action and preference part i
Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 1 ppsx
... for IGF-II is comparable to that of the type IGFR, and it appears that IR-A makes a significant contribution to mediating biological activity of IGF-II, both in vivo and in vitro.39, 40 When IR and ... of IRS1 and IRS-3 indicates that IRS-3 can function in adipogenesis.163 IRS-4 is a protein of similar size to IRS-1 and 2, with the potential to bind PI 3-kinase and Grb2.164 It was identified initially ... protein synthesis, and inhibitory effects on lipolysis and transcription of gluconeogenic genes.251, 252 In addition to a playing a central role in insulin action, PI 3-kinase activity is critical...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 3 pptx
... LPL Increased insulin sensitivity Increased insulin sensitivity Increased insulin resistance Obesity/maintained insulin sensitivity Lethal Lean/increased insulin sensitivity Lethal 70% Transgenic ... diabetic patients infused with insulin.120 It is interesting that intensive insulin treatment in type diabetic patients did not stimulate mitochondrial protein synthesis, which is consistent with the ... haploinsuficiency FOXO1 transgenic PTP-1B −/− SHIP2 −/− JNK1 Impaired glucose tolerance Increased insulin sensitivity Increased insulin sensitivity Enhanced insulin/leptin sensitivity Increased insulin...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 4 pdf
... VARIATION IN ADIPOSE TISSUE MASS 209 Relative risk of type II diabetes Health risks of fatness and fat distribution 20 15 10 III II I III II BMI tertiles /H s le r ti te W I Ohlsen et al (1985) Diabetes ... super-family It requires glycosylation for full activation and is bi-directional, catalysing oxidation and reduction using NADP(H) as a co-factor; i. e., it will inactivate cortisol to cortisone and vice ... production and limits glucose utilization through a β2-adrenergic-receptor-mediated mechanism Epinephrine also stimulates mobilization of fatty acids and inhibits pancreatic insulin secretion.10...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 5 pptx
... tissue and insulin sensitization lies in its effects on nitric oxide (NO) production: in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance it is known that NO is overproduced in adipose tissue and muscles ... resistance in the obese, and administering adiponectin restores insulin sensitivity and assists weight reduction 280 ADIPOKINES AND INSULIN RESISTANCE Treatment of diabetes with TZDs significantly raises ... other adipokines ADIPOKINES IMPLICATED IN INSULIN RESISTANCE 273 In the healthy individual insulin is a potent stimulator of glucose uptake in the adipocyte, muscle and liver Insulin binds to its...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 6 pps
... an impact on insulin sensitivity Diets high in fat are associated with impairments in insulin sensitivity and animal studies consistently demonstrate that high fat diets promote insulin resistance ... (4.2) Ethnicity: Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Caucasians Fasting insulin Fasting insulin IVGTT Fasting insulin Age, BMI, SES, smoking, heavy drinking, existing CHD Three-way analysis of covariance ... BMI: 22.9 (4) Ethnicity: Black (Nigeria) Participant characteristics Interviewer administered questionnaire (Kriska) for past year leisure and occupational activity, including time spent walking...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 8 pdf
... metabolism and insulin sensitivity.185 Predominantly expressed in the intestine and adipose tissue, it triggers adipocyte differentiation and promotes lipid storage.186 It could therefore play a significant ... (mainly localized in the liver), which acts bidirectionally potentially restoring cortisone into active cortisol, and 11β-HSD-2 (mainly localized in the kidney), which inactivates cortisol unidirectionally.209 ... plasma triglyceride concentrations and insulin resistance mechanistically As indicated in the following sections, it is believed that the hypertriglyceridaemic state associated with insulin resistance...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 9 pot
... fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI),41 fasting glucose insulin ratio,24 and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)42 and others Determining the fasting glucose insulin ratio ... index The action of metformin is not fully known It inhibits hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin In vitro 500 INSULIN RESISTANCE AND POLYCYSTIC OVARY ... action, the administration of this substance could improve insulin sensitivity According to this hypothesis D-chiro-inositol increased insulin action in patients with PCOS, thereby improving ovulatory...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 10 ppt
... observations suggest that IKKβ deficiency and its inhibition by aspirin improve insulin sensitivity in vivo There is also evidence suggesting that IKKβ may inhibit insulin signalling by facilitating ... studies indicate that PTEN plays a negative role in insulin signalling and its inhibition improves insulin sensitivity SHIP2 is another negative regulator of insulin signalling Overexpression ... guidelines it is not recommended because of potential problems, including fluid retention Thiazolidinediones and weight gain Weight gain is associated with both thiazolidinediones There were initial...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 2 pptx
... substrates (IRS) is important for the insulin-dependent mobilization of GLUT4.93 This participation is manifest by binding and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), a 76 INSULIN-MEDIATED ... transcriptional activity A physiological example of negative regulation of insulin in line with decreased transcriptional activity is the gene encoding for apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III).6 Insufficient down-regulation ... NEFA availability and oxidation ↓ NEFA availability and oxidation Regulation of adipokines synthesis and/ or secretion ↓ lipolysis Permissive effect on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (phase...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 3 ppsx
