acid hydrolysis of cellulose

... mechanism of acid hydrolysis of the 3,6-anGal-containing galactans 2126 Results and Discussion Identification of a complete series of odd-numbered oligosaccharides resulting from mild acid hydrolysis of ... instability highlights the fast rate of reduction Effect of acidity on acid hydrolysis Acid hydrolysis of polysaccharides is conventionally carried out in strong mineral acid and, as described above, ... series of exclusively odd-numbered oligosaccharides was obtained from mild acid hydrolysis of j-carrageenan Identification of odd-numbered oligosaccharides resulting from mild acid hydrolysis of agarose...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:21

... of active cellulose, kg/m3 c density of char, kg/m3 G density of gases, kg/m3 g density of volatiles, kg/m3 s density of solids, kg/m3 SD density of dry solid biomass, kg/m3 T density of ... Goodness of fit of the 1st order model for the degradation of cellulose with H3PO4 at various TGA heating rates 214  Table E3.2: Goodness of fit of the 1st order model for the degradation of ... the removal of inorganic impurities, alteration of crystallinity and degree of polymerisation of cellulose [23-26] The potential use of alkalis and by extension, controlling the levels of hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:15

... degree of substitution of phosphorous of 0.36 which corresponded to the molecular weight of ionic glucose unit of 219 g/mol 2.3 Hydrolysis of ionic cellulose Typically, 0.1 g of ionic cellulose ... absence of extra catalyst, the hydrolysis of C–O–P bond occurred faster than that of glucosidic bond in the hydrolysis of IC 3.1.2 Effect of acid catalysts Various homogeneous and solid acid catalysts ... Avance 400 Results and discussions 3.1 Hydrolysis of ionic cellulose The hydrolysis of ionic cellulose (IC) was conducted in the presence of various kinds of catalyst as shown in Table In a typical...

Ngày tải lên: 11/11/2015, 08:08

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2013, 09:28

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2013, 09:28

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2013, 09:28

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2013, 09:29

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2013, 09:29

... Acid Methyl Esters Mix (47080-U, SUPELCO, USA); and kinds of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) These standards were used to obtain 56 kinds of fatty acids Therefore, the contents of each fatty acid ... quantity of lipid, the content ratios of all the fatty acids, and the ratio of each fatty acid RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Characteristics of carbon stable isotope in Z japonica The mean δ13C of Z japonica ... that of the roots and rhizomes For example, the δ13C of HCO3- is higher than δ13C of CO2 in sea water Characteristics of fatty acid structure in Z japonica We found about 30 kinds of fatty acids...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... Journal of Energy and Environment (IJEE), Volume 1, Issue 3, 2010, pp.411-430 421 % of Premixed combustion % of Diffusion combustion Trend line of % of diffusion combustion Trend line of % of premixed ... volume, JT 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 50 % of tallow oil methyl ester by volume, SFCt 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of sunflower oil methyl ester and 50 % of coconut oil methyl ... Where, JT 80:20 = Blend of 80 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 20 % of tallow oil methyl ester by volume, JP 50:50 = Blend of 50 % of jatropha oil methyl ester and 50 % of palm oil methyl ester...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... lignocellulosic matrix of switchgrass resulting in a maximum theoretical yield of glucose after 30h of enzymatic hydrolysis[ 89] 8.3 Phosphoric acid The use of concentrated phosphoric acid (>83%) has ... summary of common pretreatments of lignocellulose shown in Table Table Summary of common pretreatments of lignocellulose Mechanical Milling: -Knife -Hammer -Ball Pretreatment Thermochemical Acidic: ... degree of crystallinity, DP -removal and hydrolysis of hemicellulose -transformation of lignin structure Fractionation: -Organosolv -Ionic Liquid -Phosphoric Acid -selective degradation of lignin...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... Modulation of butyrylcholinesterase catalytic activitiy P Masson et al both the competitive inhibition of hydrolysis of positively charged substrates and activation of hydrolysis of neutral substrates ... pattern of inhibition has been reported previously for decamethonium inhibition of the hydrolysis of 7-acetoxy-4-methylcoumarin by acetylcholinesterase [50] The inhibition of wild-type BuChE hydrolysis ... similar to the activating effect of tyramine binding on the hydrolysis of o-NAC and o-NPA The observation that benzalkonium is an inhibitor of BuChE-catalysed hydrolysis of ATMA at low [S] and an activator...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... sequence of the open reading frame (ORF) of their cDNAs and the corresponding aa sequences, in Table Summary of the purification of DNases I from the pancreases of three species of snake The results of ... Comparison of the three primary structures of deoxyribonuclease isolated from bovine, ovine, and porcine pancreas Derivation of the amino acid sequence of ovine DNase and revision of the previously ... 5¢-UTR regions of E climacophora DNase I cDNA were identical to those of E quadrivirgata, but 8.4% (16/189) of the entire nt sequence in the 3¢-UTR of the former was different from that of the latter...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 23:20

