apos apos hepatic metastasis apos apos gene expression by the microenvironment

... regulates the expression of MMPs and uPA in vitro [13–15] However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood Expression of genes for these proteolytic enzymes can be induced by ... (Fig 1A, B,D) To determine whether the disruption of cell–cell adhesion by Decma influenced expression of the uPA gene, we examined change in uPA mRNA levels Northern blot analysis showed only ... treatment, neither treatment with the E-cad2 antibody nor the EGFR antibody induced Erk activation (Fig 2E) Taken together, these results suggest that the observed Erk activation was specific for the disruption...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... modulation of the transcription rates of all genes, accounting for the global regulation of gene expression [22] Gene- specific cis-regulatory elements that mediate rhythmic gene expression might therefore ... abolished by KaiC overexpression, but a significant non-rhythmic basal level remains These results indicate that KaiC (probably as part of a complex) coordinates genome-wide gene expression; the majority ... Rhythmic regulation of expression Clock-dominated expression An oscilloid model for the circadian system The pervasiveness of rhythmic transcriptional activity, and the fact that the clockwork does...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... either at the level of their activation (mainly by their ability to bind DNA) or at the level of their expression (mRNA or protein) In the latter case, the specific responsive sequences in the ... hepatoma cells, the transcriptional activity of the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 (HNF-1) decreased, limiting expression of the albumin gene [38] Another example is brought about by the activation ... the other target genes studied The only putative AARE identified in a glutamine-responsive gene was found in the promoter of the glutamine transporter ASCT2 gene, but its involvement in the regulation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... observed at the beginning of the S phase (0 h), and these marks were attenuated for the rest of the cell cycle (10 and 20 h), correlating with the expression of the gene (Fig 6C,D) The correlation ... with Hox gene expression indicates the critical roles of MLL1 and H3K4 trimethylation in differential Hox gene expression during the cell cycle To further confirm the importance of MLL1 in the regulation ... HoxA10 gene promoters was also correlated with their respective expression profiles (compare Fig 6A,B with Fig 6C,D) In the case of the HoxA7 gene promoter, the recruitment of RNAP II and MLL1 and the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... applied the background correction GeneSpring 7.0 software (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA) was used to normalize the expression of each gene to the median gene expression and to normalize each slide to the ... for the C14demethylation of lanosterol Regulation of Cyp51 expression in the gonads is gonadotropin-dependent [27,28] Unlike other cholesterol synthetic genes, the promoter region of the Cyp51 gene ... Star expression can be modulated by insulin [34,35] and leptin [34,36] The hyperinsulinemia/insulin-resistance of the obese LY mice may contribute to the elevated expression of these genes Hepatic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... likely that the regulation of many other genes will be at the translational or post-translational level Trypanosomes and the related Leishmania species depend on the dynamics of gene expression ... coordinated gene expression were highlighted Most clusters contained genes with a variety of functions, although some co-regulated genes were functionally related These observations further supported the ... in either orange or violet) have common regulatory elements or conserved secondary structures within the 3'UTRs These are recognized by trans-acting factors (specific for either the set of genes...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:21

... IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα gene expression, and 2-BP downregulates TNFα gene expression However, B[a]P did not alter IL-1, IL-6, IFNγ and TNFα gene expression in these cultures Based on the fact that cell ... Cytokines Gene Expression by Mice Spleen Cells 253 by mouse spleen cells Here, we demonstrate that phenol downregulates IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα gene expression, and that 2-BP suppresses TNFα gene expression ... identify the precise mechanism responsible for the suppression of these cytokines genes Acknowledgements This work was supported by grant NO 2000-1-22200005-2 from the Basic Research Program of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... that the combination of iodine and iodide alters gene expression Among the list of altered genes were several genes documented to be estrogen responsive such as TFF1 and WISP2 Furthermore, the ... Lugol’s iodine solution (5% I2, 10% KI) on global gene expression in the estrogen responsive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line Analysis of the gene expression profile was used to evaluate potential ... Bioinformatics Database Gene Functional Classification Tool (NIAID/NIH) The fold change in expression is relative to control cells Bold genes were verified by qRT-PCR (Figure 2) A 29 Genes that are Up-Regulated1...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 17:20

