... problems with scope clauses in anislandparsing ATN interpreter: if an action (LIFTR <register> ) occurs in a sub-network, any action using that register in any higher sub-network that ... adjacent islands to make one island covering them both, the smaller island was broken up and the words from it added onto the end of the larger. This obviously wastes all the effort expanded ... would like to thank Bran Boguraev for his guidance during the writing of the interpreter, and for supplying the ATN grammars I have used. Thanks also to Karen Sparck Jones and John Tait for...
... Parmentier, and Johannes Dellert. 2008. De-veloping an MCTAG for German with an RCG-based parser. In Proceedings of LREC-2008, Mar-rakech, Morocco.Wolfgang Maier and Anders Søgaard. 2008. Tree-banks ... Clergerie. 2001. Guided parsing of Range Concatenation Languages. In Pro-ceedings of ACL, pages 42–49.Tilman Becker, Aravind K. Joshi, and Owen Rambow.1991. Long-distance scrambling and tree adjoininggrammars. ... adjacentvariables can be concatenated), it is called an in-stantiated predicate and the result of applying φ toall predicates in c, if defined, is called an instanti-ated clause.We also introduce range...
... International law and the mechanics of engagement 24THREE Human rights 64FOUR Trade 106FIVE No country is anisland 144 Appendix 161 Table of cases 161 Table of statutes and treaties 163 ... ‘Crean spells out ALP’s Iraq stance’, Australian Financial Review, 15 January 2003, 2.35 Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, House of Representatives, 4 February 2003, 10 659 (Simon Crean, ... International law and the mechanics of engagement [ 35 ] [ 18 ] No Country is an Island ...
... and Manning(2002), the DMV dependency learning model byKlein and Manning (2004) as well as theircombined model DMV+CCM.Table 1 shows that UML-DOP scores betterthan U-DOP and Klein and Manning's ... German NEGRAand the Chinese CTB. (Zollmann and Sima&apos ;an 2005propose a different consistent estimator for DOP,which we cannot go into here).5 UML-DOPAnalogous to U-DOP, UML-DOP is an unsupervised ... average f-scoreon WSJ10 and 72.3% average f-score on WSJ40.Remember that the Penn Treebank annotations areoften exceedingly flat, and many branches have aritylarger than two. It would be interesting...
... theEuropean ACL Conference, Berlin, Germany.Magerman, D.M. and Weir, C. 1992. Probabilisticprediction and Picky chart parsing. In Proceedingsof the February 1992 DARPA Speech and NaturalLanguage ... AAAI Press/MIT Press,Menlo Park.Stanley F. Chen and Joshua Goodman. 1999. An Empirical Study of Smoothing Techniques forLanguage Modeling. Computer Speech andLanguage, Vol.13, 1999Michael John ... fordependency parsing: An exploration. InProceedings of COLING-96, pages 340-345Joshua Goodman. 1998. Parsing Inside-Out. PhD.Thesis, Harvard University, 1998Magerman, D.M. and Marcus, M.P....
... produced in the translation become instan- tiated to some string constant during an analysis, fixing the position at which an additional subordering becomes 'attached to' another (sub)ordering. ... minal Yield, but rather the instantiation of span labels that it induces (for string matters), and its structure (for semantic matters). and (i-j) a span label. For a formula (m, T, t) ... of the span (i-j) will be instantiated, so we need only unify the right index of the two spans the left indices can simply be checked for atomic identity. This observation is important to efficient...
... Aho and Ullman (1987) and Aho and Johnson (1974), and more formal definitions and notations of a feature- based grammar formalism from Pollard and Sag (1987) and Shieber (1986). 2 The LR Parsing ... does not require any preliminary instantiation of categories or a search for them, and a reduce action which pe,forms instanliation tit)ring parsing. Some details of the LR parsing algorithm ... AN EXTENDED LR PARSING ALGORITHM FOR GRAMMARS USING FEATURE-BASED SYNTACTIC CATEGORIES Tsuneko Nakazawa Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Linguistics...
