713 a simple finite state machine 716

... (states) and establish which transitions are allowed from each state and what are the inputs needed to cause these transitions In this way, we can define the state transitions of a finitestate machine, ... modelled as a mixture of a maximum number N of Gaussians Each Gaussian distribution i is characterized by an estimated mixing weight ωi , a mean value, and a variance The Gaussian distributions are ... replica state (the replicated state transitions to the replica state) We not represent these replica states in the next -state function graph for clarity Introducing additional states enhances...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 07:20

... radical; malady names m[, ~,, and t~ share the SICKNESS radical; and ratlike animal names 1~, [~, and 1~ share the RAT radical Some classes are better for names than others: in our corpora, many ... 'meaning' is indicated by its so-called 'semantic radical' Hanzi that share the same 'radical', share an easily identifiable structural component: the plant names , -~ and M share the GRASS radical; ... and -~ shuol 'say' In this case, [] ri4 is also a word (e.g a common abbreviation for Japan) as are ~ wen2-zhangl 'essay', and ~, yu2 'fish', so there is (at least) one alternate analysis to be...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... each conjunct in left-to-right order (cf example (5)) (5) Hans((N ;A) (N;D)) [[kennt Maria( (A; N))] und [hilft Karla((D;N))]] Hans knows Maria and helps Karla or: Maria knows and Karla helps Hans ... sehr/3 nette/4 ADJ nette/4 Frau/5 ADJ [I a] :NPakk, [1b] :NPnom Frau/5 hat/1 aus/6 Rio/7 MRK Rio/7 hat/1 ADJ [ 1A0 ] Frau/5 ADJ [ 1A1 ] /8 TOP There are 13 grammatical roles: head, adjunct, apposition, ... Semantics under Massive Ambiguity In Proceedings of ACL'97, pages 386-393, Madrid, Spain David Elworthy, Tony Rose, Amanda Clare, and Aaron Kotcheff 2001 A natural language system for retrieval...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... '92, Nantes, France, Vol 1:156-162 Magerman, D.M and Marcus, M.P 1990 Parsing a Natural Language Using Mutual Information Statistics, In Proceedings of AAAI '90, Boston, Massachusetts Nagao, M ... of a large coverage parser for Swedish, following the cascaded finite- state approach Our main guidance towards the grammar development was the observation of how and which function words behave ... adverbs, and end with a main verb or particle A distinction is made between finite/ infinite active/passive verbal groups • Clauses, Grammar3 a n d Grammar4: the clause resolution is based on surface...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... the arcs from each state to be proportional to the expected number of traversals of each arc - the arc probabilities are normalized at each state to make the finite -state transducer Markovian However, ... finite -state transducer to enumerate and represent efficiently all the valid and invalid word forms that can be obtained by these edit operations on a word For example, the deletion of a character can ... main advantage of morphology-based models is that we have at hand the morphological analyses of the words during recognition We plan to train a language model over the morphological features and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... Data inputs Status signals Controller inputs Controller Datapath Control signals Data outputs Controller outputs Datapath  performs the computations on data Controller  indicates to the datapath ... Technology Example 1: Datapath design (1) • Each variable and constant corresponds to a register or counter • Each operator corresponds to a functional unit Algorithm : Temporary storage: input ... State B =0 Start Start=0  D-FF design State C =1 State D =1 C State F =1 State E =1 Hanoi University of Science and Technology Example 2: FSMD Design Dr Le Dung Hanoi University of Science and...

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2016, 09:24

... school volunteer to take a walk instead of taking motorbike or bicycle trips every Wednesday Walking is a fun, easy and inexpensive activity, and people of all ages and abilities can enjoy it * Comprehension ... number of participants increases every week The regular activity of the club is a km walk to the beach on Sunday morning Another activity is a walk-to-school day (or WTS day) Members living near school ... Walking For Friday F ………….2 Last year, there was a district walking competition for F teachers ………….3 The regular activity of the club is a 10 km walk to the beach on Sunday morning F ………….4 A...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2015, 08:00

... Roller-blading 3nd 4th Basketball 5th Football 6th Volleyball 7th Tennis 8th Badminton 9th Swimming 10th Take a survey in the class 7A5 What sports you like? Take a survey in the class 7A5 Sport Badminton ... Fourth Basketball Fifth Skateboarding Soccer/Football Volleyball Tennis Badminton Swimming Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth Sports Baseball Skateboarding Roller-skating Rollerblading Basketball Football ... Badminton Volleyball Soccer Swimming Jogging Table tennis Basketball Roller-skating Rollerblading Baseball Number of students Position Take a survey in the class 7A5 Sport Badminton Volleyball Soccer...