... alignments of 219 serpins showed that residue 53 is a Ser in 92% of the cases; residue 56 is a Ser in 74% of the cases; residue 186 an Asn in 87% of the cases; and residue 334 a His in 80% of the ... respectively) of the very unstable variants Q334H and G56S/Q334H At the routinely used pH of 8.1, there is only a slight effect of vitronectin on the rate of latency transition of PAI-1 wild-type, ... most of the BSA and most of the excess of LMW-uPA The samples were then precipitated with trichloroacetic acid and subjected to SDS/PAGE in gradient gels with 6–16% polyacrylamide The positions of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... spectra of fragment 1–40 ⁄ 104–123 in the presence of increasing concentrations of OA The CD spectrum of this fragment appeared to be that of a largely disordered polypeptide, but upon addition of ... summary, the results of this study indicate that, besides substantial variation in amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain of a-LA, severe truncation of the polypeptide chain of the protein is ... cell-damaging effects of the various OA complexes could result from an enhanced solubility of the otherwise poorly soluble and inherently toxic fatty acid [33] Results Preparation of complexes of a-LA fragments...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... PPADS, at 100 lM, inhibited the hydrolysis of Ó FEBS 2003 Hydrolysis of diadenosine polyphosphates (Eur J Biochem 270) 2975 Fig Effect of inhibitors on hydrolysis of Ap4A by NPP1, NPP2, and NPP3 ... the production of AMP and Apn-1 as the primary hydrolysis products Hydrolysis of ApnAs had a very alkaline pH optimum, comparable to that of alkaline phosphatases [18] Dinucleotide hydrolysis was ... specificity and are capable of hydrolyzing phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleic acids, and pyrophosphate bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars, resulting in the release of nucleoside 5¢...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... Ethanoic Acid Revision of Formation of Esters  Formed from:Carboxylic Acid  Alcohol  Ethanoic Acid Ethyl Ethanoate Ethanol Water Hydrolysis of Esters Hydrolysis REVERSE of esterification ... Ethyl Ethanoate Water Hydrolysis REVERSE of esterification  Broken down by reaction with water  Forms:  Carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ethanoate Ethanoic Acid Water Hydrolysis REVERSE of esterification ... Forms: Carboxylic Acid  Alcohol  Ethyl Ethanoate Ethanoic Acid Water Ethanol Hydrolysis REVERSE of esterification  Broken down by reaction with water  Forms: Alcohol  Carboxylic Acid   Dilute...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 22:06

... The Fatty Acids O CH3 (CH2)10 C OH Lauric acid O O CH3 (CH2)12 C OH CH3 (CH2)14 C OH Myristic acid Palmitic acid O CH3 (CH2)16 C OH O CH3 (CH2)7 CH CH (CH2)7 C OH Stearic acid Oleic acid O CH3 ... + H3O+ Hydrolysis of Amides Basic Solution O O Na+ _ R C NH2 + OH heat Na+ + NH3 R C O Acidic Solution O R C NH2 + H2O H2SO4 heat O R C OH + (NH4)SO4 excess Hydrolysis requires strong acid or ... Hydrolysis of Esters Basic Solution O R C O R O Na+_ + OH Na+ R C O heat + R O H Acidic Solution O R C O R + H2O H2SO4 heat O R C OH + R O H excess Hydrolysis requires strong acid or...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 22:06

... difference may be the result of the higher pH and the greater clay content of S2 and S4 This last difference could induce a lowering of the pH attributed to enhanced hydrolysis of the metals to a greater ... adsorption of Cd(II) onto kaolinite and Muloorina illite in the presence of citric acid Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 270, 86 – 93 Ma, L.Q., Rao, G.N., 1997 Chemical fractionation of cadmium, ... as a consequence of the increased sorption levels (McBride, 1999) In order to examine the role of soil pH and hydrolysis, the sorption data were also plotted against the pH of the filtrated solutions...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... F-ONA hydrolysis than for hydrolysis of ONA by BuChE arises from the big jump in the turnover of F-ONA (> 7500 min)1) as compared to that of ONA (> 13 min)1) [26] To summarize, the hydrolysis of ... reflect the contribution of the fluorine atoms in F-ONA to the stabilization of the alkoxide moiety and further acetylation of BuChE As the oxyanion hole of BuChE is composed of Gly116, Gly117, and ... composed of Gly121, Gly122, and Ala204 [28], the faster hydrolysis of ONA by AChE would not arise from the amino acids in the hole, but possibly from improved accommodation and stabilization of the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20