... Tokyo (in Japanese) Mays P A and Edwards G S (2001) Comparison of heavy metal accumulation in a natural wetland and constructed wetlands receiving acid mine drainage, Ecological Engineering, 16, ... sum of inflow and rainfall minus evapotranspiration Because the paddy field had a hardpan (impermeable layer) under the plow layer (i.e., the topsoil) and the groundwater level was high in the ... prepared as described above were measured with an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (Vista-Pro, Varian Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer...
Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15
... of phase modulation: a) a phase shift of 180( in the carrier occurs each time a binary zero is transmitted No phase change takes place for a binary b) phase shift keying (PSK) in which a zero and ... 56 interfaces A ninth user is an additional lines and 16 interfaces This is clearly very expensive in hardware and installation 1 (a) Point-to-point topology 1(b) mesh topology Figure 1 (a) Point-to-point ... variations and combinations of these techniques which result in more than one bit per baud Baseband and broadband The principle characteristics of base-band and broadband systems are listed in Table BASEBAND...
Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 08:50
Tài liệu PLC Communications in a Process Control System docx
... of phase modulation: a) a phase shift of 180( in the carrier occurs each time a binary zero is transmitted No phase change takes place for a binary b) phase shift keying (PSK) in which a zero and ... variations and combinations of these techniques which result in more than one bit per baud Baseband and broadband The principle characteristics of base-band and broadband systems are listed in Table BASEBAND ... and termination, see Figure The message transfer will normally contain the length of data being transferred, the data itself and certain error checking information In a network system, the address...
Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 05:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Semantic Information and Derivation Rules for Robust Dialogue Act Detection in a Spoken Dialogue System" pptx
... Kashioka, and S Nakamura 200 9a Recent advances in wfst-based dialog system In Proc INTERSPEECH, pages 268–271 C Hori, K Ohtake, T Misu, H Kashioka, and S Nakamura 2009b Statistical dialog management ... this work The first type of data, called A- data, is a travel information data set harvested from the databases available on the web, e.g., Wikipedia and Google Map A- data consists of 1, 603 sentences ... of data, called Q-data, is the edited transcription of a speech data set simulating human-computer dialogues in a lab environment Qdata is intended for the system to learn to handle the various...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 05:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Automatically Transcribed Dialogs to Learn User Models in a Spoken Dialog System" doc
... future applications, such as continuous learning of a user model while the dialog system is on-line, enabling automatic adaptation References −5 Truth Manual EM Automatic −6 −7 −8 Manual EM Automatic ... automatically transcribed dialog corpora by modeling dialogs within a probabilistic framework that accounts for transcription errors in a principled way This method may lead to many interesting ... pages 273–282 B Thomson, J Schatzmann, K Welhammer, H Ye, and SJ Young 2007 Training a real-world POMDP-based dialog system In Proc NAACL-HLT Workshop Bridging the Gap: Academic and Industrial...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Paraphrasing Using Given and New Information in a Question-Answer System" docx
... Reptuentatton in Natural Language Inferenctng', to appear in IJCAI Proceedinqs 79 13 [KAMAN79] Kaplan, S J , "Cooperative Responses from a Portable Natural Larquage Data Base Query System' , ... which flatten the tree The final stage of processing in the paraphraser is translation In the translation phase, labels In the parser's representation are translated into their corresponding words ... r Academia, Prague, ~ ~ [FIRBAS R6] Firhas, Jan, "On Defining the Theme in Functional Sentence Analysis", Travaux Lin~uistigues de Prague i, Univ of Alabama P r e s ~ [FIRBAS 74] Firbas,Jan,...
Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20
Tài liệu Analysing different technology pathways for the pulp and paper industry in a European energy systems perspective doc
... Nordin et al 2007; Mao, Genco et al 2008; Marinova, MateosEspejel et al 2009; Huang, Ramaswamy et al 2010; Mora, Mahmoudkhani et al 2011), gasification of biomass (Varma, Chaouki et al 2010; Isaksson, ... traditional sensitivity analysis where the energy market parameters are varied separately, often called onefactor-at -a- time analysis Such an approach can be a suitable, simple, option for an analysis ... used as a base case; and for the case when the mill was modelled within the same system boundary as a utility, Papers I-III, a capital recovery factor of 0.1 was used as a base case15 The same capital...
Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 09:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "TRANSFER IN A MULTILINGUAL MT SYSTEM" pdf
... that, obviously, this only makes sense as long as we have representations that are tree~.The following example may clarify the idea Dotted lines indicate instantiations of the relation As a consequence, ... graag', ~ Tom graag ~ empty z w e m ~ ~ ~> or (i) s is a subtree, dominated by the nonterminal node A, and (ii) t is a tree, dominated by A' , and (iii) A' is a copy of A' , and (iv) the immediate ... then introduce a new relation, called translates-as This is a binary relation, probably many-to-many; its left-hand term is a subtree of R , and its righthand term is a tree Clearl~, TRF is a The...
Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20
Information Contagion and Inter-Bank Correlation in a Theory of Systemic Risk potx
... and Mullineaux, 1987) as the formative reason for the commercial-bank clearinghouses in the U.S., and eventually for the Federal Reserve Chari and Jagannathan (1988), Jacklin and Bhattacharya ... seventh largest bank in the U.S when it failed in 1984, as providing evidence against a significant role being played by inter-bank linkages in contagion.16 9.3 Herding Linked to Managerial Reputation ... behavior at all Managerial reputation and profit maximization can both generate herding, which as a result may be a robust economic outcome Finally, another relevant factor is the reward to managers...
Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 09:20
Pastured Poultry Raising Chickens in a Grass-Based System docx
... trailers as their place to roost • Could not be herded into the trailers easily – had to walk up narrow, steep ramp to access trailer doors • Had to be individually caught and manually placed inside ... http://www.motherearthnews.com/Real-Food/2007-1001/Tests-Reveal-Healthier-Eggs.aspx#ixzz27LvkfgLn Other Benefits of Pastured Poultry • Ethical concerns • Appealing appearance of flock to customers You’re not just marketing a product, you are marketing a way of life! Pastured ... advanced feathering – use feathering as a guide for decreasing temperature as the amount of feathering a chick has will dictate its cold-tolerance Look for signs of stress in the chicks to make sure...
Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Combining POMDPs trained with User Simulations and Rule-based Dialogue Management in a Spoken Dialogue System" docx
... mines the where au,t+1 is the true user action Rule-based Dialogue Management A rule-based dialogue manager was developed as a meaningful comparison to the trained DM, to obtain training data ... Higashinaka, M Nakano, and K Aikawa 2003 Corpus-based discourse understanding in spoken dialogue systems In ACL-03, Sapporo, Japan Visualization Tool E Levin, R Pieraccini, and W Eckert 2000 A stochastic ... online learning because data is available for querying as soon as it has been stored There is no need for separate logging mechanisms Multiple systems/applications are available on the same infrastructure...
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "METONYMY: REASSESSMENT, SURVEY OF ACCEPTABILITY, AND ITS TREATMENT IN A MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEM S" ppt
... Metonymic interpretation and associative processes in natural language In Exxon has raised its price again Washington is insensitive to the needs of the people Language and Artificial Intelligence, Makoto ... Shin-ichiro and Wakao, Takahiro (1992) Metonymy: reassessment, survey of acceptability, and its treatment in a machine translation system Locating 1.1 Container for Content Dave drank the glasses The ... that the main factors for treating metonymy correctly in a multilingual machine translation system are 1) its universality, which can be a guideline for the analysis component, 2) language dependency,...