Ngày tải lên: 14/05/2015, 05:00

... 3,52 gam hổn hợp rắn A ch a b gam Fe Các phản ứng xảy hoàn toàn Giá trị a b là: A 10,88 gam 2,24 gam B 23,68 gam 1,68 gam C 13,44 gam 1,68 gam D 13,44 gam 2,24 gam Câu 16: Cho dung dịch loãng sau ... kiềm là: A Li, K, Ca B Zn, Na, Ba C Fe, K, Ba D Be, Na, Ca Câu 42: Cho Na tác dụng với 100ml dd AlCl3 thu 5,6 lít H2(đktc) kết t a Lọc kết t a đem nung đến khối lượng không đổi thu 5,1 gam chất ... FeCl3, AgNO3, NaCl, Cu(NO3)2 Số trường hợp thu kết t a sau phản ứng là: A B C D Câu 45: Cho bốn hỗn hợp, hỗn hợp gồm hai chất rắn có số mol nhau: Na2O Al2 O3; Cu FeCl3 ; BaCl2 CuSO4; Ba NaHCO3...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 23:20

... using a parallel beam-search parsing technique based on the stochastic context-free grammar (SCFG) and subcategorization probabilities Crocker and Brants (2000) used broad coverage statistical parsing ... increasing ambiguity so that other ambiguity types also can be disambiguated in a similar way via lexical category disambiguation This idea has been explored as one of the lexicalist approaches to ... parameters until additional parameters are demanded by data Equally important, the quality of architectural simplicity should be maintained Among the different sources of information manipulated...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:21

... error rate training in statistical machine translation In Proc of ACL, pages 160–167 K Papineni, S Roukos, T Ward, and W.-J Zhu 2002 BLEU: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation ... A hierarchical phrase-based translation grammar was extracted for the NIST MT03 Chinese-English translation using a suffix array rule extractor (Lopez, 2007) A non-terminal span limit of 15 was ... Ling., 29(1):135–143, Mar P F Brown, V J Della Pietra, S A Della Pietra, and R L Mercer 1993 The mathematics of statistical machine translation: parameter estimation Computational Linguistics, 19(2):263–311...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... trees at each state of the machine Pruning is done by stepping through each state of the machine and pruning as many decision nodes as possible at each state The entire training set of transductions ... more compact transducers Using Alignment Information Our first modification of OSTIA was to add the bias that, as a default, a phoneme is realized as itself, or as a similar phone Our algorithm ... complicated by the fact that the pruning operations allowed at one state depend on the status of the trees at each other state Thus it is necessary to make several passes through the states, attempting...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... chunking, as Table 9b indicates Using phrasal punctuation to constrain bracket prediction has a larger impact on cascaded parsing re- 2.5 Actual average chunk length 20 40 60 EM Iterations a) Average ... phrases – and thus non-local constituents – are flat prepositional phrases here Examples include “auf die Wiesbadener Staatsanwaelte” (on Wiesbaden’s district attorneys) and “in Hannovers Nachbarstadt” ... Graduate Studies at The University of Texas at Austin This paper benefited from discussion in the Natural Language Learning reading group at UT Austin, especially from Collin Bannard, David Beaver,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20

... Bangalore and A K Joshi 1999 Supertagging: An approach to almost parsing Computational Linguistics, 25(2) S Bangalore and G Riccardi 2000 Stochastic finite -state models for spoken language machine ... weak learner or a rule is a triple , which f Boostexter Bq (3) Although the HMM approach to tagging can easily be represented as a WFST, it has a drawback in that the use of large contexts and ... (Freund and Schapire, 1996) The basic idea of boosting is to build a highly accurate classifier by combining many “weak” or simple base learner, each one of which may only be moderately accurate A...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

