an ongoing role for horizontal gene transfer

... solution for predicting the likelihood of horizontally transferred genes on a genome-wide basis Results can be used to characterize an organism's historical profile of horizontal transfer activity, ... ranking system is less sensitive to transfer between closely related organisms than more distant ones, and does not attempt to establish directionality of lateral transfer events Ranking of horizontal ... identification of horizontally transferred candidates Organisms closely related to the query genome receive higher LPI scores than more distant ones, and groups of phylogenetically related organisms receive...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... A new role for an old enzyme: QR and the proteasome Many proteins have a dual biological role and participate in regulatory cellular functions in addition to their metabolic function as an enzyme ... the role of antizyme in this process, if any, is confined to the ODC monomerization step ODC monomerization is also obligatory for the antizyme-independent degradation of ODC in vitro An ODC mutant ... mammalian cells to yeast: a homologous system in a unicellular organism All of the initial studies indicating a role for QR in stabilizing transcription factors and tumour suppressors were performed...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 02:20

... the case of some important consumer bank products, such as home mortgages, car loans, and credit card loans and transactions services, distant banks and specialized non-banks are increasingly ... BancoSol in Bolivia, Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC) in Thailand, Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) and the National Micro-finance Bank (NMB) in Tanzania are all successful ... Kashyap, and Scalise (1995) 37 Description and some discussion of changes in regulations and other forces relevant to the competitive analysis of banking markets in Europe can be found in Gual and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 08:20

... bacteria-to-vertebrate lateral gene transfer Trends Genet 2003, 19:191-195 Ragan MA: Detection of lateral gene transfer among microbial genomes Curr Opin Genet Dev 2001, 11:620-626 Faruque SM, Mekalanos JJ: Pathogenicity ... confidence that at least 11 separate gene transfers have occurred between highly diverged bacterial taxa An additional gene transfer has occurred between bacteria and metazoans We are not yet able to determine ... lifestyles Examples include the Ralstonia and Anabaena genera adapted to plants, Escherichia and Treponema adapted to animals and pseudomonads adapted to both Many free-living bacterial strains are...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... regulation of horizontally acquired genes Complex regulation of horizontally acquired genes Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) genes were identified by an automated presence/absence method, and the number ... related in the gene tree (for example, Figure 4) We classified a gene as an 'ORFan' if it had no homologs in organisms more distantly related than Shewanella The origin of microbial ORFans is unclear ... as acquired by horizontal transfer after that divergence, as ORFan (indicating horizontal gene transfer [HGT] from an unknown source), or as duplications within the E coli lineage For the duplicated...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... 1,4-α-glucan branching enzyme represent copies of an ancient gene duplication also observed in cyanobacteria The impact of gene transfers on host evolution Gene transfer is an important evolutionary force ... Martin W: Gene transfer from organelles to the nucleus: frequent and in big chunks Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100:8612-8614 Ochman H, Lawrence JG, Groisman EA: Lateral gene transfer and the nature ... apicomplexan organism, T gondii It is possible that these genes are of plastidic origin and were transferred to the nuclear genome before the divergence of C parvum and T gondii; the phylogenetic analysis...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... one may not get enough gene transfer and transgene expression [24] If MOI is too high, the efficiency of gene transfer may not be very high, but many copies of transgene may integrate into the ... resulted in higher efficiency of gene transfer This was true over a range of target cells from × 103 to × 105 and volumes from 0.1 ml to ml However the increase in gene transfer was not proportional ... washed with PBS, and then fixed with 1% paraformaldehyde before the analysis Samples were analysed on a FACScan flow cytometry in QIMR volume of 0.1 ml) to 1.5 mm for the 0.3 ml volume, and a depth...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... Mitrophanous KA, Kingsman SM, Mazarakis ND: Lentivirus-mediated gene transfer to the central nervous system: therapeutic and research applications Hum Gene Ther 2006, 17:1-9 Mandel RJ, Manfredsson ... vitro and in vivo transduction experiments NB, TF and JR wrote the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Acknowledgements The support for this work was provided by ALSA and ... injections All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee and strictly adhered to the requirement set forth by the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals Sciatic...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... Yang, and Shu Wang Baculovirus-transduced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for systemic cancer therapy Human Gene Ther 2010 Manuscripts Jingye Yang, Harsh Joshi, Seong-Loong Lo, and Shu Wang ... sedimentation of gene transfer vectors to the cell surface and often shortens the time span of gene delivery to minutes of incubation, as opposed to the hours required for standard in vitro gene transfer ... breakthroughs in genomics and an understanding of the important role of genes in disease, gene therapy holds great promise for treating both inherited and acquired diseases Gene therapy involves...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 09:10

... Bioengineering and Nanotechnology for providing such a fabulous environment for the study Especially thank Mr Shujun Gao for the assistance in animal studies, and thank Dr Xu Wang for the technical ... diseases and other diseases The genes transferred include suicide genes and genes encoding cytokines, antigens, tumor suppressors, markers and receptors etc For updated information on gene therapy ... Prolonged Transgene Expression in the Spinal Cord Gene Therapy, 10(14):1179-1188, 2003 X Wang, JM Zeng, Y Li, CY Wang, XY Xu, YK Hwang, W Yee and S Wang Intrathecal Gene Delivery to Promote Regeneration...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:13

