applications of transport phenomena

... types of rate processes: rate of heat transfer, rate of mass transfer, rate of momentum transfer, and rate of reaction The first three of these are the subject of this text The fourth, rate of reaction, ... Engineering, University of Minnesota James Wei, Professor of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology I&xx S Peters, Emeritus Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Colorado ... James R Fair, Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin William P Schowalter, Professor of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University Matthew ‘IkreU, Professor of Chemical Engineering,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:46

... of staples were used in this study, two of which were made of nickel-titanium (nitinol) memory material All the staples had a bridge dimension of 14 mm and leg dimensions of 12 mm The first of ... moment to achieve 10 degree of bending or torsion at the osteotomy site of the specimen A 10 degree deformation of the construct was considered as mechanical failure of the staple as in a clinical ... the comparative analysis of biomechanical properties of bone staples The fixation stiffness in bone staples is one of the most important factors determining the success of osteosynthesis along...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 21:23

... Summary of test results of 90 degree crossing 306 Table F-3 Summary of test results of 60, 45, 30 degree crossing 308 Table F-4 Summary of pull-over force time history 309 xii List of ... FE Model of External Pressure 182 6.1.2 FE model of Denting with Existence of External Pressure 189 6.2 Effect of External Pressure 193 6.2.1 Pipe-in-Pipe FE model of Denting ... OVERTRAWLABILITY OF SUBSEA PIPELINES Figure 2-13 Geometry of the plastically deforming cross-section (Wierzbicki and Suh, 1988) Figure 2-14 Present computational model of the shell consisting of a system of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:25

... MD simulation of the RNIL process The objectives of this study are to understand the deformation behavior of imprinted film and the effect of adhesion and friction with changes of the roller tooth ... displacement of 0.002° per time step The unit of time step was 10-15 s The characteristic width and height of the roller tooth were both nm The roller was composed of 11294 atoms The width and height of ... isothermal state of 300 K by rescaling the velocities of the atoms [18] The velocity Verlet algorithm with a time step of fs was used for the time integration of Newton’s equations of motion Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... (lightness of color) and b* (yellowness of color), with an increase in a* (redness of color) Similar results were also reported by Ganesan et al (2005) Table The Effect of the Rate of Solubles ... they evaluated color in batches of DDGS where approximately 0, 30, 60 and 100% of the maximum possible of syrup was added to the mash before drying Actual rates of solubles addition to the mash ... color Corn-sorghum blends of DDGS are also somewhat darker in color than corn DDGS because of the bronze color of many sorghum varieties When a relatively high proportion of solubles are added to...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2012, 10:03

... standardized protocol of testing the mechanical behaviour of a hip spacer available, the loading procedure was defined following the recommendations of the ISO 7206 standard for determination of fatigue ... non-linear displacement behaviour of the reinforced spacer and resulted into periprosthetic fractures of the proximal part of the femur (Fig 6) Fracture was of explosion type where the spacer ... 23:61-62 18 ISO 7206-4 Determination of endurance properties of stemmed femoral components with application of torsion ISO 1989 19 Viceconti M, Casali M, Massari B, Cristofolini L, Bassini S, Toni A...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:53

... vertical dB beam width of about 30◦ and null to null beam width of nearly 60◦ Using the modified antenna, a number of the sets of data were repeated A comparison of one of the data sets taken ... clusters and the arrival times of rays within clusters The time of arrival of each cluster is an exponentially distributed random variable conditioned on the time of arrival of the previous cluster ... studied the characteristics of indoor multipath propagation, have not addressed the area of angle of arrival for two reasons Measuring angle of arrival simultaneously with time of arrival is much more...

