addressing inequality and economic marginalisation
Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 1.1
... conceptual-ization of the multiplicity and salience of major challengesto development and security, all of which require political and public awareness and economic resources for timely and efficient policy treatment. ... ‘long tail’ and intergenera-tional modes of climate change impact and thus impliesspecial monetary and/ or insurance funds to cover respect-ive costs and expected damage. On the other hand, look-ing ... of risks,costs and benefits of handling these hazards using a multi-criteria and systems approach towards the setting ofpolicy priorities and resource sharing.In addition to and developing...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 1.2
... renewal and transformation; and (3) and understandingof change and uncertainty as inherent insocial-ecological systems.This statement strongly reflects the convergentaspects of CCA and DRR. ... CCA and DRR merged with insurance schemes could playan important role when discussing financial vul-nerability and managing risks for governments and communities.Understanding resilience and ... al. (2003) attri-bute coping capacity and adaptive capacity asseparate dimensions of resilience, Smit and Wandel (2006) lump them together. To Smit and Wandel (2006), adaptive capacity is equivalentto...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 1.3
... Geneva,Switzerland.ISDR, 2009. Global Assessment Report on Disaster RiskReduction: Risk and Poverty in a Changing Climate.United Nations, Geneva, Switzerland.Janssen, M. A. and Anderies, J. ... 451–456.Meyer, W. B. and Turner, B. L., 1992. Human-populationgrowth and global land-use cover change. AnnualReview of Ecology and Systematics,23.39–61.Næss, L. O., Bang, G., Eriksen, S. and Vevatne, ... scholars, and increase collaboration betweenthe young and the seasoned within academicinstitutions, development and relief organiz-ations and government. We see this path,embedded in adaptive and...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 1.4
... variability in landfalls.3.2. Landfall rates and proportionTable 2 shows for three different periods – 1900 –2008, 1951–2008 and 1979–2008 – the frequencyof annual landfalls in the first and second ... of ENSO, NAO and AMO on landfall-ing storms and damage (e.g. Elsner and Jagger,2006; Jagger et al., 2008). Elsner and Jagger(2008) find a relationship between the solar cycle and US hurricane ... thenumber of storms making landfall (cf. Elsner and Bossack, 2001; Elsner et al., 2003; Nzerem et al.,2008; Smith, 2008) and also in the intensity ofstorms at landfall (Landsea, 2005). This meansthat...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 1.5
... hurricanelandfalls and their impacts will be those whobest match their decisions to what can and cannot be known about the uncertain future. And such wisdom starts with understanding thehistorical record and ... ChangeSAMUEL FANKHAUSER1,*, DAVID KENNEDY2 AND JIM SKEA31Grantham Research Institute and Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy, London School of Economics,Houghton Street, London WC2A ... doi:10.1038/nature04477.Landsea, C. W., 2007. Counting Atlantic TropicalCyclones back to 1900. EOS, 88. 197 and 202.Lonfat, M., Boissonnade, A. and Muir-Wood, R., 2007.Atlantic Basin, US and Caribbean landfall...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 2.1
... Climate change and the frequency and severity of natural disastersIn addition to socio -economic developments,climate change may increase the intensity and severity of weather extremes and contribute ... under climate and socio -economic change2.1. Impact of socio -economic developmentson natural catastrophe damageHuman-induced developments are a major deter-minant of the occurrence and consequences ... of diseases in affected areas, and havemajor adverse economic consequences causedby damage to property, both direct and indirect,such as business interruption and productivitylosses. Some...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 2.2
... namely low economic growth (RC) and high growth (GE) and corresponding changes inthe ‘portfolio of properties at risk’ module ofFigure 2 were based on a land use model of the Neth-erlands (Janssen ... Assessment of future flood risk in the Nether-lands under a range of climate change and socio -economic scenariosSource: Aerts et al. (2008a)214 Botzen and van den BerghENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS3.2.2. ... system that enhancethis system’s resistance to disasters and itscapacity to respond to, and cushion impacts of,a disaster (Handmer and Dovers, 1996; Bocˇkar-jova, 2007). Bocˇkarjova (2007)...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 2.3