... complex candidate genes for human RA However, transferring animal data to the human setting is not straightforward in this case In contrast to rats, the genomic organization of NCF1 in humans is ... a candidate gene approach can be more efficient in terms of both cost and time than traditional linkage analysis or genome-wide approaches The selection of genes in a candidate gene study can ... RFs and anti-CCP antibodies can be detected before the appearance of any disease symptoms [7,42], they might reflect or be part of initial disease mechanisms that are only present in anti-CCP antibody...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... JD: Horizontal gene transfer and the evolution of secondary metabolite gene clusters in fungi: an hypothesis Fungal Genet Biol 2000, 30:167-171 Rosewich UL, Kistler HC: Role of horizontal gene transfer ... evidence for widespread horizontal gene transfer among prokaryotes [32,33], and from prokaryotes to eukaryotes [17,34-37] or vice versa [38,39], relatively few instances of horizontal gene transfer ... comprises 15 genes: ACE1 and SYN2 are PKS-NRPS hybrid genes; RAP1 and RAP2 code for enoyl reductases; CYP1-CYP4 for cytochrome P450 monoxygenases; ORFZ for an α/βhydrolase; OXR1 and OXR2 for oxidoreductases;...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... transformed with pIM3982 and transformants were analyzed for b-1,4-endogalactanase production using azo-galactan Transformant NW290::pIM3982.77 was selected as the highest b-1,4-endogalactanase ... b-1,4-endogalactanase producing transformant and was used for the purification of GALA Growth of this transformant and subsequent purification of the enzyme were performed as described in Materials and methods Purity ... in Materials and methods Purification and characterization of GALA Hydrolysis of arabinogalactans To obtain an A niger transformant that produces increased levels of b-1,4-endogalactanase, a construct...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... ETHICS AND ITS IMPORTANT ROLE FOR REDUCTION OF ACCOUNTING FRAUD: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN HANOI By HOANG VAN THU October 2011 Supervisor: Dr Nguyen Hong Quan ABSTRACT As we know that ethic can be ... would like to say thanks you to Ms Sumathi from Help University College, for instruction and support for my project Thirdly, sincere thanks to Mr Hoang Van Nam for helping me to perform the survey ... And professional cannot use information for personal advantage  Professional Behavior: A professional accountant should follow the relevant laws and regulations and should avoid any action that...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 14:20

... Standards Board for Accountants ACCOUNTING ETHICS AND ITS IMPOTANT ROLE FOR REDUCTION OF ACCOUNTING FRAUD AN EMPIRICAL IN HANOI By NGUYEN DUC THUAN October 2011 Supervisor: Dr Nguyen Hong Quan ... of interest in management, many directors and chief accountants have collaborated to create the misleading and totally wrong information and financial statements For instance, Anderson Arthur-one ... research: Hanoi National University, Hanoi capital, Vietnam  Object of research: accountants and auditor who are major accounting at any company in Hanoi  Companies in research: public companies and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 14:20

... and in vivo by incorporating an integrin-binding RGD-4C motif into the adenoviral fiber [41,42], and a trial is forthcoming Antiangiogenic Gene Therapy Antiangiogenic gene transfer inhibits formation ... [102,103] In vitro Gene transfer to ovarian cancer cells [105] In vivo Inhibition of ovarian cancer cell growth, inhibition of angiogenesis Killing of ovarian cancer cells, infectivity enhancement Killing ... selectively enhances gene transfer for ovarian cancer gene therapy approaches Gynecol Oncol 74: 227 – 234 Kanerva, A., et al (2002) Targeting adenovirus to the serotype receptor increases gene transfer...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 11:20

... fiber and cytoskeleton EspL2 is one effector that can modify membrane morphology and F-actin organization Although EspL2 by itself can not control F-actin organization, it modulates cytoskeletal and ... EspL2 Annexins are a family of proteins that bind to membrane phospholipids in a Ca2+-dependent manner This property links Annexins to many cellular events related to the membrane, such as membrane–cytoskeleton ... membrane domains, endocytosis and ion fluxes across the membrane [14] Annexin A2 binds directly and specifically to phophatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate, and this binding is responsible for recruiting...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

... generation, infused) are safe and acceptable for initial human exposures For all targets, tested and untested, I believe for reasons of safety, science and cost that 2nd generation engrafted should ... hematopoietic chimerism: application to transplantation tolerance and hematologic malignancies in experimental and clinical studies Cancer Treat Res 2002, 110:79-99 Junghans RP, Abedi M, Ma Q, Davies R, ... treatment of human B cell lymphoma with anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody Cancer Immunol Immunother 1991, 32:364-72 Finn RS, Slamon DJ: Monoclonal antibody therapy for breast cancer: Herceptin Cancer Chemother...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... as flower and shoot meristems and leaf and floral organ primordia, where they help give shape to these structures Indeed, these genes not only control floral organ number, petal shape and stamen ... stamen abortion (CYC-like genes) but they also have strong effects in leaf shape, size and curvature (CINCINNATA genes) and prevent branch outgrowth (TB1/BRANCHED1 genes; reviewed in [3]) Given ... Chapman MA., Abbott RJ, Coen E: Regulatory genes control a key morphological and ecological trait transferred between species Science 2008, 322:1116-1119 11 Preston JC, Hileman LC: Conservation and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:21

... add another dimension to understanding the anti-inflammation role of SVF and BM-MNC transplantation in cardiac dysfunction The potential anti-inflammation role of both SVF and BM-MNC transplantation ... on the protective effects of SVF transplantation compared to those of BM-MNC transplantation and the anti-inflammatory role of transplanted cells after implanted into a rat chronic myocardial ... therapy for therapeutic angiogenesis Several recent studies in animals [2,3] as well as humans [5,6] have repeatedly demonstrated that the transplantation of adult bone marrow derived cells can improve...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:21