a two layered load and frequency controller of a power system

... Billinton and Allan ( ) that a three-state (UP, DOWN and one DERATED W N W Figure Three-state generating unit model Adequacy Assessment at Hierarchical Level I Generating capacity adequacy evaluation ... frequency and duration analysis The additional parameters required for such an analysis are the transition rates associated with the appropriate generating unit model The ERIS data base contains all ... Probabilistic Approach", Transactions PWRS-1, No 4, pp 171-178 - 12 Billinton, R., Debnath, K., Oprisan, M and Clark, I M., April 1990, "The Canadian National Data Base for Reliability Evaluation and Assessment",...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:36

... one of the salient features of this study Results of RTDS are compared with Laboratory standard power system software PSCAD/EMTDC and the features of using RTDS in dynamic characteristics analyses ... Hany M Hasanien Electrical Engineering Department King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Chapter Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Wind Farm Integrated with STATCOM Using RTDS Adnan Sattar, ... used to analyze the graphical results and also to prepare it in report ready format Several functions are available e.g., Fourier analysis and Total Harmonic Distortion computation Figure and shows...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... irreversibilities of heat resistance, internal friction and bypass heat leakage, and studied the optimal ecological performances of the quantum heat engines Besides performance of harmonic and spin-1/2 quantum ... (67) and (68), for given S1 and S , one can drive the maximum cooling load and corresponding COP of the irreversible quantum Carnot refrigerator with heat resistance and heat leakage analytically ... performance of laser cryocoolers Palao and Kosloff [41] established a there-level molecular cooling cycle model and obtained the dependence of the maximum attainable cooling load on temperature at...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... from the hexagonal model and the inradius circular approach were similar The dependence of the capacity of a WCDMA network on cells sectorization and BS antenna radiation pattern has also been ... Pettersen, and A Spilling, “An evaluation a of adaptive arrays for a UMTS FDD network deployed in a suburban area of Norway,” in Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor ... Liang, and C.-C Ko, “Capacity of multirate multicell CDMA wireless local loop system with narrowbeam antenna and SINR based power control,” International Journal of Wireless Information Networks,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... concentric bands on a comparatively dark background (figs 4A, B) These bands were paratracheal axial parenchyma of the confluent type In general, band spacing varied gradually, increasing and decreasing ... also have had repercussions on wood formation, especially the lack of rainfall, as in the wood of Carya glabra where the spacing of tangential parenchyma bands is related to the rate of rainfall ... occurrence of parenchyma bands In this area, parenchyma cells changed from a radially flattened type to a radially dilated type - more precisely from a rather narrow area to a wider area in cross...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:22

... mean diameter of axes was measured with a calliper rule: main stems at cm above and below each tier, and different branches at the base a tape A complete set of data was collected for each of the ... described, ie the appearance of axillary shoots and dynamics of branching, as well as radial growth of both main stems and branches In addition, one occurrence of main stem reiteration is described ... favorable À la fin de la grande saison sèche, il n a pas pu être observé de façon aussi manifeste, puisque la croissance caulinaire pouvait être arrêtée pendant ou semaines et que la croissance...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:22

... right hand and left hand Discussion Figure a Standard Division of foot area a Standard Division of foot area b Division of foot area for our study As expected, the TPD of DM subjects is always higher ... affecting tactile spatial acuity Journal Somatosensory and Motor Research 1998, 15(1):29-45 Patil KM, Babu M, Oommen PK, Malaviya GN: On-line system of measurement and analysis of standing and walking ... Urbancic-Rovan V, Stefanovska A, Bernjak A, Katja Azman-Juvan, Andreja Kocijancic: Skin blood flow in the upper and lower extremities of diabetic patients with and without autonomic neuropathy...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... ± standard error of the mean Statistical comparison of data over time was conducted by a twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurements, followed by Scheffe's multiple comparisons ... the analysis of variance resulted in p value < 0.05 (Statistica, Statsoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA) Correlations between FRC, static compliance, and PaO2 were evaluated by a Pearson's linear correlation ... (ARDS) after oleic acid injection During ARDS, inspiratory plateau airway pressure was significantly increased at a PEEP of 20 and 15 cm H2O (p < 0.05) Maximal oxygenation was obtained at a PEEP of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... Hernandez, A. , Feliu, V.: Some approximations of fractional order operators in control theory and applications Fractional Calculus & Applied Analysis 3, 945950 (2000) Appendix A: Sigma-Delta Modulation ... particular case, the variable y fractionally dierentially parameterizes the inputs of the system This means that the average input av as well as the average switch position function, uav , can be ... written as linear functions of y and of a nite number of its fractional derivatives Indeed, from the system equations we have: () y + ay , b y () + ay = b av = uav The output variable y may be addressed...

Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2015, 09:18

... shunt capacitors at weak buses But with FACTS devices both the active and reactive power flow pattern can be changed and significant system performance is noticed The optimal allocation of FACTS ... BITS,Pilani for nearly one year He had also worked in reputed Cable Industry as Assistant Engineer (Test) for two and half years He has published number of research paper in the area of Power System ... Fig Variation of Total Cost with Generation for 130% Reactive loading Fig Variation of Total Cost with Generation for 200 % Reactive loading VI CONCLUSION In this approach, GA based optimal placement...

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2016, 02:38

... the system is above 22.8 Ah, the system is reliable, though the capacity of a battery is lower than 5700 mAh Suppose the capacity of the first branch is 5600 mAh and the capacity of other branches ... framework to practical predictive maintenance modeling for multi-state systems’’ by Tan C.M and Raghavan N [Reliab Eng Syst Saf 2008; 93(8): 1138–50],” Reliability Engineering and System Safety, ... V RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE POWER SYSTEM The reliability of the power system is analyzed using the multi-state system theory According to (2), the universal generating function of the battery...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:38

... voltage magnitude and phase angle, generation and load at each bus in megawatts and megavars, flow of real and reactive powers on each transmission line, etc Power flow analysis is essential in ... i=l SAPC/D (System Average Curtailment / Disturbance) In a practical electric power system, there are a lot of load points and each load point has a EUE= vv LdeF load curtailment at bus i due ... Generally the load at each bus can be classified into two categories, namely, firm load and curtailable load The proposed rule of load curtailment is to interrupt the curtailable load first, and then...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:39

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 10:21

... that an English interface to a database was run3.1 Preliminary analysis and filtering ning on the machine and that the database contained information about paintings by Van Gogh and other artists ... applications such as spreadsheets or graphics packages Of the remainder, had some experience with using databases and one of these had participated in the design a database None of them was familiar ... Matthias Jarke, Jon A Turner, Edward A Stohr, Yannis Vassiliou, Norman H White, and Ken Michielsen A [Tho80] field evaluation of natural language for data retrieval IEEE Transactions on Software...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 00:20

... sudden large load changes and the small random fluctuations in load demands The configuration of power networks usually remains unchanged after load disturbances To protect power systems from damage ... individual components (Price et al., 1988) Load composition data, load mixture data, and the dynamic behavior of each individual load component of a particular load bus are considered For a large ... outage or as multiple simultaneous outages when taking relay actions into account Load variations are variations in load demands at buses and/ or power transfers among buses The network configuration...

Ngày tải lên: 30/05/2014, 23:38

... number of real-world functional tasks [56] ADAPT can accommodate an expanding number of such tasks, and it allows the implementation of performance-based adaptive task scheduling and task difficulty ... Experimental Procedures Participants sat on a chair in front of ADAPT and were instructed, at each trial, to reach and manipulate a functional task tool, which was selected by the adaptive scheduler and ... practice of functional tasks, has been shown to be as effective as standard constraint-induced (CI) therapy [42,43] AutoCite’s hardware and software is capable of automatic task selection and difficulty...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... B1 and C2 scenarios increases the MSE of the estimated SPO and CFO approximately by a factor of 1.5 An increase of the velocity by m/s in A1 scenario increases the MSE of the estimated SPO and ... reception of the synchronisation symbol The comparison of the accuracy of the algorithm with and without averaging is illustrated in Figure The averaging decreases the MSE approximately by a factor of ... sampling period, ζ is the damping factor, and fn is the natural frequency of the loop In order to guarantee the stability of the loop, the damping factor ζ and the natural frequency fn must satisfy...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... design of the study and acquisition of data RH/ATB study design, analysis of data and results, and finally in the writing of the manuscript All authors have read and approved the final version of ... 59(3):323-328 Aoyama H, Shirato H, Onimaru R, Kagei K, Ikeda J, Ishii N, Sawamura Y, Miyasaka K: Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy alone without whole-brain irradiation for patients with solitary ... value Finally, in the Z-axis, cranio-caudal, deviation caudally towards the skull base was assigned a positive value and deviation in the cranial direction was assigned a negative value Results...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:22

... technological change The first type, capacity-expanding technological change, increases the output of a given capital stock and organization An example of the capacity-expanding type of change is ... generally, and also in commercial real estate and LBO markets As Sahlman and Stevenson have also suggested, something more than “investment mania” and excessive “animal spirits” was at work here Stated ... Wealth,” Journal of Law and Economics 27, 367–401 David and Diane Denis, 1993, “Managerial Discretion, Organizational Structure, and Corporate Performance: A Study of Leveraged Recapitalizations,”...

Ngày tải lên: 02/01/2015, 17:33

... and management of distributed power systems The energy management system mainly handles the control and management of any power system Forecasting of electrical load and heat demand and power ... Operator xix JADE Java Agent Development JNI Java Native Interface LC Local Controller /Load Controller LMP Locational Marginal Price LP Linear Programming LR Lagrangian Relaxation LREA Lagrangian ... the main characteristics of a smart grid and a traditional grid Table 1.1 Comparison of a smart grid and a traditional grid Characteristics Smart Grid Traditional Power Gird Integrating Many distributed...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 17:53