of transgene into target cells, and they have been commonly divided into ... uptake into the cells, release from the endosomal compartment into the cytoplasm, and uptake of the DNA into the nucleus This multi-step process indicates that there are many factors affecting the ... three components to generate a safe and effective way for the delivery of genes into the patient and subsequent treatment of the disease by the transgene In the current stage of gene therapy, most...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 10:15

... acquired the neuroendocrine vesicles equivalent to those seen in the present-day neurons of higher animals by the time of the emergence of the Plathelminthes in the evolutionary history The eye of the ... In the stalk region of the photoreceptor cells, neuropeptides may be synthesized and work to modulate the transmission of light stimulus To clarify the role of the amidated neuropeptides in the ... amidation of the neuropeptide, might predate or coincide with the emergence of the CNS in animals Thus, as the second objective of our present study, we examined the colocalization of PHM with cytochrome...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... some of the data on the role of CCR5 in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE appears to be conflicting, the weight of evidence identifies CCR5 as an active participant in the recruitment of inflammatory ... due to apoptosis Many studies have demonstrated apoptosis of infiltrating cells in the CNS of animals with EAE [80] The limitation of inflammation seen in the CNS could also be the result of a ... combination with a lack of recruitment into the CNS late in the disease due to a decrease in the expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules Another possibility is the exhaustion of infiltrating...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... Abnormal CT scans of the brain in asymptomatic children with acute lymphocytic leukemia after prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system with radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy N Engl ... are planned that further reduce the dose of craniospinal radiation to 1,800 cGy, virtually no attention has been paid to the possible contribution of the chemotherapy to the cognitive decline ... to reduce the dose of radiation to the brain and spinal cord from 3,600 centiGray (cGy) to 2,400 cGy led to the development of a protocol in which reduced craniospinal radiation was coupled with...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... also raise the question of whether multiple pathological changes contribute to the effects of chemotherapy on cognition The ability of irradiation to the CNS to suppress the generation of new neurons ... Abnormal CT scans of the brain in asymptomatic children with acute lymphocytic leukemia after prophylactic treatment of the central nervous system with radiation and intrathecal chemother apy N Engl ... damage to white matter associated with the systemic administration of chemotherapy These results are of particular interest in the context of many clinical reports that have identified neurotoxicity...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... known that the nanoparticles will interact with the proteins present in the biological system, i.e the material surrounding the nanoparticles are proteins present in the nervous system of the cockroach ... This correlation of activity and the effect of the nAuNPs on the CNS of the insect are due to how the brain of the cockroach controls its muscle response and locomotion [6] There is a significant ... X-ray radiation at a power of 350 W and a base pressure of 10-10 Torr The XPS system was used to verify the presence of the nanoparticles inside the brain by scanning the cryocut and fixed cockroach...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... most patients They cause significant distress to both patients and their carers and lead to early institutionalization of patients An additional impact of AD is on the day to day activity of patients ... showed the highest prevalence of dementia It is estimated that these parts of the world along with China will be home to around 55% of total affected population worldwide by 2040 The prevalence of ... of H2S measurement, it’s almost impossible to determine the active form of H2S (H2S, HS- or S2-) present in the biological system Hence the all-encompassing term of H2S is now used to refer the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:17

... showing the arrangement of aCC/RP2 motor neurons within the central nervous system of stage-16 embryo FCS measurements were done on the upper and bottom membranes of aCC/RP2 motor neurons The bottom ... glass to avoid drift with respect to the cover glass bottom The nerve cord of the embryo faced downward towards the cover glass bottom for FCS measurement This approach placed the aCC and RP2 motor ... statistics, the variance is equal to the mean value Therefore, the standard deviation (σ) is equal to the square root of the mean value Although it is important to minimize the number of molecules...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:36

... the brain, as this might be useful to the understanding of the control of locomotion and pain responses The identification of the receptor(s), and the identification of the specific regions of ... potentially be a mixture of neurotoxins (which attack the nervous system) , hemotoxins (which attack the circulatory system) , cytotoxins and many other toxins that affect the body in different ways ... to study ohanin and its precursor to 17 understand the actual processes that allow the 12 kDa protein to transverse the BBB, and to study in detail the regions of interaction of the protein with...

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2015, 15:35

... delivering the anesthetic to the lungs, (3) transfer of the gas from the alveoli to the blood flowing through the lungs, and (4) loss of the agent from the arterial blood to all the tissues of the body ... in the Central Nervous System The capacity to integrate information from a variety of external and internal sources epitomizes the cardinal role of the CNS, namely to optimize the needs of the ... full cognizance of the factors related to the delivery of anesthetic gases to the brain, there remains the need to characterize and quantify the relative potencies of volatile anesthetic agents...

Ngày tải lên: 12/07/2014, 20:21

... injury due to cancer treatment The knowledge gained from this and other studies will guide the development of translational clinical research to protect the nervous system from injury, to better ... processing of an auditory stimulus compared with controls [15] Interestingly, all of the patients had received 5-FU as part of their treatment Journal of Biology 2008, 7:11 Journal of Biology 2008, ... injection They found a more persistent suppression of proliferation in regions of the brain where proliferation is essential to normal function (the subventricular zone, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... First, Mira tethers Pros to the apical membrane and then to the basal cortex of dividing NBs, directing Pros into GMCs which bud off from the basal side of NBs; second, Mira needs to be down- 24 ... and PAR-6 extend their localization from the anterior half of the cortex into the anterior part of the posterior cortex such that their localizations partially overlap with those of PAR-1 and PAR-2 ... CHARACTERIZATION OF MP2 CELL DIVISION AND PINS FUNCTION ON SPINDLE ASYMMETRY OF DROSOPHILA CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LIN SHUPING (M.Sc.) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 09:55

... Fig 52-3) and to formulate a differential diagnosis (Table 52-4) For instance, the finding of scaling papules (present in patients with psoriasis or atopic dermatitis) places the patient in a ... that the erosion is the primary lesion and the redness and scale are secondary, while the correct interpretation would be that the patient has a pruritic eczematous dermatitis with erosions caused ... nevomelanocytic nevus (Fig 52-2) can be difficult to recognize To aid in the interpretation of skin lesions, a variety of descriptive terms have been developed to characterize cutaneous lesions (Tables...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... configuration of skin lesions formed from coalescing rings or incomplete rings Pruritus: A sensation that elicits the desire to scratch Pruritus is often the predominant symptom of inflammatory skin ... Erosion: Loss of epidermis without an associated loss of dermis Ulcer: Loss of epidermis and at least a portion of the underlying dermis Excoriation: Linear, angular ... epidermal atrophy) Scar: A change in the skin secondary to trauma or inflammation Sites may be erythematous, hypopigmented, or hyperpigmented depending on their age or character Sites on hair-bearing...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... assess the distribution of the eruption accurately The patient should first be viewed from a distance of about 1.5–2 m (4–6 ft) so that the general character of the skin and the distribution of lesions ... eruption than is a patient with a similar rash limited to the sun-exposed portions of the face Once the distribution of the lesions has been established, the nature of the primary lesion must be ... distribution of lesions often correlates highly with diagnosis (Fig 52-6) For example, a hospitalized patient with a generalized erythematous exanthem is more likely to have a drug eruption than is a patient...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20

... The distribution of some common dermatologic diseases and lesions Figure 52-7 Psoriasis This papulosquamous skin disease is characterized by small and large erythematous papules and plaques with...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 20:20