... Climbing plants, Epiphytes, and flowering creepersOrchids Brilliant terrestrial orchid, the Wanna-raja Square-stemmed Vine Gigantic climbing PlantsEnormous bean Bonduc seeds Ratans Ratan bridges ... sea-air (and in Ceylon at least appears never toattain its full luxuriance when removed to any considerable distance from it)[1], and which, at the same time,requires a light and sandy soil, and ... their first meridian, "the meridian of Lanka," being supposed to pass overthe island, they propounded the most extravagant ideas, both as to its position and extent; expanding it to theproportions...
... to grammar encoding (Evans et al., 1995; Candito, 1996) and parsing (Joshi and Srinivas, 1994; Evans and Weir, 1998). On the other hand, if the EDOL hypothesis holds for those dependencies ... grammars can contain hundreds of nodes (see e.g., HPSG (Pollard and Sag, 1994)), and since unification is a primitive operation the overall number of unification attempts during parsing can be ... and storage management overheads become significant. In the case of unification-based LTAG the situa- tion is even more problematic. Elementary struc- tures are larger than productions, and...
... effectively, in an effort to better differentiate between urban and non-urban land uses and land covers, and improve upon the simulation of changes in surface properties such asurban albedo and afforestation. ... of UrbanHeat Island, Crest/jst, November 19-20, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan, 124-163.Taha, H. 1997. "Urban Climates and Heat Islands: Albedo, Evapotranspiration, and AnthropogenicHeat." ... and A. Meier. 1997. "Mitigation of Urban Heat Islands: Meteorology, Energy, and Air QualityImpacts." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Monitoring and Management of UrbanHeat...
... Nivre and McDonald, 2008; Attardi andDell’Orletta, 2009; Surdeanu and Manning, 2010).Essentially, all of these approaches combine dif-ferent dependency parsing systems, i.e. transition-based and ... complementary strengths.The base parsing models are either independentlytrained (Sagae and Lavie, 2006; Hall et al., 2007;Attardi and Dell’Orletta, 2009; Surdeanu and Man-ning, 2010), or their training ... Australiareza@monash.eduMarzieh Razavi and Anoop SarkarSchool of Computing ScienceSimon Fraser UniversityVancouver, Canada{mrazavi,anoop}@cs.sfu.caAbstractWe combine multiple word representationsbased on semantic clusters...
... Chris Dyer, JuriGanitkevitch, Sanjeev Khudanpur, Lane Schwartz,Wren Thornton, Jonathan Weese, and Omar Zaidan.2009a. Joshua: An open source toolkit for parsing- based machine translation. In Proceedings ... Hoang, Alexandra Birch, ChrisCallison-Burch, Marcello Federico, Nicola Bertoldi,Brooke Cowan, Wade Shen, Christine Moran,Richard Zens, Chris Dyer, Ondrej Bojar, AlexandraConstantin, and Evan ... machine translation. InProceedings of the ACL-2007 Demo and Poster Ses-sions.Zhifei Li and Sanjeev Khudanpur. 2008. A scalabledecoder for parsing- based machine translation withequivalent language...
... Since LC parsing is a very simple parsing technique and at the same time is able to deal with left recursion, it is often used as an alternative to top-down (TD) parsing, which cannot handle ... common-prefix (CP) parsing, which are al- gorithms capable of simultaneous processing of all com- mon prefixes. ELR and CP parsing are the foundation of tabular parsing algorithms and a parallel parsing ... than most other parsing algorithms for many grammars, but their tabular realizations can never compute the same subderivation twice. This rep- resents an optimum in a range of possible parsing...
... De-pendencies and Structural Relations. In Proceedingsof ACL.Andreas Zollmann and Khalil Sima an. 2005. AConsistent and Efficient Estimator for Data-Oriented Parsing. Journal of Automata, Languages and ... IsBiased and Inconsistent. In Computational Linguis-tics 28(1).Dan Klein and Christopher Manning. 2003. AccurateUnlexicalized Parsing. In Proceedings of ACL.Philipp Koehn, Franz Och, and Daniel ... and Gildea (2009).6.3 Other Language TreebanksOn the French and German treebanks (using thestandard dataset splits mentioned in Petrov andtest (≤ 40) test (all) Parsing Model F1 EX F1 EXFRAGMENT-BASED...