an exact method for graph coloring

... lower tank. The advantages of this new system are: its easy manufacture; simple maintenance, limited to the periodic cleaning of the textile material; and its low consumption. On the other hand, ... reserved. 85 4.4.2 Advantages and disadvantages The main advantages of evaporative coolers are their low cost and high effectiveness, permitting a wide range of applications and versatility in ... many applications, it is combined with another system such as a direct expansion coil (DX), resulting into a more economic solution than installing an only system. In 1986, Anderson tested an...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... 11: Approach II 1 An Interval Method for Linear IVPs for ODEs Ned Nedialkov Department of Computing and Software McMaster University, Canada nedialk@mcmaster.ca Joint work with Qiang Song McMaster ... parallelepiped and QR-factorization methods may be necessary. • When to switch from one method to the other? • An eigenvalue, or stability type analysis of a combined approach may be necessary. 15 Now, for ... of a Transformation Matrix Parallelepiped method H = C, [r] = (H −1 C)[0, 1] n + H −1 [e] = [0, 1] n + C −1 [e]. This method breaks down when C is close to singular. QR-factorization method C...

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 22:02

... direction for enhanc- ing overall parser performance. Acknowledgement. We would like to thank Dan Roth for his constructive comments on this paper. References Shlomo Argamon-Engelson and Ido Dagan, ... Pennsylvania. Daniel Gildea, 2001. Corpus variation and parser perfor- mance. EMNLP ’01. John C. Henderson and Eric Brill, 2000. Bagging and boosting a treebank parser. NAACL ’00. Terry Koo and Michael ... Employing EM and pool-based active learning for text classifica- tion. ICML ’98. Dan Moldovan, Christine Clark, Sanda Harabagiu and Steve Maiorano, 2003. Cogex: A logic prover for question answering....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... as the manual evaluation method. The range of the score of this method is between zero and 0.5. If the score is less than zero, it is changed to zero and if greater than 0.5 it is changed to ... both translations using an automatic method, and obtained W H , which indicated the ratio of system translations that were superior to human translations. Yasuda et al. calculated W H for each ... Kazawa’s method was compared with those of ROUGE and cosine distance. Exp-3: An experiment for Point 2 based on Yasuda’s method An arbitrary system was selected from the 10 systems, and Yasuda’s...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... Sheng, and Chang 1997). Several methods have recently been proposed for sentence alignment of the Hansards, an English-French corpus of Canadian parliamentary debates (Brown, Lai and Mercer ... 1991; Gale and Church 1991a; Simard, Foster and Isabelle 1992; Chen 1993), and for other language pairs such as English-German, English-Chinese, and English-Japanese (Church, Dagan, Gale, Fung, ... dotplot before convolution; and (b) after convolution. 2.3 Convolution and local edge detection Convolution is the method of choice for enhancing and detecting the edges in an image. For noise...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 23:20

... is a group-homomorphism and one can easily see that it is an isomorphism. For any a ∈ k ∗ \1, the form a, 1 − a is hyperbolic and, therefore, the isomorphism ϕ 1 can be extended to a ring ... present form the paper was written while the authors were members of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. We would like to thank both institutions for their support. 2. An exact sequence for ... a . Annals of Mathematics, 165 (2007), 1–13 An exact sequence for K M ∗ /2 with applications to quadratic forms By D. Orlov, ∗ A. Vishik, ∗∗ and V. Voevodsky ∗∗ * Contents 1. Introduction 2. An exact...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 07:20

... mono-lingually classes for the target language (English) and afterwards optimizing classes for the source language (Eq. (11) and Eq. (12)). For EUTRANS-I we used 60 classes and for EUTRANS-II we used ... per- formance of the translation system was optimal. The CPU time for optimization of bilingual word classes on an Alpha workstation was under 20 sec- onds for EUTRANS-I and less than two ... Sven Martin, JSrg Liermann, and Hermann Ney. 1998. Algorithms for bigram and trigram word clustering. Speech Communication, 24(1):19- 37. Franz Josef Och and Hermann Ney. 1999. The alignment...

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Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... other languages such as Hindi in which there is no dominant encoding standard for the writing system. In these languages, we would like to be able to automatically retrieve and display the in- formation ... also want to use these documents for information re- trieval and data mining, in which case it is impor- tant to be able to read through them automatically, without resorting to a human annotator. ... of many different standards to encode text. While this is not a problem in languages like English and Chinese, which have a small set of well known standard en- codings such as ASCII, Big5 and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... syntactic-label WPP DG(Wang and Harper, 2004), semantic-label concept DG(Harada and Mizuno, 2001). 2.3 Well-formedness Constraints and Graph Search Algorithms There can be a variety of well-formedness con- straints ... EPN-L and EPN-F for English test sentences are 3.0, 1.67 and 1.43, respectively. The practi- cal code implementation of the graph branch algo- rithm and its performance evaluation are subjects for ... components of the graph branch algorithm. 7 The dominance test is not used in the graph branch algo- rithm. Figure 4: Graph branch algorithm (1) Partial-problem Partial-problem in the graph branch algo- rithm...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2013, 21:28

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... Yield, but rather the instantiation of span labels that it induces (for string matters), and its structure (for semantic matters). and (i-j) a span label. For a formula (m, T, t) resulting ... chart parsing method for Lambek grammars, inspired by a method for D- Tree grammar parsing. The formulae of a Lam- bek sequent are firstly converted into rules of an indexed grammar formalism, ... which are used in an Earley-style predictive chart algorithm. The method is non-polynomial, but performs well for practical purposes much better than previous chart methods for Lambek grammars....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 19:20

... References [Andreewsky et al., 1977] Alexandre Andreewsky, Christian Fluhr and Fathi Debilli. Computational Learning of Semantic Lexical Relations for the Generation and Automatical Analysis ... under analysis. In that sense, our method can be viewed as a particular implementation of a model of language Performance (Bod, 1992), and may belong to the family of Data-Oriented methods ... performed in two ways : on the one hand, by a structural analysis of the terminological noun phrases extracted by LEXTER; on the other hand, by an analysis of the sentences in which the candidate...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... Transfer and Fluid Flow, McGraw-Hill Book Com- pany,NewYork,1980 2. J. P. Van Doormaal, G.D Raithby, Enhancement of the SIMPLE method for pre- dicting incompressible fluid flows, Numer. Heat Transfer,Vol7(1984), ... no straightforward extension. Other methods using primitive variables can be classified into two groups. The first group of methods can be classified as pressure-based methods. In these methods, the pressure ... y + = y d u τ ν where y d is distance to the wall and u τ is friction velocity. Similar to Equations (1), Equations (21) and (22) are put into non-dimensional form and transformed into generalized curvilinear...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 13:20