... breathed by people, i.e exposure Thus, to understand the potential health impact of air pollution it is important to measure at the places where the people are ( 2) The idea of measuring where the ... the rate of andthe existence lation conditions breathing andthe size of other diseases inside a building harm Exposure depends on how many people of the particles The concentration not if the ... was easier to judge whether the outdoor air being monitored was reasonably representative of the outdoor air breathed by the local population (6ab) As the GEMS data set further evolves, it may...
... 2009 | 25 1.2 1.6 India andthe southern Bay of Bengal The sea-surface temperature (SST) is anomalously low over the entire Arabian Sea andthe Bay of Bengal andthe northern Indian Ocean (Figure 5(b)) ... Most of the aerosols are the absorbing species—black carbon from coal and biofuel burning, biomass burning and dust During the northern spring and early summer, these aerosols are blown from the ... anticyclone over northern India andthe Tibetan Plateau, with strong nor therlies over 75-90°E, 20-25°N and easterlies across the Indian subcontinent andthe Arabian Sea at -20°N The large-scale...
... them (165) The naturalness of Greek clothing for the well-being of the body is equated with the naturalness of motherhood andthe wholesome health of future generations The dress andthe flowing ... sculpture placed greater emphasis on the female body as well as the male for the importance of the physical health of the nation By the 1880s these artists and their interests were so well known ... fashionable (The ‘S-Shape’ was later used to describe the shape of the Edwardian corset in the 1900s) This shape thrust the breasts out to the front and pushed the buttocks out at the back with the ideas...
... review, we examine various indoor airpollutants affecting thehealth of children, their clinical effects, their assessment and management, and strategies for control and prevention 11 In this monograph ... to the transmission of toxins that the mother inhales through the placent-fetal unit Certainly maternal smoking puts the fetus at risk for growth failure and other developmental effects Airpollutants ... a change in the school that will benefit thehealth of all who work and study there 26 1.7 References Angle CR Indoor airpollutants Adv Pediatr 1988; 35: 239-80 Anderson HR, Butland BK, Strachan...
... research and practice We next consider recent work focused on the causal direction of the relationship between income and health, and suggest that this andthe more general literature on income andhealth ... likely to report their general health as fair or poor Finally, studies have also found that the duration of poverty matters for health; the longer the poverty spell, the worse is ones’ health (Lynch ... sectional and longitudinal studies They were able to rule out health at birth, genetic factors, parental health, andhealth insurance as explanations for the income effects Furthermore, the income...
... variables 176 E MIGUEL AND M KREMER Yijt is the individual health or education outcome, where i refers to the school, j to the student, and t ∈ {1 2} to the year of the program; T1it and T2it are indicator ... is the treatment assignment of the school in 1998 (t = 1), and this takes on a value of one for Group and zero for Group schools The first term on the right-hand side of the equation (β1 ) is the ... treatment was delivered to the schools by Kenya Ministry of Health public health nurses and ICS public health officers Following standard practice (Bundy and Guyatt (1996)), the medical protocol did...
... ambient air quality data The mean of the daily PM10 exposures in the THEES study was 75 μg/m3, with a standard deviation of 44 μg/m3 The total human exposure to airpollutants is the sum of the exposures ... limit for the life time of the individual, there should be no health effect of the pollutant to the individual On the other hand, if the threshold concentration is exceeded, then thehealth effect ... geography and pollution This study combined the efforts of centres in The U.K., The Netherlands, Poland andThe Czech Republic and was coordinated by Dr Paul Elliot at the London School of Hygiene and...
... requirements of good healthandThe aims of the study were: To explore physical and mental health in the Norwegian police service To explore the relationship between the frequency and severity of ... The study was funded and supported by the Norwegian Department of Justice, the Norwegian Foundation for Healthand Rehabilitation, andthe Norwegian Institute of Public HealthThe authors thank ... police from the original sample in November 2001, asking whether they had received the questionnaire or not The response rate was 70% (n = 475) The results showed that 26% had never received the questionnaire...
... additional funding and their own sets of priorities for investing in healthandhealth research Simultaneously, major United Nations players like the WHO, World Bank and UNICEF have changed their focus ... to enhance the prospects of improving health at the local and national level through better global governance, and hope for an exchange of ideas that will be innovative and helpful to the process ... Globalization andHealth 2005, 1:2 http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/1/1/2 all can be prevented through multi-sectoral and international actions We will encourage an exchange of views on how the...
