a logic grammar formalism
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "STRING-TREE CORRESPONDENCE GRAMMAR: A DECLARATIVE GRAMMAR FORMALISM FOR DEFINING THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN STRINGS OF TERMS AND TREE STRUCTURES" pdf
... transla- tion of natural languages, COLGATE Universit~ New York, August 1985. [Zaharin 86] Zaharin Y. "Strategies and heuristics in the analysis of a natural language in machine translation". ... correspondence. The example is taken from [Pullum 84] where he called for a 'simple' grammar which can analyse/ generate the non-context free sublanguage of the African language Bambara given ... quite a simple process to transfer applications in the Static Grammar into STCG applications. Like the Static Grammar, the STCG is basically a formalism for specification, but given its formal...
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Cambridge.University.Press.A.Student.Grammar.of.Spanish.Feb.2006.pdf
... bed la lima filela crema (M)cream la trama plotla estratagema stratagem la yema yolk, fingertipla forma form-dadla agilidad agility la severidad severityla ansiedad anxiety la sociedad societyla ... are masculine:el carisma, cisma (schism),clima, cometa (comet), delta, d´ a (day), emblema, mapa, planeta,problema, tranv´ a (streetcar / tram).In all these cases, save d´ a, mapa, and tranv´ a, ... same, one is always lost in rapid speech: la ayuda =l’ayuda, para agradecerle = par’agradecerle. Note the very common, colloquial Mexicanexpression for many: hasta pa’aventar pa’arriba (hasta...
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A Student Grammar of Spanish - Number
... alicate pliers*la braga panties, knickers*la escalera stairsla estad´ıstica statistics*la gente people*la malla tights*el pantal´on pants, trousersel pijama / la piyama (M) pajamas*la pinza ... edificioEl ´arbol est´aenelparque La hoz est´aenlamonta˜naEl gato est a cerca de (near) la puerta La naci´on est a contentaEl l´apiz est´aenlamesa La ni ˜na est a felizLa flor est´aenelflorero La tribu ... siguienteCaminar (M)/andar hasta CorreosNo manejar un carro (M)/conducir un coche(Yo) entrar en la cocina y abrir la ventanaRegresar a casaEscribir una carta en la mesaLos amigos vivir en Estados...
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Tài liệu A Student Grammar of French pptx
... straightforward and vibrant like vocabulary, especially when the latter tendstowards the informal and slang. The mortar of language (grammar) is never so interestingas the bricks (vocabulary). ... a means of making sure that we have assimilated the grammatical points beingillustrated.This Student Grammar of French is aimed at meeting all those needs. It is conceived in such a way that ... others. This grammar book takes as itsbasis the variety of French that oscillates between standard French – the French used fornews broadcasts and in good-quality newspapers and magazines – and the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Logic-based Semantic Approach to Recognizing Textual Entailment" ppt
... Tatu and Dan MoldovanLanguage Computer CorporationRichardson, Texas, 75080United States of Americamarta,moldovan@languagecomputer.comAbstractThis paper proposes a knowledge repre-sentation ... Salvo Braz, R. Girju, V. Punyakanok, D. Roth,and M. Sammons. 2005. An Inference Model forSemantic Entailment in Natural Language. In Pro-ceedings of AAAI-2005.S. Harabagiu and D. Moldovan. ... the car in thegarage LOCATION SR(John,garage).John is near the car behind the garageLOCATION SR(John,garage)).6 Temporal AxiomsOne of the types of temporal axioms that we loadin our logic...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Translating a Unification Grammar with Disjunctions into Logical Constraints" pdf
... Translating a Unification Grammar with Disjunctions into Logical Constraints Mikio Nakano and Akira Shimazu* NTT Basic Research Laboratories 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi 243-0198 Japan ... unification-based approach is that it enables us to describe grammar declaratively, making the development and amendment of grammar easy. Analysis systems that are based on unification gram- mars can ... presented a method for translating a grammar formalism with disjunctive information that is based on path equations and lists of pairs of labels and values into logical-constraint-based grammar representations,...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES FROM A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE" doc
... make database languages more like natural language. However Prolog is much more general than relational database formalisms, in that it permits data to be defined by general rules having ... "top-down" approach, as reallsed in the language Prolog, has a great deal in common with the relational approach to databases, which can be seen as the result of a "bottom-up" effort to make ... ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES FROM A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE David H D Warren Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA I INTRODUCTION...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Logic for Semantic" pdf
