an urban economics model for tourist cities

... Sixth Message understanding Conference (MUC-6), pages 45– 52, San Francisco, CA Morgan Kaufmann Publishers X Yang and J Su 2007 Coreference resolution using semantic relatedness information from automatically ... named-entity and contains an indefinite NP in a subject position This supports the claims in (Yang et al., 2004a) that coreferential information is an important factor to evaluate a candidate antecedent ... with “Mr Powell”, and therefore refers to a male person and cannot co-refer with “she” The entity-mention model based on Eq (2) performs coreference resolution at an entity-level For simplicity,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... • For verbs, generated forms had to match the original form for tense and negation • For adjectives, generated forms had to match the original form for degree of comparison and negation • For ... by Chiang (2007), a weighted grammar of this form can be collected and scored by simple extensions of standard methods for phrase-based translation and efficiently combined with a language model ... rules and words In contrast, exponential models with surface and lemma features can be straightforwardly trained for all of them For the experiments described below we trained an exponential model...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... types the string confidant, we not really want to model this error as P(a | e), but rather P(ant | ent) And anticedent can more accurately be modeled by P(anti | ante), rather than P(i | e) By taking ... error model with positional information and with a maximum context window of four, and used the language model to rescore the best word candidates returned by the error model Note that for the ... Jurafsky, D and J Martin (2000) Speech and Language Processing, Prentice Hall N-Best Figure Using the CG Error Model with a Trigram Language Model Conclusion We have presented a new error model for noisy...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... Gaussian, and therefore with an analytical expression known as the Kalman filter This assumption arises from the fact that the object dynamics can be acceptably simulated by a constant velocity model ... detections can be false alarms due to the clutter, and also there can be objects without any detection, called missing detections, as consequence of occlusions and changes in the object appearance and ... An advanced Bayesian model for the visual tracking of multiple interacting objects Carlos R del Blanco∗ , Fernando Jaureguizar and Narciso Garc´ ıa Escuela T´cnica...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... Gaussian, and therefore with an analytical expression known as the Kalman filter This assumption arises from the fact that the object dynamics can be acceptably simulated by a constant velocity model ... detections can be false alarms due to the clutter, and also there can be objects without any detection, called missing detections, as consequence of occlusions and changes in the object appearance and ... An advanced Bayesian model for the visual tracking of multiple interacting objects Carlos R del Blanco∗ , Fernando Jaureguizar and Narciso Garc´ ıa Escuela T´cnica...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... also much greater than in macrocells The model places the transmitter and receiver at the foci of an ellipse The two-ring and three-dimensional channel models are ideal for urban areas under heavy ... realistic channel model is required The proposed channel model, shown in Figure 1, is based on the elliptical channel model first introduced in [2] The original model was intended for modelling ... however, will not change and, therefore, the MSE comparison will still hold Figure shows the BER performance of QPSK for various relative vehicle speeds As can be seen, the performance improves considerably...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... work, the Stentiford model of visual attention, into our new architecture, it is meaningful to note related applications of this model Bamidele and Stentiford use the model to organize a large ... where Stentiford’s algorithm would not perceive the tilted rectangle as more salient than any other, but—thanks to Itti-Koch model s reliance on orientation in addition to color and intensity—our ... database (red soda cans in many different sizes, positions and backgrounds), and 28 images from the STIMTriangle database (emergency triangles in many different relative sizes, positions, and backgrounds)...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... Alamos project for discrete modeling of epidemics in cities, starting with Portland, Oregon It was developed in relationship to the TRANSIM model for understanding movements of people in cities According ... developed by Hyman et al [18] and further developed by Hyman and LaForce[19] The SIRP model was used as the starting point for development of the object model of EpiFlex In SIRP, the SIR model is extended ... state of the model The SNAP file can be copied outside of Epiflex, manually changed from read-only and the extension renamed to EPDM The resulting model can then be used and run just like any other...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 23:20

... Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses (SUA) are considered to be essential for model validation (Saltelli and Scott, 1997) and important for model quality assurance (Scholten and Cate, 1999; Refgaard and ... insufficient data and insufficient expert knowledge Model 1, useful for quantitative system analysis; Model 2, useful for qualitative scenario analysis; Model 3, useful for learning and guiding further ... al., 1996) and even to be inappropriate for the validation of system dynamics models (Forrester and Senge, 1980) A review of frameworks and methods for the validation of process models and decision...

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 00:25

... Vietnam The model is also based on multiagent systems, in which each mode of transport can be modeled as an intelligent agent which can observe other vehicles and obstacles to avoid and/or change its ... easy to analyze for any strategy or direction For instance, we could compare the traffic status in a day between any two streets as depicted in Figure 12(a) for the st Tran Duy Hung and the st ... 62(12): 20–26 15 Nakajima Y, Yamane S and Hattori H Multi -model based simulation platform for urban traffic simulation In: Desai N, Liu A and Winikoff M (eds) Principles and practice of multi-agent...

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 11:32

... History of planning Urbanization Urban planning Regional planning Spatial planning Relationship between socioeconomic planning and spatial planning Strategic planning Urban Design Planning of Rural ... areas Sustainable planning Urban transportation planning Environmental planning Land use planning Urban planning management 10 11 12 13 14 Others (specify ) Section III: Grammar and structures needed ... the informants become the main topics in the syllabus: Urbanization City planning Regional planning Relationship between socio-economic planning and spatial planning Strategic planning Urban design...