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Dialog Control in a Natural Language System" docx
... consultation system as a real world state (instead of a mental state which is the general assumption in any dialog system) T h i s state can still be made more concrete when the domain of application ... restrictive assumptions that the acceptance of the proposal is (implicitly) anticipated, and that modifications of a want or of a proposal are not manageable In a more elaborated version, the goal accomplishment ... SYSTEM (WANT USER (KNOW USER R FUTURE) NOW) NOW) Inference drawn from a user want referring to a state, missing his/her acquaintance with the associated causal relation (pursuing a global goal)...
Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21
From the Critics’ Corner: Logic Blending, Discursive Change and Authenticity in a Cultural Production System* potx
... delegitimating radical deviations from conventions as inauthentic Hence, critics are crucial agents that help to maintain or change what is considered authentic in a particular cultural genre (DiMaggio, ... of capital accounting in commodity-producing corporations as an illustration of the kind of knowledge and process that facilitates formal rationality by enabling accurate profit calculations In ... world has entered a period of cultural declassification – the unravelling and weakening of ritual classifications critics in as disparate fields as pop music, painting, and literature bemoan aesthetic...
Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 16:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Predicting Clicks in a Vocabulary Learning System" pdf
... STAR language scores above 300 are considered to have basic ability, above 350 are proficient and above 400 are advanced Age of acquisition scores are abstract and a score of 300 means a word was ... Missing Values Many features were not available for every word in the evaluation, such as age of acquisition We could guess a value from available data, called imputation, or create separate ... Retrieval (SIGIR), 2005 Maytal Saar-Tsechansky and Foster Provost 2007 Handling Missing Values when Applying Classication Models The Journal of Machine Learning Research, 8:1625-1657 Hans Stadthagen-Gonzalez...
Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Dealing with distinguishing descriptions in a guided composition system" doc
... in putting and moving objects on a board A child has an initial stock of objects that he can put on a checker board, permute, move, or stow away He gives orders to the system using natural languages ... Gricean and Attentional Constraints", Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Montrtal, Quebec, 1995 [Rineel & al 89] Paul Rincel and Paul Sabatier, "LEADER : ... Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (Coling 92), pp 926-929, Nantes, France, 1992 [Novak 88] Hans-Joachim Novak "Generating Referring Phrases in a Dynamic...
Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20
Báo cáo y học: "5HT2A polymorphism His452Tyr in a German Caucasian systemic sclerosis population" ppt
... M, Cappiello F, Artoni A, Motta G, Scorza R: A polymorphism in the human serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor gene may protect against systemic sclerosis by reducing platelet aggregation Arthritis Res Ther ... DJ, Harnett M, MacLean M, Peacock AJ: Proliferation and signaling in fibroblasts: role of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor and transporter Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004, 170:252259 Hunzelmann N, ... were also not significantly different between patients and controls (P = 0.52, exact Fisher Freeman Halton test) CI, confidence interval; MAF, minor allele frequency; OR, odds ratio Caucasian cohort...
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22
Báo cáo y học: "5HT2A polymorphism His452Tyr in a German Caucasian systemic sclerosis population - authors’ response" docx
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22
Báo cáo y học: "Culture-negative bivalvular endocarditis with myocardial destruction in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report." ppsx
... unavailable PCR primers for a specific organism or by processing errors resulting in sample degradation There are a few limitations of our patient’s initial workup that may have masked a causative ... of the patient and wrote the initial manuscript BS participated in the care of the patient and edited the manuscript All authors participated in approving the final manuscript Competing interests ... whipplei [10] Among 115 patients without a documented infection, 2.5% had non-infective endocarditis including marantic endocarditis, collagen vascular diseases, angiosarcoma, and atrial myxoma [10]...
Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22
Báo cáo y học: " Extragonadal germ cell tumor presenting in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report" ppt
... of: Authors’ contributions All the authors contributed to the management of the patient Additionally, MS was the primary author of the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript ... report and any accompanying images A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor -in- Chief of this journal Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage ... Shahrir et al Journal of Medical Case Reports 2010, 4:97 http://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/4/1/97 Page of References Takeda S, Miyoshi S, Ohta M, Minami , Masaoka M, Matsuda H: Primary...
Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:20