and organ related differential gene expression in chickpea roots and nodules

... understanding the changes in plant growth and development in response to simulated climatic warming is important to predict plant responses to global warming in the near future Many studies have investigated ... peat (Kaiyin Company, Beijing, China) The plants were grown in growth chambers (RXZ-300B, Ningbo Dongnan Instruments Co Ltd, China) The middle and upper projected warming in the 21st century is ... the procedures described in Vu et al [26] Leaf protein concentrations were determined according to Bradford [27] using bovine serum albumin as the standard Chlorophyll a and b were extracted with...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... characterized by insulin resistance and insulin secretion deficiency At present, there is no a single medication which treats type diabetes by improving both insulin resistance and insulin secretion ... nucleotide including 45 bases was used to connect the 3’ terminus of GLP-1-A gene and 5’ terminus of gAd gene The product of this nucleotide sequence was a glycine-rich short peptide including 15 amino ... fusion protein was cloned into the expression vector PET28a at Nhe I and HindIII sites Expression of N-terminal His-tagged gAd-GLP-1-A fusion protein and Western blot analysis Protein expression: ...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:10

... assays (EMSA) and RdRp assays, and examined the in uence of different cis-acting elements on binding of NS5B protein and RNA synthesis in vitro Materials and methods Expression and purification ... virus is involved in the binding of RdRp [34,35] In addition to NS5B protein, other viral proteins are able to bind the 3¢ UTR, e.g the HCV NS3 protein can bind the 3¢ UTR in vitro and displayed ... 3¢ terminal lost binding activity, and that the mutated minusstrand 3¢ UTR with deletion of a or 21 nucleotide sequence at the 3¢ terminal also did not have the binding activity, indicating that...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... hydrophobic) The disulfideforming Cys66 and Cys160 are in yellow ball and stick Structures were generated by using RASMOL [38], and coordinates in file 1B8E deposited in the RCSB Protein Databank [34] on ... fragments include a generous portion of the b-barrel structure (strands B, C and part of strand D), along with part of the distant I strand in the C-terminus region that includes Cys160 and connects ... of interprotein hydrogen bonds in this region, in addition to hydrophobic interactions (such as those between Ile147 and Leu149 and the corresponding residues on the facing antiparallel strand)...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... that interfacial protein–protein interactions between the hinge region of ISP and the extramembranous cd2 helix of cytochrome b are important for maintaining the structure of the hinge region and, ... represented in orange, the iron–sulfur protein (ISP) in green, residue G167 is shown in light green, the compensatory mutations are shown in pink, and the hinge region of the ISP is shown in white the integration ... glutamate (in yeast or humans) may affect the structure of the hinge region, resulting in a hindered movement and enzyme instability As suggested previously for a yeast mutant with a + alanine insertion...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... Protein kinase, putative Ras -related GTP-binding protein, putative RNA-binding protein 5, putative RNA-binding protein, putative Serine acetyltransferase, putative Serine ⁄ threonine protein phosphatase, ... TcDHH1, including heat shock proteins, mRNAbinding proteins, initiation and elongation translation factors, ribosomal proteins and metabolic proteins Abundant proteins, such as heat shock proteins and ... encoding MASP, mucins, hypothetical proteins and amastin In general, mRNAs associated with TcDHH1 are not translated into proteins in epimastigotes, but are predominantly translated during other...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... bean, including metalaccumulation, binding and inactivation, and oxidative stress scavenging systems The increased metal concentrations in the tissues cause increased activities of some enzymes (induction) ... of protein about mg g−1 FW was then maintained Protein contents Enzyme activities and isoenzyme analysis The total soluble protein content was examined in leaf and root samples Roots and L4 showed ... µM Cd in L3 only (Figure 2a) In contrast, a linear ratio between fresh and dry weights with increasing Cd contents in plant tissues shows that water content and dry matter in leaves and roots...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... Turner PC (2000) Clustering of mandibular organ- inhibiting hormone and moult-inhibiting hormone genes in the crab, Cancer pagurus, and implications for regulation of expression Gene 253, 197–207 Gu ... vitellogenin gene expression in the kuruma prawn, Marsupenaeus japonicus Gen Comp Endocrinol 144, 232–239 Sun PS (1995) Expression of the molt-inhibiting hormone-like gene in the eyestalk and brain ... vitellogenin gene function in adult honeybees by intra-abdominal injection of double-stranded RNA BMC Biotechnol 3, 1–8 Cogoni C & Macino G (2000) Post-transcriptional gene silencing across kingdoms Genes...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... containing proteins, fibrinogens, fibroleukins/ techylectins, angiopoietins, ficolins and tenascins, the following consensus was deduced: FSTxDNDND It is located in the human fibrinogen a/a-E chain ... the expression of the genes coding for the (1fi3)-b-D-glucan-binding protein, fibrinogen-like protein and the EGF precursor This result is taken as a strong indication that the curdlan -in uenced expression ... protein from S domuncula, we continued our search for other potential binding proteins that might be involved in recognizing the D-glucan Promising candidates were molecules that display lectin...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... transferase domain (GluTD), a cystine-rich region containing a motif of eight cysteines (C370–C462) and a serine-rich region in which 28 serines are clustered in a region between residues S485 and S525 ... multidomain proteins [28], or for the sequential and independent folding of the single domains – assuming a vectorial mode of folding for Gas1p In any case, the replacement of C74 with a serine could ... glycosylated form, indicating that N-linked chains are not required for activity (data not shown) Essential role of C74 in the folding and stability of the GPI-anchored Gas1p To gain insight into the putative...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... radiographic findings Therefore, CRP and PCT might have a role in the diagnostic algorithm as rapid, noninvasive tests No difference was observed in the discriminating power of CRP and PCT for ... possible pathogens in bacterial CAP and the small number of study subjects should be considered when generalizing the results using CRP and PCT to determine pulmonary TB and bacterial CAP In conclusion, ... Infect Dis 2007;7:10 14 Ortqvist A, Hedlund J, Wretlind B, Carlstrom A, Kalin M 28.Moulin F, Raymond J, Lorrot M, et al Procalcitonin in children Diagnostic and prognostic value of interleukin-6...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... covalently link them To facilitate purification, both dlFG and a single-chain dimer, sc-dlFG, contain an N-terminal six-histidine nickelaffinity tag Using intrinsic fluorescence of Trp residues, extrinsic ... coat protein dimers and their selfassembly into an icosahedral capsid, while selectively encapsulating a single copy of viral plus-strand RNA by the coat, and ignoring viral minus strands and host ... protein and RNA has been investigated [5,9,23,24], and amino acid–nucleotide interactions contributing to its stability have been characterized [13,25], but the role of protein–protein and protein–RNA...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... protein to which the dye may then bind Agitate the gel during staining and destaining Increase the staining/destaining time Restain the gel Reduce the destaining time or use a dye that stains ... Protein0 Myelin basic protein Histone Cytochrome c Bovine serum albumin Insulin Transferrin Lysozyme a-Chymotrypsinogen Soybean trypsin inhibitor Ovalbumin y-Globulin P-Lactoglobulin A Trypsin ... protein bands may be removed by washing the 44 Smith gel in several changes of destaining solution After destaining, protein bands are seen to be colored blue to purplish-red Excessive destaining...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2014, 11:03

