application to transmission electron microscopy data

... enough energy is added to cause the electrically neutral atoms of the gas to split into positively and negatively charged atoms and electrons The precursor species injected into the plasma jet (nitrogen ... the distortions due to the electron lenses removed The development of high-brightness, high-coherence electron sources (field emission guns) have made it possible to obtain holograms using electron ... chemical and electronic structure information can also be obtained at high spatial resolution Under the impact of the incident electrons, the electrons at the ground state atoms may be excited to a free...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... oxygen pressure of 1×10-6 torr, the electron beam dissociates molecular oxygen into atomic species, resulting in the oxidation of ZnS into non-luminescent ZnO layer, leading to a reduction in cathodoluminescent ... the S atoms of top two bilayers are replaced by O atoms Five bilayers of ZnS have been considered for the calculation and each bilayer consists of Zn and S atomic layers The bottom Zn atoms were ... for BN synthesis are often too high to be compatible with microelectronic processing on conventional semiconductor substrates Hence, the properties and technological applications of BN nanotubes,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... amorphous coating at the bent area is too thick to permit enough electrons to pass though, preventing high quality electron imaging of this elbow area In order to understand the intrinsic properties ... are likely to change the growth direction from [111] to [ 11 ], the defect free region The SiC wire-in-silicon oxide nanocones may offer applications for structural applications due to their mechanical ... for the film to exhibit the desired optical and structural properties to be used in photovoltaic 152 Chapter Novel heterogeneous reaction route to Cu chalcopyrite thin films device applications...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... Principles of transmission electron microscopy Chapter Principles of transmission electron microscopy 3.1 Introduction to transmission electron microscopy Electron microscopy can be seen to be superior ... References 29 Principles of transmission electron microscopy 32 3.1 Introduction to transmission electron microscopy 32 3.2 Important electron interactions with the sample in ... vacuum transmission electron microscope (TEM), Chapter covers the basic theory behind transmission electron microscopy The discussion is limited to the background information necessary to understand...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2015, 16:03

... sufficiency of the data set The collocations which are used in our Kana -to- Kanji conversion system consist of two kinds: (1) idiomatic expressions, whose meanings seem to be difficult to compose from ... (902) ex ~lz/~li'J'~ •atoni/~il~nu (can not give up) Kana -to- Kanji Conversion Systems We developed four different Kana -to- Kanji conversion systems, phasing in the collocation data described in The ... and its evaluation by the cost 3.1 Prototype System A We first developed a prototype Kana -to- Kanji conversion system which we call System A, revising Kana -to- Kanji conversion software on the market,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:21

... slot('DESTINATION=',S1ot)):flll-slot(Vmods,[ 'TO' ],'LOC',Slot) 96 ~l records" as output Event records can be viewed as "instantiated" templates They are event-centered data structures in which the information ... y , object(s) involved, etc These event records constitute the "extensional" data base which serves as a support tool for higher-level analytical functions in a decision-making environment represented ... syntactic constituent which serves as the context which is searched in an attempt to find f i l l e r s for the descriptor slots of the temp]ate in question, and a third argument which represents...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... any data processing task is to verify the correctness of data values Data cleaning also called data cleansing or scrubbing, detects and removes errors and inconsistencies in data in order to improve ... Understandable Method to Treat Missing Values: Application to a Medical Data Set”, In ACM Comput Surv 1985 [11] Luai Al Shalabi, “A comparative study of techniques to deal with missing data in data sets”, ... taken a database with no missing values, to have a reference database, and we have randomly introduced missing values for each attribute (rate 10%) we have used database of University from UCI Data...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... restricting the objective to an indefinite condition (to match a firm to its environment), which is irrelevant, for example, to a firm which seeks to pursue a disruptive strategy or to change its environment ... von Neumann and Morgenstern Trying to Accomplish?” pp 113-147, all in E Roy Weintraub, ed., Toward a History of Game Theory, Annual Supplement to Volume 24, History of Political Economy (Durham, ... problems of how to make the best of a bad and risky situation also may eventually lead to applications.”25 Although their formulation initially appears to reflect the situation of an investor, they...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 01:55

