...
Colloquial
English
The Colloquial Series
Series Adviser: Gareth King
The following languages are available in the Colloquial series:
*Afrikaans
*Albanian
*Amharic
Arabic (Levantine)
*Arabic of ... Serbian
*Czech
*Danish
*Dutch
*English
*Estonian
*Finnish
*French
*German
*Greek
Gujarati
*Hebrew
*Hindi
*Hungarian
*Icelandic
*Indonesian
Italian
*Japanese
*Korean
*Latvian
*Lithuanian
*Malay
*Mongolian
*Norwegian
Panjabi
*Persian
*Polish
*Portuguese
*Portuguese of Brazil
*Romanian
*Russian
*Scottish ... Egypt
Arabic of the Gulf and
Saudi Arabia
Basque
*Breton
Bulgarian
*Cambodian
*Cantonese
*Chinese
*Croatian and Serbian
*Czech
*Danish
*Dutch
*English
*Estonian
*Finnish
*French
*German
*Greek
Gujarati
*Hebrew
*Hindi
*Hungarian
*Icelandic
*Indonesian
Italian
*Japanese
*Korean
*Latvian
*Lithuanian
*Malay
*Mongolian
*Norwegian
Panjabi
*Persian
*Polish
*Portuguese
*Portuguese...
... there are a number of compre-
hensive and reliable works readily available on the TEFL market,
and at a reasonable price.
I have made sparing use of the IPA phonetic alphabet (and in a
broad rather ... them.
regular verb – a verb that forms its past simple tense by adding -ed.
relative clause – a clause that adds information about the main
clause in a complex sentence: The man we saw yesterday
is ... fellows.
For a start, it is written in the target language, and an assump-
tion of prior knowledge of the language must therefore be made.
Nonetheless, I have tried to keep explanations simple and succinct,
allowing...
... like vanilla ice cream?
A
DRIAN
: Yes.
G
ERRY
: What about strawberry?
A
DRIAN
: Yes.
G
ERRY
: What about chocolate?
A
DRIAN
: Yes.
G
ERRY
: What about lemon?
A
DRIAN
: No.
G
ERRY
: And what about ... Then he wants to ask
the same about other people – he says What about Gerry and Adrian?
and What about Justine?. We use What about . . .? to indicate that
we’re asking the same question as before. ... what’s her
name?
S
HAMIRA
: That’s Helen. And the man sitting with her . . .
K
ATH
: I know his name – that’s Adrian, isn’t it?
S
HAMIRA
: Yes – he’s our boss.
Language point 6 – possessive adjectives
Between...
... – Really?
Norman’s bought another horse – Really?
Chocolate is an aphrodysiac – Really?
More than a billion people speak Chinese – Really?
Stuart adds Like me! to say that what Rosemary has just ... you?
R
OSEMARY
: I teach in a primary school.
Language point 9 – a /‘an’ and ‘the’
In Dialogue 9, Rosemary says I teach in a primary school – she uses
the
INDEFINITE ARTICLE
with the noun because ... Lisa – ______
We use the
DEFINITE ARTICLE
the when talking about something that
has already been mentioned, or that we know about anyway:
James is taking a
taxi to the airport
Tom works in an
office...
... ______
a place an owner a time a person
a choice a thing
a reason a way/method
Language point 16 – mine and
yours
In Dialogue 7, Fred says That’s mine, meaning That’s my latte.
Look at these ... common
WEAK PRONUNCIATION
otherwise.
Here are some that we have had already – if you have the cassettes/
CDs, listen again to the Dialogues we have had so far and see if you
can hear the weak pronunciations.
Full ... [–]
Stephen speak Russian play the piano
James drink coffee speak Russian
Oliver wear glasses drink coffee
Jenny play the piano wear glasses
Language point 14 – forms of the verb
There are five main forms...
... Language point 20 – phrasal verbs
A
PHRASAL VERB
is a
VERB
+
ADVERB
which together have a special
meaning. For example, carry on in Dialogue 4 means continue – it
has nothing to do with carry.
Phrasal ... important thing about phrasal verbs is that they
often (though not always) have a meaning that is different from the
separate meanings of the verb and adverb. For example, turn up
means arrive ... give let find make
and the
ADVERBS
that go with them to make phrasal verbs are
usually adverbs of place or motion:
about away in over
across back off through
along by on under
around down out...
... eggs
2 ____ teabags 12 ____ newspaper
3 ____ loaf of bread 13 ____ melon
50
Language point 24 – ‘did’ auxiliary
We have already seen do as an
AUXILIARY
in the present simple
(Language point 12):
Do
you ... places where you can sit down and eat a meal
pub – place where you can sit and drink alcoholic drinks and eat food
railway station – place where trains stop
could do with – need
46
A
SSISTANT
: ... is always countable! Another word for tin is can, which is used in the UK
particularly for drinks. For an explanation of uncountable and countable nouns,
see Language point 23 below.