... autoantibodies preferentially employ specific VH genes for the variable regions Despite the apparent increase in the use of these specific genes, the generalized higher frequency of somatic hypermutation, ... [81] The extent to which these findings indicate a loss of regulation of CD27 expression by the malignant cells and the nature of these abnormalities remain unknown Potential explanations for the ... chain genes by foreign antigens or autoantigens present in the gland seems to shape the productive VL chain repertoire in the inflamed tissue This is in contrast to the VH repertoire of the patient...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... and either the raw C(t) was recorded or the amount was correlated to the standard curve generated on the same day The CV was then calculated for the five separate runs Figure 3a shows the CV ... activity The raw data derived from the Q-PCR standard curve is the CE; that is, the number of PBMC that contain the number of transcripts expressed in the unknown This is further refined as the RE by ... each cycle generated by the release of fluorophores (FAM or JOE) from the quencher (TAMRA) by the 5′-exonuclease activity of AmpliTaq polymerase was plotted versus the cycle number The threshold...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... and EGF in the present study resulted in a marked increase in the proportion of elongated cells and an additive decrease in matrix gene expression These changes in morphology and gene expression ... of expression of aggrecan and link protein gene [2] To determine whether the morphology of primary chondrocytes expressing the matrix was affected by TNF-α or EGF, live cultures were examined by ... activation of NF-κB by TNF-α Furthermore, sustained NF-κB activation induced by TNF-α was unchanged by EGF as determined by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (Fig 5b) The heightened decrease...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... is a measure of the total number of receptors present in the tissue and the equilibrium dissociation constant is the measure of the affinity of the receptors for the radioligand The Kd is inversely ... locomotor activity [43] The present experiments further revealed the effect of curcumin to modulate the dopaminergic receptors in the cerebellum by standardising the altered expression to a normal ... done by normalizing the resulting threshold cycle (CT) values of the target mRNAs to the CT values of the internal control β-actin in the same samples (ΔCT = CTTarget - CT β-actin) It was further...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... differentially regulated by the two treatment conditions: rhOP-1 down-regulated LIF expression by more than 15-fold, IL-11 expression by more than eight-fold, IL-8 gene by four-fold and IL-6 by two-fold, ... to their function A, genes up-regulated by treatment with recombinant OP-1; B, genes down-regulated by treatment with recombinant OP-1; C, genes up-regulated by OP-1 antisense treatment; D, genes ... CA, USA), and the quality of the hybridization image was checked by the affyPLM model [9] To deal with the technical variation, each gene was measured by 11 different probes on the Affymetrix...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:22

... HIV-1 gene expression by Sam68ΔC Understanding regulation of Understanding regulation of HIV-1 gene expression by Sam68ΔC (A) Following transcription, HIV-1 RNA undergoes alternative splicing to generate ... composition/structure of the mRNA within the common sequence (as represented by the coloured ovals) Such differences in composition/structure of the viral mRNP could serve as means by which Sam68ΔC selectively ... (SGs); these observations led Henao-Mejia et al to suggest that reduced Nef synthesis was due to sequestration in these bodies At present, it is unclear whether the granules characterized by Henao-Mejia...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:20

... Inhibition of gene expression from HIV-1 molecular clones To explore the mechanism whereby CPX and DEF inhibit HIV gene expression, we first examined the specificity of their effect on the expression ... First, the sensitivity of FF expression from pNL4-3-LucE- to the drugs (Fig 3) implies a Rev-independent action because the FF luciferase gene is inserted into the HIV-1 nef gene The HIV-1 nef gene' s ... eliminating the expression of vpr, vpu, tat, rev and env These two deletions encompass nearly all of the viral coding sequences Nevertheless, FF expression from these constructs was inhibited 50% by CPX...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:22

... synchrony The data should speak for themselves 7) The DNA distribution of cells should be narrow in the synchronized cells and these distributions should then reflect the movement of cells through the ... in gene expression: meaning and relevance to the cell cycle It is of interest to look at the basic data in Table of Liu, Gaido and Wolfinger [1] In Table they present results on the gene expression ... cells are all recombined together and analyzed These combined cells should not give a variable pattern of gene expression This controls for perturbation of the culture by the selection method 15)...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 23:20

... to assay gene expression However, the number of genes covered remains small by comparison to the Allen Brain atlas Furthermore, searching any of the databases for genes based on their expression ... elements of the gene The mice can then express the EGFP reporter construct in the same anatomical and cell-typespecific locations as the original gene Although the subcellular localization of the native ... a list of new genes updated weekly on the home page Researchers can search gene expression by gross anatomical area using the E14.5 dataset and can then link to views of the same gene expressed...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:21

... among others (Figure 6g) These results strongly suggest that most of the genes in the UNC-4 neuron enriched dataset are expressed in these cells in vivo Thus, these data indicate that the mRNAtagging ... of these gene families can now be assigned by genetic or RNAi analysis With this possibility in mind, we tested the applicability of these expression data for predicting in vivo functions for genes ... in gene expression [95] In some instances, co-regulated genes were grouped into specific functional subsets, thereby defining the 'name' of the mountain For example, mountain contains many genes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:22