Ngày tải lên: 20/11/2012, 11:32

... amounts of food waste and sewage sludge were added in individual bottles Each bottle was supplemented with 200 mg of KH2PO4, 14 mg of MgCl2•4H2O, mg of Na2MoO4•4H2O, mg of CaCl2•2H2O, 2.5 mg of MnCl2•6H2O, ... Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol.1, No.2, 2003 and 0:100 for 3.0 and 5.0 % of total VS concentrations could not be conducted because of low VS concentration of sewage sludge 20 mL of ... Stoichiometrically, Clostridium sp can produce moles of hydrogen with mole of n-butyrate or moles of hydrogen with mole of acetate from mole of hexose In most cases using soluble defined substrates,...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... using the software of Fractal Image Process System (FIPS) developed by the University Science and Technology of China The hydrophobicity of sludge was determined by measuring contact angle of sludge ... 1000-mL heat-treated seed sludge of volatile suspended solids (VSS) of 19.2 g L-1 and mL of nutrients solution were added to the fermentor The working volume of the fermentor was adjusted to ... temperatures of the injector and detector were 250oC and 300oC, respectively The initial temperature of oven was 70oC for followed with a ramp of 20oC min-1 for 5.5 and to final temperature of 180oC...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... the first days of incubation period and became persistent This degradation of binding sites was also in line with the increment of labile Zn concentration during the first days of incubation Consequently, ... weeks of pre-incubation period, indicating the availability and activities of microorganism in river water However, as shown in Fig 3, there was no considerable change of DOC in the mixture of DOM ... of DOM of WWTP effluents and pre-incubated river water within the first week of incubation Slight DOC reduction (14%) was observed after one month of incubation In contrast to the results of the...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... as coenzymes in the electron transport chain for respiration of microorganisms The major type of quinone contained in each microorganism depends on the features of the microorganism (Collins’ ... (Miura et al., 2007) Evaluation of denitrification activity of microorganisms Batch experiments for the evaluation of DNR, and a quinone analysis for the evaluation of the microorganism community ... Fig - Outline of the experimental field and the water treatment apparatus - 422 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 8, No.4, 2010 Paddy field The characteristics of the paddy field...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... cultivation and the ratio of the increased amount of SS to the increased amount of Chl.a was higher than that of the algae Increased amount of SS were higher in the cases of high nitrate concentration ... part of Japan The western side of the region faces the Seto Inland Sea, around which are Fig.1 - Location of study area and distribution of citrus groves in Matsuyama region - 112 - Journal of ... more of the potential of the denitrifying activity was exploited The dissolution rate of organic matter from the sediment was sufficient, and limitation of denitrification caused by depletion of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... on nearly all transport phenomena, and knowledge of the magnitude of temperature increases due to irreversibilities might help preventing cell failure Figure shows the distribution of the temperature ... to transportation through adjacent layers [9] Loss of platinum correspondingly compromises the EASA Such phenomenon can also be accompanied by an apparent migration of platinum Migration of metal ... implementation of phase change inside the gas diffusion layers The model includes the transport of gaseous species, liquid water, protons, energy, and water dissolved in the ion-conducting polymer Water transport...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... Journal of Energy and Environment (IJEE), Volume 1, Issue 3, 2010, pp.411-430 421 % of Premixed combustion % of Diffusion combustion Trend line of % of diffusion combustion Trend line of % of premixed ... volume, JT 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 50 % of tallow oil methyl ester by volume, SFCt 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of sunflower oil methyl ester and 50 % of coconut oil methyl ... Where, JT 80:20 = Blend of 80 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 20 % of tallow oil methyl ester by volume, JP 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 50 % of palm oil methyl ester...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... bend of bridging secondary amine of the blended resin, and the peak at 1493 cm-1 can be attributed to the methylene C-H bend of the blended resin[30] The –OH bending vibration of –COOH group of ... Effect of pH on the adsorption of Ni2+ ions The effect of the initial Ni2+ concentration on the Ni2+ adsorption capacity of the blended resin at 298 K and pH 6.6 was studied with g/L of blended ... chelating group, the pH dependencies of the Ni2+ ion have to be determined The effect of pH on the adsorption capacities of Ni2+ were examined by varying the initial pH of the solutions The solution...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... Behavior of the Very Small • electrons are incredibly small a single speck of dust has more electrons than the number of people who have ever lived on earth • electron behavior determines much of ... see in the properties of the elements Tro, Chemistry: A Molecular Approach The Nature of Light its Wave Nature • light is a form of electromagnetic radiation  composed of perpendicular oscillating ... Characterizing Waves • the frequency, (ν) is the number of waves that pass a point in a given period of time the number of waves = number of cycles units are hertz, (Hz) or cycles/s = s-1 1...

Ngày tải lên: 28/11/2013, 01:11

... Sources of Information Perspectives of Information Module 3: Characteristics of Information 57 ! Overview Slide Objective To provide an overview of the module topics and objectives " Categories of ... Characteristics of Information ! Categories of Information Slide Objective To provide an overview of the section " Business " Applications " Information " Technology " Activity 3.1: Identifying Categories of ... the four categories of information present in a set of information Module 3: Characteristics of Information 65 ! Sources of Information Slide Objective To provide an overview of the section " Artifacts...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 17:15

... and 2.8(f) These may be thought of as the absence of a plane of atoms (intrinsic stacking faults) or the insertion of rows of atoms that disturb the arrangement of atoms (extrinsic stacking faults) ... example of volume defects is presented in Fig 2.9 This shows MnS inclusions in an A707 steel Another example of a volume defect is presented in Fig 1.16(d) This shows evidence of $1–2 vol % of porosity ... approximately 0.3–0.5 of the melting temperature in degrees Kelvin Since the evolution of microstructure is often controlled by diffusion processes, a brief introduction to elementary aspects of diffusion...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 00:15

... macroscopic level of understanding of structure [Figs 16(a)–(d)] They are often unaware of the atomic and microstructural constituents that can affect the mechanical behavior of materials and of the role ... and Fracture Process Zones Mechanisms of Fracture in Metals and Their Alloys Fracture of Intermetallics Fracture of Ceramics Fracture of Polymers Fracture of Composites Quantitative Fractography ... symmetry of the crystal An example of a two-dimensional unit cell is shown in Fig 1.10(a) This illustrates the two-dimensional layered structure of graphite which is one of the allotropes of carbon...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 00:15

... percentage of the forward current will contribute to the generation of light At sufficient current densities, the percentage of forward current which produces light is almost a constant For an IRED of ... amount of light generated by the IRED when a heat sink is used This is a clear example of the law of diminishing returns: increasing the forward drive current will increase the amount of light ... current density (Amps/cm2 of junction area) IREDs are commonly considered to emit monochromatic light, or light of one color In fact, they emit light over a narrow band of wavelengths, typically...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 00:16