... concentrating all knowledge about all of an object's names as facts about the best name. Frail will take as input a simple frame representation and translate it into predicate-calculus ... relative clauses. P~t~erences [1] F. Pereira & D. Warren, "Definite clause grammar for language analysis - a survey of the formalism and a comparison with augmented transition networks," ... Charniak, " ;A neat theory of marker passing," AAAI-86 (1986). [4] Henry Kautz & James Allen, "Generalized plan recog- nition," AAAI-86 (1986). [5] Jerry R. Hobbs &...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Expressing generalizations in unification-based grammar formalisms" docx
... the grammar. The grammatical framework in which these ideas have been implemented is Uaificatioa Cat- egorial Grammar (UCG) and its semantic repre- sentation language InL, both developed as ... unification-based grammars has several advan- tages (cf. also Calder et al 1986, Calder 1987). To begin with, the use of data typing allows one to show whether a grammar is consistent with a ... An Information-Based Approach to Syntaz and Se- mantics. Volume 1: Fundamentals. Stanford, Ca.: Center for the Study of Language and Informa- tion. Pollard, C. and Sag, I. A. [1988] An...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Using an Annotated Corpus as a Stochastic Grammar" ppt
... ~ A may be 40 M. Marcus, 1991. "Very Large Annotated Database of America~ English". DARPA Speech and Naawal Language Workshop, ~ Grove, Morgan Kaufmarm. F. Pereira and Y. Schabes, ... Reestimation from Partially Bracketed Corlmra', Proceedings ACY., 92, Newark. P. Resnik, 1992. "Probabilistic Tree-Adjoining Grammar as a Framework for Statistical Natural Language ... the Air Travel Information System (ATIS) spoken language corpus. Preliminary experiments yield 96% test set parsing accuracy. 1 Motivation As soon as a formal grammar characterizes a non-...
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A logic-programming approach to network security analysis potx
... constantsIn Datalog, a term is either a constant or a variable. Datalog is an untyped language,so a predicate can be applied to arbitrary terms. However, to make a Datalog sentencemeaningful, ... traceInteraction rulesAnalysis database Logic EngineFigure 2.1: Analysis framework2.2 Analysis frameworkThe MulVAL core analysis fra mework is shown in Figure 2.1. An analysis database is a collection ... vulnerability that matches thepattern. An underscore-led variable such as AttackSrc is an anonymous variable inDatalog — one that appears only once in a clause, and thus whose value do es notmatter....
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Evaluating a Crosslinguistic Grammar Resource: A Case Study of Wambaya" pot
... the Grammar Matrix as a crosslinguistic resource,as one goal of the Grammar Matrix is to reduce thecost of developing precision grammars. The factthat a grammar capable of assigning valid analy-ses ... that have not yet been analyzed (cf. Bald-win et al, 2005).5 ConclusionThis paper has presented a precision, hand-built grammar for the Australian language Wambaya, andthrough that grammar ... Wambaya, illustrating its semantic represen-tations and analyses and measuring its performanceagainst held-out data. I hope to have shown the grammar to be reasonably substantial, and thus aninteresting...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Automatic Induction of a CCG Grammar for Turkish" pptx
... emphasize that the predicate is intransitive and itmay have a locative adjunct. Similarly, a T.OBJECTlink is added from “kitap” to “okudu˘gum”. Similarlabels were added to the treebank manually ... for ap-proximately 800 sentences.(9) a. Uyudu˘gum araba yandı.Sleep+PASTPART car burn+PAST.The car I slept in burned.b. Okudu˘gum kitap yandı.Read+PASTPART book burn+PAST.The book I read ... categorial and phrase structure grammars. InLanguage and Information ed. Bar-Hillel, Addison-Wesley, pages 99–115.Yehoshua Bar-Hillel. 1953. A quasi-arithmetic descrip-tion for syntactic description....
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Báo cáo khoa học: "The Semantics of Grammar Formalisms Seen as Computer Languages" docx
... backtrack implementation [22]. Rigorous definitions of grammar formalisms can and should be made available. Looking at grammar formalisms as just a special case of computer languages, we can ... obvious superfi- cial similarily between designing a grammar formalism and designing a programming language, the design techniques used for grammar formalisms have almost always fallen short with ... purpose contain an operation of feature generalization, not available in those grammar formalisms, that can be used to give a partial account of the effect of coordination on syntactic features....
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- it combiens a strong grammar syllabus with the specialist vocabulary and skills that learnes need the succees in their chosen field
- advanced english c a e grammar practice 2
- stringtree correspondence grammar a declarative grammar formalism
- a logic of semantic representations
- a logic for semantic
- a logic programming perspective
- evaluating a crosslinguistic grammar resource
- a broadcoverage grammar checker
- a semantics for a logic of authentication
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