algebraic and geometric topology

... h is smooth and that it has compact support, and let us write ∂1 and ∂2 for ∂/∂x1 and ∂/∂x2, respectively Then (2.2) R2 |∂1 ∂2h(x)|2 dx ≤ R2 |∆h(x)|2 dx This is a well-known fact, and it can be ... with two generators x, y and one relation x2yx−1 y −1 Suppose that a group G and finite presentation of G are given and fixed, and let w be a word in the generators of G and their inverses Given ... Sn For standard reasons of algebraic topology, this will happen exactly when M is simply-connected and has trivial homology in dimensions through n − (Specifically, this uses Theorem and Corollary...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:28

... algorithm and the next, the constants XMIN, XMAX, YMIN, and YMAX define the minimum and maximum values for the x- and ycoordinates of pixels in the viewport The procedures Push and Pop push and pop ... complex standard than GKS, which was specified by ANSI (the American National Standards Institute) in 1988 ([ANSI88] and [VanD88]) See [Cars98] for a brief history Two more recent standards are ... 100 and (dist,angle,incr) = (.1,144,.1), (.05,89.5,.05), (.05,170,.05), and (.05,60,.05) The “Clear” command should clear the viewport except for the turtle The “MoveTo” and “Direction” command...

Ngày tải lên: 11/11/2013, 00:18

... where and are complex scalars and F1 and F2 are orthogonal unit bivectors (F12 = F22 = 1) The eigenbivectors are F1, F2 and F3 F1F2, and the corresponding eigenvalues are (2 ; 2), (2 ; 1) and ;( ... powerful and e cient language for handling rotations and boosts it generalises the role of complex numbers in two dimensions, and quaternions in three dimensions, to a scheme that e ciently handles ... expressed in geometric algebra, and all reference to coordinates and frames is removed, achieving a clean separation between physical e ects and coordinate artefacts Furthermore, the geometric algebra...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:51

... the   γi and (8) ∆ = {γ ∈ Ω | γ has a self-tangency} Then ∆ and ∆(γ1 , , γN ) are closed subsets of Ω, and their complements Ω \ ∆ and Ω \ ∆(γ1 , , γN ) consist of flat knots, and flat knots ... intersection of α and γ At each self-intersection of γ the two intersecting strands of γ are accompanied by 2q strands of α which intersect γ in 2q points Since u(x) has 2p zeroes and γ has m self-intersections ... ANGENENT Figure 5: Convex and concave corners existence and uniqueness of smooth functions a(θ), b(θ) for which (a(θ), b(θ)) is a loop for γ(θ), and such that a(θ0 ) = a0 and b(θ0 ) = b0 Thus any...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 07:20

... my parents for their unflagging dedication and absolute confidence in me, and to my brother, grandmother, and extended family for their perpetual care and support Finally, it is impossible to believe ... referred to Bell and Howell Information and Learning, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346, or to the author Signature Date University of Washington Abstract Computer Graphics and Geometric ... Noth and Jeremy Buhler Escherization relied on crucial ideas from Branko Gr¨ nbaum, Michael u Ernst, and John Hughes, and the valuable input of Tony DeRose, Zoran Popovi´ , Dan Huttenlocher, c and...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 10:20

... Motion Pictures Anthony A Apodaca and Larry Gritz Digital Video and HDTV Algorithms and Interfaces Charles Poynton Curves and Surfaces in Geometric Modeling: Theory and Algorithms Jean Gallier Real-Time ... Ken Perlin, and Steven Worley Geometric Tools for Computer Graphics Philip Schneider and David Eberly Understanding Virtual Reality: Interface, Application, and Design William Sherman and Alan Craig ... Algorithms and Techniques Rick Parent Andrew Glassner’s Notebook: Recreational Computer Graphics Andrew S Glassner Warping and Morphing of Graphical Objects Jonas Gomes, Lucia Darsa, Bruno Costa, and...