... performing the sit -to- stand motor task Data collected in a large database underwent a knowledge discovery process The size of the database is strongly related to the simplicity of the data acquisition ... applied to data collected according to a specific goal of the analyst, data mining methods are applied to data already collected and aim at finding unknown relationships among them Secondly, data mining ... reveal meaningful patterns and data structures from massive databases [10,11] A specific data mining technique was applied to the data yielded by the analysis of sit-tostand (STS) trials performed...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... estimator very suitable to be used within a Turbo equalization structure APPLICATION TO AN STC SYSTEM FOR SUBWAY ENVIRONMENTS We focus now on the application of the ML-EM channel estimator described ... going to introduce the notation b(k) = Lin (ek ) and s(k) = Lout (ek ) to represent the input and output symbol vectors associated to the transition ek , respectively Note that the output vector ... input symbol vector b(k), and the output symbol vector without noise s(k) = Hz(k) It is important to point out that the incoming state is determined by the m − previous symbol vectors, that is,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... NFI data and of a stand growth model The general method used in this study may be described as follows: (1) to obtain data from the national forest inventory service; (2) to build a new, or to ... etc.) Nevertheless, in order to estimate the future evolution of wood resources, it is necessary to apply growth models to these data Such models should be adapted to NFI data gathered The test of ... the age structure of the forest resources from 1978 to 1988 Top: NFI data in 1978 Middle: SI and SII scenario predictions in 1988 Bottom: NFI data in 1988 cycle, the mean annual increment was estimated...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... Importing data from non-Reactome pathway databases Data from four non-Reactome human-curated pathway databases were imported into the Reactome database (28 March 2009 release) These four databases ... Interaction Database [62], and KEGG [26] To store these imported data into the Reactome database, the original Reactome schema was extended by adding one new class, Interaction, as a subclass to Event, ... three databases were processed by an in-house Java PSI-MI parser, converted into the extended Reactome data format, and stored in the extended Reactome database An odds ratio analysis was used to...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:22

... The data can be represented symbolically by the vector Y’=(Y,, Y , Y,), categories of - = = ., ., n!, where i= y r=i I and zero ir Y with Y being , i otherwise an indicator variable equal to if ... is a «nested» Gauss-Seidel one needs to return to (47) and to the back solution, and work with (48) The cycle finishes when the solutions y stabilize (VAN NORTON, 1960) Then, Another possibility ... open area of potential importance VII Numerical application Data were obtained from 47 Blonde d’Aquitaine heifers mated to the same bull and assembled to calve in the Casteljaloux Station, France...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... amount of data, including gene expression profiles, histone modification profiles, and DNA binding data for transcription factors and histone-modifying proteins This large compendium of datasets ... predictor matrix for each bin These predictor matrices were used to predict expression of transcripts by support vector machine (SVM) or support vector regression (SVR) models The genome-wide data ... may be instructive to build a simpler linear regression model to explore to what extent the chromatin features are redundant, and to what extent they are interacting in a combinatorial fashion Specifically,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... of vectors forming an orthonormal basis and change basis Statistical methods are applied to search for single coordinates of the data (relative to the new basis) that are “large” compared to the ... contributed to the conception and the design of the study, analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript UR contributed to the conception and the design of the study TB acquired the data IK contributed to ... Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test [42] We also divided the data in 10 disjoint random subsamples to avoid testing hypotheses suggested by the data Applying the detection method to the columns of y reveals significant...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:20

... related to a set of systematic and random effects as: µi = xi β + zi u, 460 R Rekaya et al where xi and zi are known incidence row vectors, and β and u are unknown location vectors corresponding to ... Comparison of Models The Bayes factor, as defined by Newton and Raftery [11], was used to assess the plausibility of the models postulated The marginal density of the data under each one of the models ... of liability to mastitis was 0.05 using the first model, where the breeding value was assumed constant along lactation Even though the data set used in this analysis was too small to draw a definite...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... is not applicable to the NCI 60 data In addition, there is no separate test set available for the NCI 60 data, typical results of random partitions of the original 61 samples into training and ... Supplementary Web Site: Multiclass classification of microarray data with repeated measurements: application to cancer [http://www.expression.washington.edu/publications/kayee/ shrunken_centroid] Dudoit ... are required to produce comparable prediction accuracy On the multiple tumor data, our EWUSC and USC algorithms produce higher prediction accuracy using fewer relevant genes compared to published...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 16:20

... approaches to WSD To tackle this bottleneck, some researchers attempt to use the existing training data of one word as the training data for other words Kohomban and Lee (2005) tried to use training ... sentence splitter • Breaking a sentence into tokens with a tokenizer • Assigning POS tags to all tokens with a POS tagger • Finding the lemma form of each token with a lemmatizer By default, the ... sense-annotated training data • Semi-supervised approaches Semi-supervised WSD approaches use a small amount of sense-annotated data together with a large amount of unannotated raw data to train better...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:06

... analysis To further minimize the systematic model errors, later application in combination with data assimilation techniques needs to be studied 2.2 Review of data assimilation The data assimilation ... challenge to accurate numerical simulation These drawbacks or limitations actually motivate the present research to explore data assimilation method to make improvement or correction to numerical ... include: (a) To assess the performance of TLRN based on different predictors in the model residue prediction and to analyze the influence of different predictors 6    Chapter Introduction (b) To enhance...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 17:56

... Transcription Factors (TFs), bind to genes and regulate their expression according to the cell’s requirement To understand the functioning of cells and to modify them, it is essential to find which ... changes in expression data, the variance captured by PCs to is small compared to variance captured by first two PCs 46 Expression profiles of the PCs used to model wild-type mouse dataset First PC ... proposed to find the number of clusters in the expression dataset In the last step, a Bayesian method is introduced to integrate the gene expression data with the genome-wide Transcription Factor-DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:01