... Authorization Access control decision is actually an authorization decision if o is an object, authorization answers the question “Who is trusted to access o?” Simple analogy Consider a paper-based ... control takes the second approach Application oriented IT systems, like DBMSs, offer services for the user and control the actions of subjects Elementary access operations On the most elementary ... Permissions – read, write, execute, delete, change permission, change ownership file deletion and change of permissions are not directory operations Terminology for access right manipulation –...
... tabular format to provide information to consumers about interest rates and some fees on solicitations and applications mailed to consumers According to issuers, consumer groups, and others, this format, ... important information Sources: UserWorks, Inc.; Information International Associates In addition, the disclosure documents often failed to group relevant information together Although one of the ... agreement—and how a consumer uses CardWeb.com, Inc., an online publisher of information about the payment card industry Based on data from the Federal Reserve Board’s monthly G.19 release on consumer credit...
... adhesion and migration on fibronectin display conserved patterns of integrin expression J Cell Sci 103, 435–444 Pattillo, R.A., Gey, G.O., Delfs, E & Mattingly, R.F (1968) Human hormone production ... no differentiation to syncytium [23] under non activated conditions [24] This is in contrast to primary cultures of term cytotrophoblasts which aggregate and form syncytia In contrast to BeWo ... valid and convenient in vitro model system for studying the cellular activities and regulation of transplacental transport and uptake mechanisms To date, only limited information on binding and...
... stoichiometric conditions) Thus, this hypothesis is consistent with the observation of an apparent decrease in the formation of blue di-sq with increasing pH upon four-electron reduction Additional evidence ... reduction or the formation and subsequent depletion of the neutral di-sq signal at 600 nm Two main exponential phases were observed with the rst reporting on the formation of the two-electron reduced ... rule out any obvious thermodynamic reason for the pH-dependent variation in di-sq formation upon mixing oxidized CPR with excess NADPH Therefore, the reaction was analysed at various pH values...
... observation sequence and label sequence, and the conditional expectation given the observation sequence alone With the Markov assumption in Eq (2), these expectations can be computed using a forward-backward-like ... following reasons: • The conditional log-likelihood function is no longer a convex function due to the summation over hidden variables This makes the model highly likely to settle on a local optimum ... function in CRFs is a convex function, and so SGD can find the single global optimum for it In contrast, the objective function for the perceptron, which is the difference between two convex...
... and secretion or to the lack of some critical HCV partners in Huh7 cells Some data argue for the former hypothesis On the one hand, inoculation of chimpanzees with a Con1 sequence containing these ... characterization of HCV-like particle envelope proteins has been conducted by analysing their antigenic properties This was done using a large panel of monoclonal and conformational antibodies ... Subgenomic replicon G418 selection and clonal expansion Huh7 cells replicating HCV in chimpanzees [7] In parallel, the replicon system has allowed the selection of highly permissive cell clones (Fig...
... position in the N-myristoylation consensus motif on the efficiency of the cotranslational N-myristoylation reaction To determine the amino-terminal sequence requirements for protein N-myristoylation, ... N-myristoylation consensus motif (Eur J Biochem 271) 869 Fig Effect of the amino acid residue at position in N-myristoylation consensus motif on the amino acid requirements at position for cotranslational ... acid residue at position in the N-myristoylation consensus motif on protein N-myristoylation, vertical scanning mutagenesis of the amino acid at position in MG6S-TNF was performed; a series of...
... [31] We therefore reasoned that, for the fitting procedure, there was little need to account for the experimental error in the evaluation of Michaelis constants We thus considered that, for fitting ... prevailing concentration of glucose [40] Hexose transport is thus expected to take an active role in the regulation of glycolytic flux, and evolutionary selection for the intricate control of function ... performed on the model using the evolutionary programming (genetic) algorithm incorporated in GEPASI [16], with a population of 50 models running for 300 generations We fitted Vmax values for...
... a CNF formula ~, first construct a string o by notational translation: use a minus sign for negation, a comma for conjunction, and no explicit operator for disjunction Then the o corresponding ... negation sign, and replaces the satisfaction automaton with constraints from the dictionary component; see Barton (1985) for details 2Membership in NP is also required for this conclusion A later ... notation is unambiguous without parentheses because is required to be in CNF Second, construct a Kimmo automaton component A in three parts (A varies from formula to formula only when the formulas...