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2014, 01:06

... Finally, the performance of each topology is discussed, and practical insights are given on how to instantiate a real-life BAN with respect to the application demands and propagation context Furthermore, ... lowloss and phase-stable cables interconnect all components, and the IF-bandwidth was set to 100 Hz to enlarge the dynamic range to about 120 dB The experimental scenario is presented in Figure and ... from (17) and the final expression is given in (19) D Minimum transmit powers The first terms in the sum at the right-hand side of (17) and the first multiplicative term at the right-hand side...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... study and performed the analysis KK conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination ST participated in the sequence alignment and drafted the manuscript All authors read and ... (0, 1) and x, y Î I with x ≠ y, and then we obtain the desired result □ Lemma Let  and ψ be two functions on I such that ψ -  is strictly monotone increasing (resp decreasing) on I and ψ is ... [resp sm C− (I)] Put x = M (f) and y = Mψ(f), and so x

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... v and v so that g(v ) < g(v) < g(v ) or g(v ) = g(v) = g(v ) and v belongs to the line between v and v Proof This follows for outer vertices since they form a subdivision of a convex n–gon, and ... rising and a left rising path from v to a positive pole, and also both right and left falling paths from v to a negative pole Proof By Lemma v has a neighbor v with g(v ) > g(v) or g(v ) = g(v) and ... cycle at z = 0, and upper and lower subgraphs Gupper (at z > 0) and Glower (at z < 0) The edges on the central cycle are longer than all other edges upper subgraph Gupper (with z > 0) and in the lower...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 13:21

... was used as a template, and the center of the target was carefully marked A pencil was used to mark the inner table of the skull bone and bone landmarks on the lateral and anterioposterior views; ... design, data analysis and writing of the manuscript 11 12 13 PB/POL involved in the design of the study and acquisition of data RH/ATB study design, analysis of data and results, and finally in the ... stereoadapter (LS) and the Gill-Thomas-Cosman frame (GTC) These frames have reported a high level of reproducibility with a geometrical accuracy of less than mm for the LS [10,11] and a overall accuracy...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:22

... treated as H; E/e and B, denoting β-strand and β-ladder, respectively, were merged and treated as B; T/t and S/s, denoting turn and geometrical bends, respectively, were merged and treated as T; ... (H), β-strand (B), loop (T) and irregular structures (C) for each residue in a fragment Symbols H/h, G/g, and P/p denoting α-helix, 310-helix, and π-helix, respectively, were merged and treated ... center L and fragment K ψiCL-ψiFK = ψ angle difference at position i in cluster center L and fragment K If DIST[CL, Fk] ≤ R and (φiCL-φjFK) ≤ ANG and (ψiCLψjFK) ≤ ANG{ Insert Fk into group L and add...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... data assistant (PDA), and mobile phone and so they provide an alternative channel for document capture and understanding Figure 1.1: Document images with perspective and geometric distortions: ... models are proposed and they are able to rectify document text with rotationinduced skew, perspective, and geometric distortions Besides, a document understanding model is designed and it is able ... capturing and processing This thesis presents a new technique using fuzzy set and morphological operations, which is capable of rectifying and recognizing document images with perspective and geometric...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:13

... Vilonen: Geometric Langlands duality and representations of algebraic groups over commutative rings, Ann of Math (2) 166 (2007), no 1, 95-143 [9] G Pappas and M Rapoport: Twisted loop groups and their ... [16] I Mirkovi´c and K Vilonen: Geometric Langlands duality and representations of algebraic groups over commutative rings, Ann of Math (2) 166 (2007), no 1, 95-143 [17] Ngˆ o B C and P Polo: R´ ... datum and vice ˆ versa Hence, to every connected reductive group G, there is associated its dual group G Following Drinfeld’s geometric interpretation of Langlands’ philosophy, Mirkovi´c and Vilonen...

