... electSpeed Duty ratio
VSWT Aero dynamical / Mechanical unit
MPPT
LPPT
Operator
Controller
speed
d
Control
strategy
VSWT Control unit
VSWT Electrical unit
Fig. 1. Control concept of VSWT with ... controller in
combination with two optimum wind turbines power/torque
versus speed characteristics. Two control loops: inner feed
forward current control loop and outer voltage control
closed loop ... power in above rated
wind speeds. This control acts directly upon an additional
hydraulic system and is very important to protect the
blades from breaking.
The speedcontrol algorithm serves...
... DC Motorwith Tachometer.
The factory specifications are shown in Table 1.
Mechatronics Kevin Craig
DC Motor / Tachometer Closed-Loop SpeedControl System 8
In the early days of analog control, ... Mechatronics Kevin Craig
DC Motor / Tachometer Closed-Loop SpeedControl System 21
Table 1. Specifications of the Honeywell 22VM51-020-5 DC Motorwith Tachometer
Motor Characteristics Units Values ... root-locus domain.
Mechatronics Kevin Craig
DC Motor / Tachometer Closed-Loop SpeedControl System 24
Mechatronics
DC Motor / Tachometer Closed-Loop SpeedControl
System
1. Introduction
This...
...
.
1
Speed Control
TM
ô
SPC Gas Springs,
cushioned 2486.12.
FIBRO SPC Gas Springs Speed Control
TM
ô are designed to
reduce or eliminate the sheet metal retainer bounce back
which is ... replace all gas springs with SPC gas springs
Option 2 – corner solution (see below)
SPC
2480.12./13. or
2484.12./13. LCF
SPC
Braking distance
(~ 30 mm)
*At room temperature with free airow
Speed ... unit of time
stroke in mm
time in s
sheet metal retainer without SPC
sheet metal retainer with SPC
SPC reduces speed to 0.4 m/s
press speed 1.0 m/s
Strokes per minute, depending on stroke
travel,...
...
used with PMAMs with either sinusoidal or nonsinusoidal back emf waveforms.
Machines with sinusoidal back emfs may be controlled so as to achieve nearly con-
stant torque; however, machines with ... machine current, the torque may be controlled with the same band-
width as to which the stator currents are controlled. In fact, it is often the case that for
practical purposes, the torque control ... structure of the controls
Figure 14.1-1. Permanent-magnet acmotor drive.
Electrical
System
Command
Signal
Power
Converter
Control
PM
AM
Mechanical
System
Sensors
566 PERMANENT-MAGNET ACMOTOR DRIVES
...
... approaches have been suggested.
Assume that a controller K(s) has been designed for a plant with a model
G(s), and denote a reduced-order controller by K
r
(s). The configuration with
K(s) replaced ... classical feedback diagram which so often opened control
engineering courses was replaced by a less intuitively obvious diagram. Also it
1.3 Coprime Factorisation and Stabilising Controllers ... an unstable system. Feedback control techniques may reduce the influence
generated by uncertainties and achieve desirable performance. However, an
inadequate feedback controller may lead to an...
... positioned across the body with a neutral
position in line with the sternum. During movements in
this workspace subjects spent at least 17% of each move-
ment with medium levels of EMG activity. ... citation purposes)
ences in accuracy across low and control/ high functioning
subjects on a continuous tracking task, as well as move-
ment speed metric for target acquisition task. Low-
medium ... separately with the UniTherapy software. Stroke subjects with
hemiparesis and able-bodied subjects completed tracking activities with the devices in different
positions. We quantify motor performance across...
... be initialized, per-
haps with a high impedance controller to constrain errors.
Stability of the coupled human-robot system
With the control law of the robot and the motor adapta-
tion dynamics ... Guide device during reaching
exercise with an error-based learning law in which the
error was the difference between the actual reaching veloc-
ity and a desired, normative reaching velocity [29]. ... the patient's interaction
forces with the Lokomat [19]. The main conceptual
advantage of the current approach compared to these pre-
vious approaches is that the controller developed here...
... call
Algorithm 2: Proposed CAC policy.
3.2. Proposed CAC Scheme. Proposed CAC scheme handles
the nonprioritized and prioritized calls separately. Firstly,
when the proposed CAC scheme admits both traffictypesof
calls ... distributed
with mean 1/μ
f
n
1
. The channel occupancy time μ
−1
1
also is
exponentially distributed with means 1/(μ
dr
1
+ μ
r
1
).
3. Call Admission Scheme
Proposed CAC policy uses (CS) access ... probability.
In the literature, CAC has been studied widely and several
CAC schemes were proposed [4–12]. Priority-based CAC
schemes have also been proposed to provide the handoff
calls with lower dropping...
... line traces of the calibration grating with the step height equal to
25 nm. At a constant speed of 30 àm/s (a), with a dynamic control (b), and with a
dynamic control and at a variable speed ... As a result, the speed of a closed-loop control system (that is,
without loss of surface) is determined by the time constant
0 0
i
G K
τ
. Feedback speed,
the speed of the actuator, is limited ...
control [1, 2].
Let us find the maximum scan speed without loss of surface. The transient response of
the loop control to a capacitive displacement sensor output (if the high-frequency pole...
... 2.7
Remark 2.5. The control ukLkxk is a feedback control of the system.
Definition 2.6. System 1.1 is said to be globally exponentially stabilizable at x 0 by means
of the feedback law 2.1 ... feedback stability for non-linear uncertain
control systems,” International Journal of Control, vol. 74, no. 6, pp. 547–551, 2001.
9 F. Alabau and V. Komornik, “Boundary observability, controllability, ... Banach Spaces,American
Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, USA, 1971.
26 L. Berezansky and E. Braverman, “Exponential stability of difference equations with several delays:
recursive approach,”...
... constant and L and G are functions with continuous first and second partial
derivatives with respect to all of their arguments.
The necessary conditions for this q-optimal control are
∇
q
λ
qx
q
−α
0
∇
q
∂L
∂∇
q
y
q
α
0
1
x
q
−α
0
x
... derivative
approach is followed.
Acknowledgment
This work is partially supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey.
References
1 J. F. Rosenblueth, “Systems with time delay ... variational approach,” IMA
Journal of Mathematical Control and Information, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 125–145, 1988.
2 L. C. Young, Lectures on the Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control Theory,...
... medi-
CMOS
sensor
Sensor
board
FPGA
board
Interface
board
FPGA
USB
interface
PC
Control
100 bits
Control
8bits
EEPROM
prog.
FPGA
Figure 4: High -speed camera system principle.
Lossy compression
15 ... approach is well adapted to the context of real-
time high -speed image compression.
Likewise, in order to implement real-time marker extrac-
tion algorithms which are compatible with high -speed ... present the full high -speed smart
camera architecture, and in particular the interface choice
dedicated to high -speed video data transfer.
2.1. Image acquisition using a high -speed
CMOS sensor
Nowadays,...