... LPL Increased insulin sensitivity Increased insulin sensitivity Increased insulin resistance Obesity/maintained insulin sensitivity Lethal Lean/increased insulin sensitivity Lethal 70% Transgenic ... diabetic patients infused with insulin.120 It is interesting that intensive insulin treatment in type diabetic patients did not stimulate mitochondrial protein synthesis, which is consistent with the ... haploinsuficiency FOXO1 transgenic PTP-1B −/− SHIP2 −/− JNK1 Impaired glucose tolerance Increased insulin sensitivity Increased insulin sensitivity Enhanced insulin/leptin sensitivity Increased insulin...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 4 ppsx
... VARIATION IN ADIPOSE TISSUE MASS 209 Relative risk of type II diabetes Health risks of fatness and fat distribution 20 15 10 III II I III II BMI tertiles /H s le r ti te W I Ohlsen et al (1985) Diabetes ... super-family It requires glycosylation for full activation and is bi-directional, catalysing oxidation and reduction using NADP(H) as a co-factor; i. e., it will inactivate cortisol to cortisone and vice ... production and limits glucose utilization through a β2-adrenergic-receptor-mediated mechanism Epinephrine also stimulates mobilization of fatty acids and inhibits pancreatic insulin secretion.10...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 5 doc
... tissue and insulin sensitization lies in its effects on nitric oxide (NO) production: in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance it is known that NO is overproduced in adipose tissue and muscles ... resistance in the obese, and administering adiponectin restores insulin sensitivity and assists weight reduction 280 ADIPOKINES AND INSULIN RESISTANCE Treatment of diabetes with TZDs significantly raises ... other adipokines ADIPOKINES IMPLICATED IN INSULIN RESISTANCE 273 In the healthy individual insulin is a potent stimulator of glucose uptake in the adipocyte, muscle and liver Insulin binds to its...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 7 pptx
... activity and its possible dis-benefits is most critical The demonstration in observational studies of a greater propensity to insulin resistance among individuals of different ethnic origins raises ... relatively few examples of gene–physical activity interaction on insulin resistance Candidate gene association studies in observational studies provide additional information about plausible sites ... PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND INSULIN RESISTANCE 59 Kiens, B., Lithell, H., Mikines, K J and Richter, E A (1989) Effects of insulin and exercise on muscle lipoprotein lipase activity in man and its relation...
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Insulin Action and Its Disturbances in Disease - part 9 docx
... fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI),41 fasting glucose insulin ratio,24 and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)42 and others Determining the fasting glucose insulin ratio ... index The action of metformin is not fully known It inhibits hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin In vitro 500 INSULIN RESISTANCE AND POLYCYSTIC OVARY ... action, the administration of this substance could improve insulin sensitivity According to this hypothesis D-chiro-inositol increased insulin action in patients with PCOS, thereby improving ovulatory...
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NTC's pocket dictionary of words and phrases part 75
... something (Past tense and past participle: worshiped Present participle: worshiping.) iv to attend a church service (Past tense and past participle: worshiped Present participle: worshiping.) ... federal income taxes write something out to put thoughts into writing, rather than keeping them in one’s memory writhe ["raID] iv to twist and turn in pain or as though in pain writing ["raIt IN] ... something that is written; a book, poem, or other document (Sometimes plural with the same meaning.) written ["rIt n] Past participle of write adj placed in writing; printed or spelled out in writing...
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Project Planning and Control Part 9
... Information Systems Information Systems Examination Board International Organization for Standardization Information Technology Life Cycle Costing Line of Balance Linear Responsibility Matrix Ministry ... task box indicates whether it is an ordinary activity, a critical activity, a summary activity or a milestone In practice it is still only possible to see quite a small network on this display ... priced) divided into operating and strategic spares Lubrication schedules Quality control records and audit trails Material test certificates Equipment test and performance certificates Equipment,...
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Interpolation and Extrapolation part 3
... Dm+1 ,i = Cm+1 ,i = Cm ,i+ 1 (Cm ,i+ 1 − Dm ,i ) x−xi x−xi+m+1 Dm ,i − Cm ,i+ 1 x−xi x−xi+m+1 Dm ,i (Cm ,i+ 1 − Dm ,i ) x−xi x−xi+m+1 (3.2.8) Dm ,i − Cm ,i+ 1 This recurrence is implemented in the following function, ... since this was tested in the initialt=(xa [i] -x)*d [i] /h; izing loop dd=t-c [i+ 1]; if (dd == 0.0) nrerror("Error in routine ratint"); This error condition indicates that the interpolating function ... Chapter Interpolation and Extrapolation relation exactly analogous to equation (3.1.3) for polynomial approximation: Ri (i+ 1) (i+ m) = R (i+ 1) (i+ m) + R (i+ 1) (i+ m) − Ri (i+ m−1) 1− R (i+ 1) (i+ m) −Ri (i+ m−1)...
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