a machine learning approach to conjoint analysis

... 20) same agr same agreement of anaphor and antecedent? same gramrole same grammatical role of anaphor and antecedent? same semclass* same semantic class of anaphor and antecedent? Table 1: Features ... pronoun ana npform NP form of the anaphor ana gramrole grammatical role of the anaphor ana agr agreement of the anaphor ana semclass* semantic class of the anaphor ante npform NP form of the antecedent ante ... science, arts and entertainment, and travel. 4.2 The MMAX Annotation Tool The manual annotation of the training data was done with the MMAX (Multi-Modal Annotation in XML) annotation tool (Măuller and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... embedding in a sentence 6. ana gram func grammatical function of anaphor 7. ana npform form of anaphor 8. ana agree person, gender, number 9. ana case grammatical case of anaphor 10. ana s depth ... 17(1):51–89. Ihaka, Ross & Robert Gentleman (1996). R: A language for data analysis and graphics. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 5:299–314. Kohavi, Ron & George H. ... top to bottom. If the list contained an NP-markable at the current posi- tion and if this markable was not an indefinite noun phrase, it was considered a potential anaphor. In that case, pairs...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... systems to which we can compare them. We take this level of success as an indication of the feasibility of our data-driven, modular approach. Additionally, our approach has the advantage of wide ... contribute to a natural language understanding or machine translation application. Since WH dependencies also tend to distort the surface subcategorization properties of verbs, identifying gaps could also ... been dealt with as part of the syntax (but cf. Kuno, Takami & Wu (1999) for an alterna- tive approach) . Early generative treatments used a WH-movement transformation (McCawley, 1998) to describe...

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... speculate, the supervised learning may have favorably worked to cause the same effect as automatic feature selection technique. Features with high discriminative power may have been automat- ically ... proposed a novel approach to au- tomatic synonym identification based on supervised machine learning and distributional features. For this purpose, we re-formalized synonym acquisition as a classification ... machine learning. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatic synonym identification based on super- vised learning technique. Firstly, we re-formalize synonym acquisition as a classification...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... possible to give a syntactic definition of a speech act, how can the notion of speech acts be integrated into a formal, and in particular, a computational analysis of discou~? The natural alternative ... among rural Japanese cannot be attributed to facts of the Japanese language. What we could say, given the approach here. is that the set of situation-types which is the cnd-stata of NEGOTIATE ... situation-type so that the guy at the door now has the property both of having been told by the 114 A SITUATION SEMANTICS APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACTS 1 David Andreoff Evans Stanford...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:21

... overall performance. The base classifiers can be expected to become more informative as more data are provided. We followed the structural learning approach (Ando and Zhang, 2005), which trains ... the training instances that do not have any errors to alleviate data imbalance in the training set. We emphasize the fact that the two learner corpora differ from each other in three aspects. ... researchers to utilize native corpora rather than GE tagged learner corpora for the GEC task. The native corpus approach consists of learning a model that predicts the correct form of an article...

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Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with a Carb- oPac PA-1 column on a Dionex (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) T. Na ă gele et al. Systems biology of cold acclimation in A. thaliana FEBS Journal ... 3 software. Gas exchange measurement Exchange rates of CO 2 were measured with an infrared gas analysis system (Uras 3 G; Hartmann & Braun AG, Frank- furt am Main, Germany). A whole-rosette ... Whereas many tropical and subtropical species have only limited capacities to cope with low temperature, plants from temperate climates, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, grow at low temperature and can...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... integrated into a phrase- based decoder serving as additional distortion fea- tures. We evaluated our approach on large-scale Japanese-English and English-Japanese machine translation tasks, and ... source lan- guage based on both lexical and syntactical features. We evaluated our approach on large- scale Japanese-English and English-Japanese machine translation tasks, and show that it can significantly ... Translation: Syntactically Informed Phrasal SMT. In Proc. ACL, pages 271-279. A. Ramanathan, Pushpak Bhattacharyya, Jayprasad Hegde, Ritesh M. Shah and Sasikumar M. 2008. Simple syntactic and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... for instance, in fact is labelled as a prepositio'~aT-~rase rather than as an adverbial phrase. No attempt is made to show any paraphrase relationships. Putative deleted or transposed ... previously opened adjective phrase and continue an already opened noun phrase or 161 A PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF WRITT!N ENGLISH BY COMPUTER. Andrew David Beale, Unit ... prel~minary stage in developing computer programs and data files for providing a grammatical analysis of -n~estricted English text. From 1981-83, a suite of PASCAL programs was devised to automatically...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 09:20

... trace Interaction rules Analysis database Logic Engine Figure 2.1: Analysis framework 2.2 Analysis framework The MulVAL core analysis fra mework is shown in Figure 2.1. An analysis database is a collection ... constants In Datalog, a term is either a constant or a variable. Datalog is an untyped language, so a predicate can be applied to arbitrary terms. However, to make a Datalog sentence meaningful, ... applied to any vulnerability that matches the pattern. An underscore-led variable such as AttackSrc is an anonymous variable in Datalog — one that appears only once in a clause, and thus whose value...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... 1998. Machine trans- lation with a stochastic grammatical channel. In Proceedings of ACL’98, pages 1408–1414, Mon- treal, Canada. Kenji Yamada and Kevin Knight. 2001. A syntax- based statistical ... Global Age. John Benjamins Publishers. Tony Veale and Andy Way. 1997. Gaijin: A template-based bootstrapping approach to example- based machine translation. In Proceedings of “New Methods in Natural ... how one can use an ex- isting statistical translation model (Brown et al., 1993) in order to automatically derive a statistical TMEM. Second, we adapt a decoding algorithm so that it can exploit...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 07:20

... anode potential was 10 V. Both end-plate potentials of the ion trap were set at 1.5 V and the duration of the electron pulse was 100 ms. Data acquisition and handling Primary data analysis was ... Commun. Mass Spectrom. 16, 993–998. 16. Tanaka, Y., Sato, I., Iwai, C., Kosaka, T., Ikeda, T. & Nakamura, T. (2001) Identification of human liver diacetyl reductases by nano-liquid chromatography/Fourier ... were fed a standard pellet diet and tap water ad libitum. Appropriate measures were taken to minimize pain and discomfort for the mice, which were maintained in accordance with the National Institutes...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... in language learning. Machine Learning, Special issue on Natural Language Learning, 34:11–41. W. Daelemans, J. Zavrel, K. Van der Sloot, and A. Van den Bosch. 2007. TiMBL: Tilburg memory based learner, ... has been argued that memory-based learning is at an advantage in solving these highly disjunctive learn- ing problems compared to more eager learning that abstract from the examples, as the latter ... information available in the training corpus and modelling the task applying an approach similar to the one that has been applied to tasks like semantic role labeling (Morante et al., 2008) or negation scope...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... Empirical Methods in Natural Language Process- ing (EMNLP). Masaaki Nagata, Kuniko Saito, Kazuhide Yamamoto, and Kazuteru Ohashi. 2006. A clustered global phrase reordering model for statistical machine ... and Ashish Venugopal. 2006. Syntax augmented machine translation via chart parsing. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, HLT/NAACL. Andreas Zollmann and Stephan Vogel. ... of morphologically similar words into the same class. 3 Ashish Venugopal and Andreas Zollmann. 2009. Gram- mar based statistical MT on Hadoop: An end -to- end toolkit for large scale PSCFG based MT. The Prague Bulletin...

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