Ngày tải lên: 19/11/2015, 14:17

... graphs G and H, denoted G + H, is the graph whose vertex set is the disjoint union of the vertex sets of G and of H and whose edge set is the (disjoint) union of the edge sets of G and H If G and ... V Chv´atal, M M Newborn and E Szemer´edi, Crossing-free subgraphs, in Theory and Practice of Combinatorics, 9–12, North-Holland Math Stud., 60, North-Holland, Amsterdam and New York, 1982 [2] ... 41–43 [22] P Erd˝ os and L Lov´asz, Problems and results on 3-chromatic hypergraphs and some related questions, in Infinite and Finite Sets, A Hajnal et al eds, North Holland (1975), 609-628 [23]...

Ngày tải lên: 21/11/2015, 21:10

... group and Langlands duality, preprint alg-geom/9511007, 1995 [GNO] P Goddard, J Nuyts, and D Olive, Gauge Theories and Magnetic Change, Nuclear Phys B 125 (1977) 1–28 143 LANGLANDS DUALITY AND ALGEBRAIC ... 166 (2007), 95–143 Geometric Langlands duality and representations of algebraic groups over commutative rings ´ By I Mirkovic and K Vilonen* Introduction In this paper we give a geometric version ... dimensional quotient LANGLANDS DUALITY AND ALGEBRAIC GROUPS] 99 In this paper we consider sheaves in the classical topology, with the exception of Section 14 where we use the etale topology Therefore,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:21

... but this computational techniques is also very useful in algebraic topology I thank all my colleagues and students, in Trieste and Genova and other locations, who have helped me to clarify some ... to (complex) algebraic geometry for students with an education in theoretical physics, to help them to master the basic algebraic geometric tools necessary for doing research in algebraically ... and for pointing out an error and the o students of the 2002/2003 course for their interest and constant feedback Genova, December 2004 Contents Part Algebraic Topology Chapter Introductory material...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 16:26

... Goldman and R Krasauskas, Topics in Algebraic Geometry and Geometric Modeling, Contemporary Mathematics, American Mathematical Society 2003 M Elkadi, B Mourrain and R Piene, Algebraic Geometry and Geometric ... and R Piene, editors, Algebraic Geometry and Geometric Modeling, Mathematics and Visualization Springer, 2006 J G Alc´ zar and J R Sendra Computation of the topology of real algebraic space a curves ... Geometric Modeling and Algebraic Geometry Bert J¨ ttler • Ragni Piene u Editors Geometric Modeling and Algebraic Geometry 123 Bert J¨ ttler u Institute...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 21:10

... Front-End and Back-End Topology Works" in the Exchange Server 2003 and Exchange 2000 Server Front-End and Back-End Server Topology Guide Authentication Mechanisms for HTTP The front-end server handles ... the protocol and the action being performed This section discusses the Windows® and Microsoft Exchange Server components that are essential to understanding how front-end and back-end topology works ... understand how these components function in a front-end and back-end topology and assess whether the modifications will affect your organization This section also explains how front-end and back-end...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 18:20

... Source: Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing for Mechanical Design Chapter Introduction to Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing For many in the manufacturing sector, geometric dimensioning and ... 15:58 Source: Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing for Mechanical Design Chapter Symbols, Terms, and Rules Symbols, terms, and rules are the basics of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing ... the subject of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) The primary purpose of this book is to teach the graphic language of GD&T in a way that the learner can understand and use it in practical...

Ngày tải lên: 23/01/2014, 04:20

... TAFII and NC2 and NF-Y factors that have histone fold motifs [52] Group G is a small subset that contains all the SMAD proteins of the HTFN and APC and b-catenin-related factors Groups C and D ... the Rel family and CRE binding 6428 factors involved in the NFjB pathway and other functional related factors, such as p300 and CBP Group D contain factors related to cell cycle and DNA repair-related ... (p53 and its direct interactors, and BCRA) It is noteworthy that it contains the structural and functional E2F ⁄ pRB pathway, which is made of a group of fork-head transcription factors (E2F and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20