a’methodological framework for the study of animal consciousness

... consequences for the comparison of the results of this study with the others Jacobsen et al (2006) acknowledged this in the first paragraph of their paper when referring to the other set of studies: ... none of these studies aimed at identifying the network of aesthetic judgment per se” (Jacobsen et al., 2006, p 276) In sum, while the question of the brain correlates of judging the beauty of images ... of the emotional response associated with aesthetic preference have been captured by two of the reviewed studies: the representation of reward value and the awareness of the emotional state The...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... understanding of and accommodate the target's MOAs and the trade-off of free choice and externalities The potential for success of the three sets of tools is derived from the target's assessment of the ... necessary On the individual's side of the ledger, apathy is a strong source of power The greater the value of the exchange for one side, the more power can be brought to bear by the other through ... after they are discovered, but others need the incentives of a marketing exchange or the coercion of law to be maintained When the target of critical mass consists of the entire community, the force...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 02:20

... Approaches There is no given mathematical functional form for a production function The best known of these functional forms is the so-called Cobb-Douglas production function which has the form as ... D The dth dimension position of the ith particle at the iteration τ The dth dimension velocity of the ith particle at in the iteration τ Personal best position (pbest) of the ith particle at the ... D The dth decision variable of the vector i at the iteration τ The ith decision vector at the iteration τ The ith mutation vector at the iteration τ The ith trial vector at the iteration τ The...

Ngày tải lên: 22/05/2016, 11:25

... framework Even if the test is very limited by the number of topics, it confirms the potential of the framework, with the highest KING metric combination doubling the performance of the best ROUGE ... value In the rightmost part of the figure, peers are distributed around the set of models, closely surrounding them, receiving a high JACK value A Case of Study In order to test the behaviour of our ... contrastive summary, the number of fragments of the reference summary which are also in the contrastive summary, in relation to the size of the contrastive summary DocSim: The number of documents used...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 05:20

... use of XML makes easier the selection of the paser for the task at hand Conclusion At the time of writing, we have developed all the different phases of our evaluation process except for the ... in for each sentence; giving for each relation the address of its parameters Of course, all of them are not to be filled in All the information thus annotated is then translated into an XML format ... and relations Annotation formalism The definition of the annotation formalism is the core element of the evaluation process Indeed, the formalism must have a coverage of syntactical phenomena...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... analyze the spectral biomarkers of the two groups for Task Specifically, the table presents the average and the standard deviation values of the biomarkers across the analyzed brain lobes, for the ... classification scores close to 60% The most consistent result across the different brain regions, for WT, occurred for the Theta and Alpha bands with the exception of the score over the right temporal brain ... analysis, the feature vectors for control subjects (FC) and for epileptic subjects (FE) consist of the biomarkers MB, l which are the log-transformed values of the power (univariate case) or the synchronization...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... second continuous-tone frame of the caltrain sequence number The DWE performance of the entire halftone video is given by the single number DWE, the Perceptual DWE Index The framework introduced thus ... described the form of the function in (1) We have also not described how to calculate the arguments of this function We provide these details next We now describe a particular instantiation of the framework ... sequences [10] For FDFSED algorithm, we used Z = 0.1 in (12) Table shows the values of flicker Index, F for the number of frames indicated in the table The number of frames reported in Table is for 30...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... outline of the functional-analytic method that we will present in details in Section (For a sketch of the main ideas used in the proofs of our main results, see the beginning of Section 3.) By use of ... fixed point theorems) from the wealth of operator theory, in order to assure the existence of a unique solution of the operator equation in H or H1 In the case of linear equations, we use the following ... equations of three and four variables The aim of this paper is to present the generalization of this functional-analytic method for the study of linear and nonlinear partial difference equations of p...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... selectivity [2,9] Exploiting synthetic lethal interactions to treat cancer cells is therefore very attractive insofar as it provides a concep­ tual framework for the development of drugs that will kill ... screens, are based on the downregulation of the abundance of a particular protein The biological consequences of down­ regulating a protein target need not phenocopy the effects of a small organic ... that target For example, the phenotypes of downregulating an enzyme might reflect the loss of its catalytic activity, loss of a scaffolding function, or perhaps both Moreover, the loss of catalytic...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:20

... listing the identity of the PCR primers used for the production of the amplicons, their exact coordinates on the genomes, the sizes of the probes generated and the success of the amplification Also ... in some of the expression studies AP performed many of the expression studies and the ChIP-chip analysis VL performed the ChIP-chip analysis CD participated in the design and printing of the array ... to amplicons of other viruses, only two (proviral LTR and nef) of the 11 spotted regions of the HIV-1 genome hybridized to the DNA sample The G/C content of the entire coding region of HIV is 42%...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... by the law of mass action: ratio of the concentrations of the free receptor [R] and the free ligand [L], to the concentration of the complex [RL] The concentrations of the free components are then ... easily distinguishes the products from the free reactants via the amplitude of the CCF, as compared to the weak dependence of the ACF with the mass of the complexes Assuming that there is no cross-talk ... is the viscosity of the solvent, and r is the radius of the sphere r is related to the mass of a sphere given by the product of the density ρ and volume V M = ρV = ρ πr3 (2.21) 17 Chapter Theory...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 10:36