... sector field and quadrupole mass spectrometers In my own laboratory, for example, we installed FAB in 1982 simply by replacing the standard solids inlet probe with a simple rod and by placing an ion ... the PDspectrum of insulin, FAB mass spectra of insulin were also published (13,14), and in the followmg years, mass spectra of proteins as large as 25 kDa were published using both techniques, ... or evaporates leaving the analyte molecules free m the expanding matrix plume Finally, in ESI, the mtcrodroplets created in the electrospray process by combined evaporation and coulombic explosions...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:11

... 10% fetal calf serum (FCS, Invitrogen), mM glutamine (Invitrogen), and 10 mM gentamicin sulfate (Invitrogen) at 37°C in a 95% humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2 For infection of the conditional ... defects in the absence of A12L expression Morphology defects in the absence of A12L expression To investigate a role of A12L protein in virus assembly, T-REx 293 cells were infected by vvtetOA12L in ... medium (D-MEM, Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% Tet system approved fetal bovine serum (BD Biosciences), mM Glutamax (Invitrogen), and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Invitrogen), and incubated as...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... through inhibition of proteinases to prevent tissue injury and joint destruction Human AAT is well known as a serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) It inhibits proteinase 3, neutrophil elastase, and ... proteins, involved in proinflammatory cytokine expression and cell signaling [12] It also has been reported that neutrophil elastase inhibitors reduce incidence as well as severity of collagen-induced ... and inflammation [20] We have recently shown, that combination therapy using doxycycline and hAAT gene therapy reduces arthritis development in mice, suggesting a therapeutic effect of hAAT in...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... 10% fetal calf serum (FCS, Invitrogen), mM glutamine (Invitrogen), and 10 mM gentamicin sulfate (Invitrogen) at 37°C in a 95% humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2 For infection of the conditional ... defects in the absence of A12L expression Morphology defects in the absence of A12L expression To investigate a role of A12L protein in virus assembly, T-REx 293 cells were infected by vvtetOA12L in ... medium (D-MEM, Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% Tet system approved fetal bovine serum (BD Biosciences), mM Glutamax (Invitrogen), and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Invitrogen), and incubated as...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... probes for intracellular and intercellular trafficking in plants Plant Cell 1999, 11:535-548 Gafni Y, Epel BL: The role of host and viral proteins in intraand inter-cellular trafficking of geminiviruses ... strains, enzymes, and maize genotypes The cloning vectors pBluescriptSK+ (pSK+; Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) and pUC19 (Stratagene), and the RecAEscherichia coli strains DH5α and JM109 were used in ... http://www.virologyj.com/content/5/1/61 In the small and informationally compact MSV genome, deletion or inactivation of any genes results in asymptomatic infections or loss of infectivity [13,14] and in some cases even...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... inhibits the increase in cell-surface proteins of major histocompatibility complex class II induced by interferon-g.1 Such proteins are central in presenting antigen and activating T cells, and ... findings have important implications for understanding the pathogenesis of the progression of atherosclerosis and the mechanism of benefit of statin therapy The Pravastatin or Atorvastatin and ... their expression is often increased in inflammation Increased production of interferon-g by activated T cells is characteristic of a number of autoimmune diseases in humans, including collagen-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 00:20