... disasters.Disaster Prevention and Manage-ment,13(4).307–314.Rose, A., 2004b. Economic principles, issues, and research priorities in hazard loss estimation. Model-ling Spatial and Economic Impacts of ... warming(Weingart et al., 2000; Andreadis and Smith, 2007).We are entering a period when carefulinterpretation and communication of the economic, political and social dimensions ofclimate ... transnational and com-pounded crises such as terrorism (Norris et al.,2003; Papacharissi and de Fatima Oliveira,2008); pandemics (Buus and Olsson, 2006; Shihet al., 2008; Ungar, 2008) and climate...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 2.4
... wetlands which perform essentialhydrological, biological and chemical functions and which support and maintain the productivity and health of the river systems. A number of theBasin wetlands ... (The Australian,3 September 2008), and ‘Water dries up life on theland – Randall Crozier stands in the barrenpaddock, frowning at the drought-bleacheddesert sand’ (The Australian, 13 September ... catchment area forthe Murray and Darling rivers and their tribu-taries. It extends from Queensland to South Aus-tralia, including three-quarters of New SouthWales and half of Victoria. The basin...
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Climate change as environmental and economic hazard - phần 2.5
... management and climate change was justified by the fact that MinisterPenny Wong was the minister for climate change and water.5. The Coorong Wetlands are one of the most impor-tant wetlands in ... Contingencies and Crisis Management, 8(4). 218–222.Rosenthal, U., Boin, A. and ’t Hart, P., 2001. The chan-ging world of crises and crisis management.Managing Crises: Threats, Dilemmas and Opportunities,U. ... and L. Comfort (eds). CharlesC. Thomas, Springfield, IL.Seeger, M. W., Sellnow, T. L. and Ulmer, R. R., 2003.Communication and Organizational Crisis. Praeger,Westport, CT.Semetko, H. A. and...
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SOAP Messages - Addressing, Messaging, and Routing
... process of routing and referral.CHAPTER 8 ■SOAP MESSAGES: ADDRESSING, MESSAGING, AND ROUTING 195701xCH08.qxd 7/14/06 5:30 PM Page 195SOAP Messages: Addressing, Messaging, and RoutingTraditional ... Context .Addressing property thatexposes the AddressingHeaders class. Here, you can directly set message addressing information, such as From, To, ReplyTo, and Action properties.3. The Addressing ... SMTP.The addressing headers and references will apply, regardless of how the message istransported.The two more important classes in the Addressing namespace are the AddressingHeadersclass and...
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Tài liệu Democracy and Economic Performance pptx
... Limongi, “Political Regimes and Economic Growth,” TheJournal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1993, 51-69.Rodrik, Dani, “Understanding Economic Policy Reform,” Journal of Economic Literature, March1996, ... of Economics, August 1995, 681-712.Pritchett, Lant, Economic Growth: Hills, Plains, Mountains, Plateaus and Cliffs,” unpublishedpaper, World Bank, October 1997.Przeworski, Adam, and Fernando ... degree of non-elite participation in politics and economic growth. See also Tavares and Wacziarg (1996) who estimate a system of simultaneous equations and find a positive effect of democracy ongrowth...
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Tài liệu Corruption, Democracy and Economic Growth docx
... A. and Limongi, F. (1993). “Political Regimes and Economic Growth,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 7: 51–69.Przeworski, A., Alvarez, M.E., Cheibub, J.A. and Limongi, F. (2000). Democracy and Development: ... C. and Karl, Terry Lynn (1991). “What Democracy Is . . . And Is Not,”Journal of Democracy, summer 75–88.Shleifer, Andrei and Vishny, Robert W. (1993). “Corruption,” Quarterly Journal of Economics108: ... Columbia and conducts research on foreign policy and politicaleconomy, and specifically on economic sanctions. He is the author of Economic Sanctions and Presidential Decisions: Models of Political...
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