... IL-13) These mediators can profoundly affect the permeability of the vascular endothelium, allowing the migration of circulating immune cells to migrate through the endothelium into the site of inflammation ... pathway, normally reserved for endogenous antigens DCs can be found in the upper layers of the epithelium and lamina propria of the airways These DCs are at an immature state Therefore, at steady state, ... 1.1 Overview of the immune responses involved in allergic asthma The protease activity of the allergen allows the allergen to penetrate through the epithelium Activation of PRRs on the dendritic...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 21:56

... The objective of the Platform is to catalyse voluntary action across the EU by business, civil society and the public sector Members of the Platform include the key EU-level representatives of ... maintain cardiovascular health, the recommended daily amount of exercise is at least 30 minutes for most of the days of the week There is no general agreement on the level of physical activity needed ... are grouped in Annex at the end of the document EN II II.1 Apart from the human suffering it causes, the economic consequences of the increasing incidence of obesity are of particular importance...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 13:20

... which proves the shape theorem without much of the development of [KSb] for (1.1) The precise form of the shape theorem here is as follows: Theorem Consider the model described in the abstract ... θ(ρ) and therefore on the movement of all the other particles In the present case we can take πB = πA , which has the great advantage that the path of ρ does not depend on the paths of the other ... thinks of the sites of Zd as cells which can be of two types (for instance B and A or infected and susceptible) Cells can change their type to the type of one of their neighbors SHAPE THEOREM FOR...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 06:20

... variation Some of these look to the elimination of the bacteria after they are once introduced into the milk; others to the prevention of infection in the first place Straining the milk Most of the visible, ... It is therefore evident that an exposure in the cow barn where the volatile emanations from the animals themselves and their excreta taint the air will often result in the absorption of these ... upon the character of the food The more nitrogenous rations with which animals are now fed leads to the production of softer fecal discharges which is more likely to soil the coat of the animal...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 22:20

... (2.6%) B11 How you evaluate the impact of the four elements of Action recalled below on the level of compliance, safety of products and functioning of the internal market for the product categories ... 95/16/EC of 29 June 1995 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to lifts Pressure Equipment Directive: Directive 97/23/EC of the 25 European Parliament and of the Council on the ... Alignment of modules: The existing text of the modules in the directives is aligned to the standard modules set out in Annex II of Decision 768/2008 D33.1 Are you notified for more than one of the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 03:20

... 40% in the mouse liver after days of normobaric hypoxia (10% oxygen) and returned to the basal level after 14 days of hypoxia [26] It is therefore of significance to study the regulation of HO-2 ... To address the question of whether hypoxia influences the promoter activity of the human HO-1 or HO-2 gene, we performed transient expression assays Prior to the functional analysis of the HO-2 ... orientation, and their transcription start sites are  1.5 kb apart We therefore analyzed the promoter function of the 1.5 kb 5¢-flanking region of the HO-2 gene in the present study YN-1 cells...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... (COX) In these enzymes, the redox potential of the metals is harnessed to provide the enzymes with their electron transfer capabilities Paradoxically, it is the same redox potential of the metals ... that the interaction between Ab and these metals can promote the formation of Ab oligomers, aggregates and fibrils [48,52–55] Metal mediated oligomerization of Ab may therefore contribute to the ... within the physiological ranges that could be expected within the brain The capacity for metals to facilitate this process may therefore be a critical factor in the Ab mediated pathology of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 10:20

... l-gulono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase of M tuberculosis is a specific enzyme for the biosynthesis of L-AA As far as we know, this is the first report of a specific biosynthetic enzyme for vitamin C in bacteria ... mutants of the gene could be obtained [40] The gene is well conserved within the M tuberculosis complex, except for the M bovis BCG Pasteur (1173P2) strain, which lost the gene due to the deletion of ... SDS ⁄ PAGE revealed the presence of one protein band of about 70 kDa (Fig 1, lane 2) The identity of the protein was confirmed by enterokinase treatment After digestion of the affinity-purified...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... before and sometimes after the burial of the body I also observe that many of the women of these tribes are adopting so much of the customs of the whites as prescribes the wearing of black for ... instrument, the cutting off of the hair, and oftentimes the cutting off of a joint of a finger, usually the little finger (Comanches not cut off fingers) The length of time and intensity of their mourning ... of the Grave down each End and near the Top thereof, where the other Ends lie in the Ridge-Pole, so that they are declining like the Roof of a House These being very thick plac'd, they cover them...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 13:20