Language...
... sorry about that. You were right, and I was
wrong.
56
Dialogue 5
Su is at the supermarket checkout, where the checkout assistant asks
her if she has a card.
C/
ASSISTANT
: Have you got a MegaSave ... sentences all use have got to talk about possession – change
them as indicated. The first two are done for you.
1 Dave’s got a new car. [?] Has Dave got a new car?
2 You haven’t got a phone. [?] Have ... has already been mentioned, we can use
one to refer to it again:
Fred had a coffee
, and I had one too
I need a pencil
– have you got one?
I’ll have a beer – what about you? – I’ll have one
as...
... we can end up
at the Indian for a late dinner?
M
IKE
: Great idea. They can try out Indian food, and we can
get a taxi back home.
S
ANDRA
: I’ll go and ask them what they think.
Dialogue 4
Andy ... Shall we (buy/buying) an ice cream?
4 How about (take/taking) a walk in the park?
5 Shall we (catch/catching) a bus into town?
6 How about (meet/meeting) James and Terry for a drink?
7 How about ...
Later, Andy, Bob and Nina arrive at the cinema. There’s a huge
queue!
B
OB
: Look! The place is going to be packed out!
A
NDY
: What shall we do? Wait and see if we get in, or give
up and come another...
... the
shop.
Glossary
eating out – going to a restaurant and eating there
takeaway – a meal bought at a restaurant and taken home to eat; also
means the shop
option – choice
chips – potatoes cut up and cooked ... to Indian cuisine
it’s probably better, and more fun, to decide on what to have once
you have arrived at the restaurant. This way, you can ask the
restaurant staff about different dishes as you ... in advance, as the food takes only a minute
or two to arrive. Pizzas and kebabs take a little longer – order by
phone about fifteen minutes ahead if you don’t want to wait at the
shop.
Glossary
eating...
... newsagent asks Damian Are you prepared to work
on Sundays? – meaning ‘every Sunday’. If he had said Are you
prepared to work on Sunday? this would have meant only the
following Sunday.
• Finally, ... number?
C
YNTHIA
: Yes, he has.
S
ECRETARY
: Fine – I’ll make sure he calls you as soon as he gets
out of the meeting.
C
YNTHIA
: Thanks.
Language point 37 – ‘as soon as’
In Dialogue 3 the secretary says ... I
order us a pizza? = ‘Shall I order us a pizza?’
Although they look like questions and have a question mark (?) at
the end, these phrases don’t need a specific answer – if you want to
agree to...
... early?
D
AMIAN
: Oh yes.
N
EWSAGENT
: Good. And are you afraid of the dark?
D
AMIAN
: Not at all.
N
EWSAGENT
: Excellent. Are you used to riding a bike?
D
AMIAN
: I ride my bike all the time.
N
EWSAGENT
: ... Good. And are you prepared to work on Sundays as
well?
2
D
AMIAN
: Of course. I need the money.
N
EWSAGENT
: Fine. And one final question: are you good with
animals?
D
AMIAN
: Good with animals? ... more informa-
tion about this and other holidays.
Language point 41 – present for future
James asks Henry:
What are you doing
over the Bank Holiday?
He uses the
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
(Language point...
... (a thing) or lead (a person) towards
the speaker
go means: move away from the speaker
take means: carry (a thing) or lead (a person) away from
the speaker
In Dialogue 5, Su says to Neil:
Why ... SIMPLE
.
In the same way, present tense questions and negatives are
different for actions and states:
action Is Harry looking for a newspaper?
state Does Harry want a newspaper?
action Harry isn’t ... money back.
K
ELLY
: I hope so!
Language point 45 – state verbs
Most verbs in English are
ACTION VERBS
– they describe an action
that lasts a short period of time and has a beginning and an end.
Here...
... main meaning of can is be able to:
Can
you swim? =Are
you able to swim?
I can
speak English. = I am able to speak English.
Dave can
ride a bike. = Dave is able to ride a bike.
Note that:
1 can ... surprising that
we have a lot of weather words. Rain can come as showers, drizzle
or a downpour, for example; and snow can appear as flurries or a
blizzard or in drifts (and don’t forget hail and sleet!). ... outlying
small islands that belong to them
variety – different kinds
constantly – all the time, again and again
meteorological conditions – types of weather
changeable – likely to change a lot
dramatic...
... two games that have a special place in their hearts. Football is
regarded as the national game, at least in England and Scotland,
and is played at all levels, both professionally and among amateurs,
every ... which case you probably won’t need to ask!
England (along with other English- speaking countries and
members of the Commonwealth, such as Australia, New Zealand,
South Africa, India, Pakistan and ... to stay in? I don’t mind
ordering a pizza for us. Besides, Maria’s parties are
usually pretty useless, aren’t they?
J
USTINE
: True.
Language point 49 – more about state
verbs
In Language point...