Ngày tải lên: 29/01/2014, 14:39

... value and expand reach by covering new and multiple channels Third, companies must understand that trust and loyalty has become one of the most important An e-Business Model Ontology for Modeling ... foundation for the upper two levels and represents the core of our e-business model research By defin ing the relevant e-business model An e-Business Model Ontology for Modeling e-Business concepts and ... Knowledge, Models, and Learning In Morecroft, J.D ; and Sternman, J.D (editors) Modeling for Learning Organizations, pp 3-28, Portland : Productivity Press Norton D., Kaplan, R (1992) The balanced...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 21:20

... the number of k-best candidates increases, the PCFG model outperforms the TDS-reranker both according to the BDS and the JDS Unfortunately, the performance of the reranking model worsens progressively ... Figure compares the Fscore performance of the TDS-reranker against the PCFG-reranker Our system consistently outperforms the PCFG model on this metric, as for UAS, and BAS Concerning the other ... have chosen µ to be for the first model, and 50 for the second and the third Those which have certain function tags (e.g ADV, LOC, TMP) The full list is reported in (Sangati and Mazza, 2009) It...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Translation and MetricsMATR, pages 17–53 Colin Cherry and Dekang Lin 2007 Inversion transduction grammar for joint phrasal translation modeling In Proceedings of the NAACL Workshop on Syntax and ... probability model for statistical machine translation pages 133–139 Robert C Moore and Chris Quirk 2007 An iterativelytrained segmentation-free phrase translation model for statistical machine translation ... in each corpus for TM and LM training, tuning, and testing 7.1 Experimental Setup The data for French, German, and Spanish are from the 2010 Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation (Callison-Burch...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Bangalore, & Narayanan, 2009) A recently proposed alternative approach involves treating dialogue utterances as documents within a latent semantic analysis framework, and applying feature enhancements ... completed in order, and adjacent subtasks are semantically more similar than subtasks at a greater distance); therefore, a weighted kappa is also meaningful to consider for this annotation The weighted ... many facial action units (Bartlett et al., 2006; Cohn, Reed, Ambadar, Xiao, & Moriyama, 2004; Pantic & Bartlett, 2007; Zeng, Pantic, Roisman, & Huang, 2009), manual annotation was selected for...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... 2nd SIGHAN Workshop on Chinese Language Processing, pages 133–143 Wenbin Jiang, Liang Huang, Qun Liu, and Yajuan Lă u 2008a A cascaded linear model for joint chinese word segmentation and part-of-speech ... guidelines and ensuring consistency for chinese text annotation In Proceedings of LREC John Lafferty, Andrew McCallum, and Fernando Pereira 2001 Conditional random fields: Probabilistic models for segmenting ... baseline model with Nakagawa and Uchimoto (2007) and Zhang and Clark (2008) on CTB 3.0 Table shows a summary of averaged F1 results on CTB 3.0 Our baseline model outperforms all prior approaches for...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 01:20

... membrane This ®ts the structural and biochemical data, where PSII core complexes can be observed in one discrete plane and membrane fraction, and LHCII complexes can be observed in another membrane ... software and Dr S Prince, Dr S V Ru‚e and Prof G Garab for useful suggestions and debate T D Flint is thanked for plant growth and specimen preparation as well as L Child and P McPhie for expert ... amplitude and phase (in degrees) for a given re¯ection, with the z* value given by the tilt angle and the angle between the tilt axis and a* The trend of the data for the continuous transform along...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... of SP-C variants, and partial sequences of human GpA, Neu and Ros-C Asterisks indicate residues defining the AxxxG or GxxxG motif in SP-C (A29, G33) and other transmembrane helices Human SP-C rSP-C ... selection criterion for randomized transmembrane helices [41], and GxxxG was also found to be overrepresented in protein segments identified as transmembrane helices by sequence analysis [42] The ... sets of NMR resonances for the C-terminal residues 28–34 of porcine SP-C [17] and recombinant rSPC (FFI) [21] (Table 1) in an organic solvent that mimics the lipidic surfactant environment Although...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... Grishman 2001 Automatic Pattern Acquisition for Japanese Information Extraction In Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference (HLT2001) Roman Yangarber, Ralph Grishman, Pasi Tapanainen, ... retrieved if any of the patterns match any portion of the document, and as random otherwise Thus, we can get the performance of text classification of the pattern matching system in the form of a ... extraction performance shows that this tuning has high correlation with the extraction performance (Spearman corwith 2% confidence) relation coefcient ă ƯÔ Â âĐƠÊ ĂƯ 3.5 Filtering For efficiency and to...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... effectiveness of an unsupervised model, it is helpful to compare its performance to that of an analogous supervised model The smaller the error reduction when going from unsupervised to supervised models, ... data Acknowledgements We thank Mitch Marcus and Dennis Erlick for making this research possible, Mike Col]in.~ for his guidance, and Adwait Ratnaparkhi and Jason Eisner for their helpful insights ... References Discussion In an effort to make the heuristic concise and portable, we may have oversimplified it thereby negatively affecting the performance of the model For example, when the heuristic...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20