... genetic backgrounds, the genomic locus of insertion for gene disruption, transgenic expression levels and nutrient conditions are responsible for the divergent results These issues need to be ... pathological consequence of overexpressing only LRRK2 wild-type or PD-related mutations in rodent model is mostly neuron dysfunction, rather than degeneration One of the intriguing findings Approaches for ... function but not neurodegeneration No description of characterization Survived normally; display no overt behavioral abnormality; unaltered number of dopaminergic neurons for up to 24 months...
... Introduction Forestry provides two types of long term benefits: Wood benefits; timber, poles, thinnings Non-Wood benefits; environmental protection, wildlife habitat, land restoration, recreational ... timed on- going outlays:thinnings, maintenance, income- poles or timber? income – time of harvest? Cash Flow Forecasting Cash flow prediction over a long horizon is difficult Investment Evaluation ... environment Both these benefits can span a lifetime of over 50 years Cash Flow Structure General for Projects initial cash outlay inflows from sale of product Particular to Forestry long term...
... parameters for Dupont-Rosenfeld (left) and top-level (right) models on the validation set and perplexity on the validation set The two tables compare performance when using a class model trained on all ... λi are optimized on the validation set Perplexity is reported for the validation set All following tables also optimize on the validation set and report results on the validation set The last ... International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, pages 901–904 Bernhard Suhm and Alex Waibel 1994 Towards better language models for spontaneous speech In International Conference on Spoken...
... robust on reference transcriptions and based on reference component annotations, doesn’t imply a proportional robustness on component sequences generated by CRF models This intuition is confirmed ... with terms conditioned with less information The use of head words and their percolation over the tree is called lexicalization The goal of tree lexicalization is to add lexical information all over ... Chomsky Normal Form, thus for simplicity we provide directly such formulation Tree Representations for Extended Named Entities As discussed in (Johnson, 1998), an important point for a parsing...
... angiogenesis [2–7,21–23], none has studied the effect of chronic and heavy alcohol consumption on the neovasculature We investigated the effect of chronic and heavy alcohol feeding on alcohol metabolism ... levels in rats fed alcohol for 10 weeks compared with controls (nonalcohol and 1-week alcohol-fed rats) (Fig 5A) Laser photocoagulation alone had no effect on the expression of these proteins (Fig ... Bora et al In conclusion, in an experimental rat model of laserinduced CNV, we have shown that heavy and prolonged alcohol consumption was associated with increased FAEES expression and increased...
... the compositional formation of meaning representations may be computationally more attractive in some cases (e.g in unificationbased formalisms) Thus if the non-compositional formation of semantic ... assumption of mathematical operations as basic constituents of lexical meaning uncomfortably strong This is one of the reasons why Pinkal proposes separate lexical entries for each morphosyntactic form ... Tappe and the referees for their comments on earlier versions of this paper Thanks also to Longin Latecki for discussions about constraint propagation, and to Christopher Habel for encouraging me...
... equation t P {X(t) > x} = x − A(x) + P {X(t − u) > x − y}a(y) dy λe−λu du This integral equation is easily obtained by conditioning on the epoch of the first Poisson event and by conditioning on ... Decision Processes 279 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Introduction The Semi-Markov Decision Model Algorithms for an Optimal Policy Value Iteration and Fictitious Decisions Optimization of Queues One-Step ... model for many real-world phenomena The explanation lies in the following deep result that is only roughly stated; see Khintchine (1969) for the precise rationale for the Poisson assumption in...
... evolution In addition to providing a means for improving the operation of a particular e¡ector cell, information on immune performance can permit the selection of those e¡ector cells that contribute ... how information about the goals is translated into varied concentrations of DNA binding proteins An additional example of `informatics' in biology, concerns information transfer in ant colonies ... amount of MAPK activation required for gene expression is going to take much longer This may account for why, if you don't keep it active for long enough, the system depontentiates, but if you...
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... organs non-invasively thus precluding a longitudinal evaluation of donor cell distribution Using a similar cell sorting and labeling strategy we, however, recently demonstrated that donor cells ... take full advantage of: • Convenient online submission • Thorough peer review • No space constraints or color figure charges • Immediate publication on acceptance • Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus ... coinjected with the donor cells, we sorted for high or low ALDH expression after labeling with Feridex750 nanoparticles and prior to transplantation As can be seen in Additional file 1, we confirmed the...