... conducting the examination of the women We further would like to acknowledge R Dolgner and M Islam for coordinating the study andthe spirometry The Ministry of the Environment of NRW (LUA) financed the ... ambient air pollution exposureand respiratory morbidity and lung function Table shows the results of the logistic and linear regression analysis for the association of living near a major road and ... in Borken andthe other areas have been shown for the years after 1990 andthe discontinuous measurements of TSP in 1984–1987 agreed well with the imputed values The idea of monitoring air pollution...
... that: • the thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award to the candidate of any other degree or diploma except where due reference is made in the text of the thesis • to the ... Vietnam The number of respondents was 150 and most of them were willing to reply the questionnaires The questionnaire is in Appendix 1.7 Significance and scope of the Research Identifying the factors ... his/her risks The essence of risk is the uncertainty of outcome The term exposure refers to the combination of the probability of all potential events andthe magnitude of their impact The Chinese...
... provider, and understanding the military culture While these issues are clearly important and related to the campaign, they fall outside the scope of thecampaign s goals as currently stated Campaign ... in the Real Warriors Campaign Materials Our review of the four campaign goals suggests that they are consistent with theHealth Belief Model, which serves as the theoretical basis of thecampaign ... throughout the development of thecampaign messages, materials, and dissemination strategies The core messages of thecampaign were relevant and constituted the right messages for the campaign; ...
... fuels for heating and cooking.52) Biological Pollutants Dander, mold, dust, and other organisms carried into by animals and people are biological airpollutants in buildings Airpollutants are related ... buildings and condominiums with damp problems could have their health affected by microbial contamination.35–37) On the other hand, physiological and psychological effects of low humidity and low air ... efforts should be made to improve thehealth of both of the individuals andthe public REFERENCES 1) Chang, C and Gershwin, M E (2004) Indoor air quality and human health: truth vs mass hysteria...
... account for these factors when analyzing the associations between air pollution exposureandhealth Rotterdam is the second largest city in the Netherlands with a high population density andthe largest ... PM10 and NO2 in our cohort, because these pollutants have been routinely measured in the National Air Quality Monitoring Network during the study period, and they often exceed theair quality standards ... Conclusions Detailed air pollution exposure levels are available for mothers, fathers, and children in the Generation R Study and efforts are ongoing to update these exposures The individual exposure estimates...
... Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on theHealth of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures | Review of the evidence for health effects There is consistent evidence that exposure ... Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on theHealth of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures Key healthand development-related factors • The ... type, exposure of the child to smoke during peak cooking times, reported hours spent near the stove, and whether the child is carried on the |9 Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor...
... known effects on health As with other pollutants, the extent and nature of the effects on health will depend on many factors including level of exposureand duration of exposureThe immediate symptoms ... DALY is the loss of one healthy life year IAP = indoor air pollution Ref: Thehealth effects of indoor air pollution exposure in developing countries Concise summary of the evidence for health ... Denmark, Finland, and Japan, indicate the need for further investigation of the possible role of carbon monoxide in the genesis of atherosclerotic vascular changes in animals and man The degree...
... 1990 andthe Water Resources Act 1991 consider environment and pollution The indoor air quality andthehealthand comfort in the workplace environment depends upon a number of factors in the ... rhinitis and asthma can be caused by diverse allergens, e.g., the house dust mite, pollen, cat dander and moulds Comfort andhealthThe quality of the built environment is associated with the health, ... indoor air quality such as asthma and allergies, are increasing in the population (Gravesen et al., 1990) The indoor air quality and healthy and comfortable internal environment is the product of the...
... for an airshed as a whole These standards have thehealth risks factored in them, which basically means that if an airshed is compliant with the US-NAAQS then the effects of criteria pollutants ... features, and questioned the actual enforcement of such standards Honaganahali added that the US National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are healthbased standards for criterial pollutants ... and Public Health On the website there are links to many studies pertaining to air pollution and public health, as well as a number of links to sites providing real-time data on air quality The...
... places and poorly at others The hitherto research shows that the condition of the root system as a tree foundation in the broadest sense of the word is a useful parameter not only indicating the ... of the present paper is to analyze the sycamore maple root system development, health condition andthe species growth in the air- polluted region of Krušné hory Mts., and to contribute with these ... stands were not included in the analyses because they not occur in the region of Krušné hory Mts on the given sites In the region of Bohemian-Moravian Upland the analyses included forest stands...
... like to acknowledge R Dolgner and M Islam for co-ordinating the study andthe spirometry The Ministry of the Environment of NRW financed the baseline study andthe mortality follow-up U Gehring ... fitted very well the lung function values of these women, i.e 5% of these women had lung function values below the 80% cut-offs Assessment of air pollution exposure We obtained theair pollution ... to the study design the women who had their lung function tested lived to a larger extent in rural areas and related to that they were to some extent healthier and smoked less than those in the...