... of the grammar An examples is: S ~ al S S~al S-+anS S-+anAn A~ -+ a~ X A1 -+ a2 Az A1 ~ an A1 A2 -+al A2 A2 -+ a2 X A2 ~ an A2 An -~ al An X-+e S + al S al A1 An -+ a2 A, ~ An ~ an X Here ... final automaton has n states (It records, in effect, one of three possibilities for each terminal symbol: whether it has not yet appeared, has appeared and must appear again, or has appeared and ... Wright's algorithm The algorithm also demonstrates how the general machinery of a finite- state calculus can be usefully applied as a framework for expressing and solving problems in natural language...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:20

... hda1, hda2, and hda3 are all physical volumes We'll initialize hda3 as a physical volume: root@lappy:~# pvcreate /dev/hda3 If you wanted to combine several disks, or partitions you could the same ... that we have a volume group (called skx-vol) we can actually start using it Working with logical volumes What we really want to is create logical volumes which we can mount and actually use In ... be able to see it included in the output of vgscan: root@lappy:~# vgscan Reading all physical volumes This may take a while Found volume group "skx-vol" using metadata type lvm2 Now that we have...

Ngày tải lên: 18/09/2012, 10:12

... patient All the authors read and approved the final manuscript CONSENT STATEMENT Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images ... recreate again: this relapse could promote the formation of a layer of reactive collagen in the region below the treated area We therefore believe that this technique can be utilized as a simple and ... Monocril 2-3/0 are made with a large needle and are placed close together so that a wide aversion is achieved at the margins of the scar and a deep wound closure is obtained by adhering to the...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:00

... học phần đăng ký học trước DANH SÁCH LỚP HỌC PHẦN Các môn nhận danh sách điểm danh, danh sách điểm học phần Phòng QLĐT từ sau tuần thứ Hệ liên thông: đ/c Nguyễn Thanh Bình PHÂN CÔNG NHIỆM VỤ ... Cường: phòng 1. 1A, nhà 10; ĐTNB: 5101 - Danh sách điểm danh, danh sách điểm học phần, quản lý điểm, mật khẩu: đ/c Nguyễn Thanh Bình, phòng 1.6 nhà 10 - Quản lý sinh viên: đ/c Nguyễn Thanh Bình, điện ... 207 Giải Phóng – Hai Bà Trưng – Hà Nội - Giảng đường T: Khoa Đại học chức - Viện ĐT liên tục - ĐH Bách khoa Hà Nội, số 58 Lê Thanh Nghị - Hai Bà Trưng- Hà Nội - Giảng đường C: Khoa Đại học chức...

Ngày tải lên: 01/02/2013, 12:37

... themselves char ∗strs [10]; – an array of char arrays (or strings) Pointer array example • Have an array int arr [100]; that contains some numbers • Want to have a sorted version of the array, but ... Pointer arrays • Pointer array – array of pointers – an array of pointers to int’s char ∗arr [10]; – an array of pointers to char’s int ∗arr [20]; • Pointers in array can point to arrays themselves ... Multidimensional arrays are rectangular; pointer arrays can be arbitrary shaped 13 6.087 Lecture – January 20, 2010 Review More about Pointers Pointers to Pointers Pointer Arrays Multidimensional Arrays Data...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:07

... 9.blankets 4.Đam Sen Park 10.play soccer 5.bike Picnic sites Means of transport Things to bring Games IV Homework - Write a passage about your picnic in last summer vacation - Prepare: Language ... picnic After meal we played games “What song is it?” meal… and blind man ‘s buff Late in the afternoon we went fishing We enjoyed our picnic After meal we played games “What song is it?” and blind ... out (lay - laid - laid) - blind man’s buff (n) - to catch the bus (catch - caught - caught) II Write a passage entitled A Country Picnic” beautiful day / my friends and I / go / picnic take /...

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2013, 08:47