5 direct control of pests using semiochemicals

... broadspectrum control of pest species, they appear less toxic to natural enemies of insect pests than to the pests themselves (Schmutterer, 1990; Banken and Stark, 1997) The activity of azadirachtin ... exempta, a highly damaging pest of cereal crops in Africa, azadirachtin treatment lowers food intake, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, and efficiency of conversion of digested food to body mass ... aegypti mosquitoes Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 13, 1–4, 1997 Palma, K.G., S.M Meola, and R W Meola Mode of action of pyriproxyfen and methoprene on eggs of Ctenocephalides–Felis...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 04:20

... the wind speed, the control of the buckboost converter perturbs periodically the operating point of the wind turbine By acquiring the output voltage and current of PMSG, the control used this information ... cycle The ON State is when IGBT is ON and diode is OFF The OFF State is when IGBT is OFF and diode is ON A simple linear circuit can represent each of the two states where the switches in the circuit ... duty ratio of the buckboost converter must be controlled in order to effectively take out the electric power between the operating power and the maximum power, in the event of change of the wind...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:15

... of direct torque control in permanent magnet synchronous motor drives," IEEE Trans Power Electron., vol 12, no 3, pp 528-536, May 1997 [6] Y Liu, Z Q Zhu, and D Howe, "Direct torque control of ... quick-response and highefficiency control strategies of an induction motor," IEEE Trans Ind Appl., vol 22, no 5, pp 820-827, Sep./Oct 1986 [4] M Depenbrock, "Direct self -control of inverter-fed induction ... and stator currents, respectively OrB where II DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVES USING Two-PHASE GONDUCTION MODE The key issue in the DTG of a BLDG motor drive in the constant torque region...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:44

... Conduction 2.1 Principles of the Proposed Method Title Block Indirect torque control method of BLDC motor explained in [9] was extended to a direct torque and indirect flux control technique for ... sensorless direct torque control of brushless DC motor based on back-EMF vector’ , ELECTROMOTION pp 128-138, 2009 [7] S B Ozturk and H A Toliyat, “Sensorless Direct Torque and Indirect Flux Control of ... of direct torque control in permanent magnet synchronous motor drives,” IEEE Trans Power Electron., vol 12, no 3, pp 528 536, May 1997 [4] Y Liu, Z Q Zhu, and D Howe, Direct torque control of...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:45

... SENSORLESS DTC OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE USING THREE-PHASE CONDUCTION A Principles of the Proposed Method In this study, indirect torque control method of BLDC motor explained in [29] is extended to a direct ... amplitude is OZTURK AND TOLIYAT: DIRECT TORQUE AND INDIRECT FLUX CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR TABLE I SWITCHING TABLE FOR DTC OF BLDC MOTOR USING THREE-PHASE CONDUCTION indirectly kept at its optimum ... this DTC method controls the voltage vectors directly from a simple look-up table depending on the outcome of hysteresis torque and indirect flux controllers, thus the overall control is much...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:46

... obtained in (1) C Torque Control Strategies of the Uncontrolled Phase-c For direct torque control, Fig 3(g) and (h) are not applicable due to the three-phase conduction mode instead of a desired two-phase ... difficulty of the flux control if it is used in the control scheme Using the actual –axes rotor flux linkages in (3) looks like the best solution for a good stator flux reference similar to the DTC of ... and the control of a nonsinusoidal brushless dc motor,” in Proc IEEE-IECON Annu Meeting, Orlando, FL, Nov 6-10, 1995, vol 2, pp 836–843 Y Liu, Z Q Zhu, and D Howe, Direct torque control of brushless...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:46

... separation of duties, understanding, and the decision of the responsible staff is confusing As a result, the organization’s computer network security is currently ineffective today 4.2 The Future of ... future trends of organization’s computer network security for the next years (2011-2015) by using the Delphi technique The future trend includes bringing together the opinions of experts in organization’s ... from the first round questionnaire by evaluating the trend of the questionnaire answers of each expert whether they replied in the same direction If so, the questionnaire item would be included...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... khiển nội dung tin cho card điều khiển để bật tắt thiết bị Các tín hiệu phản hồi trạng thái on/off, nhiệt độ thiết bị liên tục cập nhập Card điều khiển, gửi tới Admin Admin yêu cầu Hình Sơ đồ ... Sơ đồ mạch nguồn cho vi điều khiển Hình 6.Sơ đồ mạch giao tiếp RS232 Để phản hồi trạng thái on/off thiết bị, nghiên cứu tác gỉa sử dụng tiếp điểm đầu Rơle để tạo tín hiệu phản hồi trang thái,...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 15:20

... a wire or spin coater The thickness of the ink layer can be controlled by using different sets of shims Time histories of the MAPLE-DW event were captured using high-speed microscopy for 0.5-, ... results of quality of MAPLE-DW process Examples of these three regimes from our experiment are shown in Fig All three responses begin with the protrusion of a bubble from the surface of the ink ... [J/m2] 30000 Fig Ratio of maximum displacement to base radius as a function of laser fluence Because of the thixotropy of the ink, there will be effective plastic deformation of the bubble and it...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:53

... numerical aperture of 0.30 The obtained spot, of a diameter estimated to μm, was located inside the volume of the silica matrix and scanned laterally at a rate of mm s-1 A tight network of irradiated ... Characterization of the obtained nanocrystals was allowed by writing a tight network of PbS lines in a centimeter-sized zone near the surface or in the depth of Page of the bulk xerogel Most of the crystallites ... thickness of mm has been prepared by a sol-gel route using tetramethylorthosilicate [20] The obtained silica monolith exhibited interconnected pores of mean diameter 5.4 nm, a specific surface area of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... and moved from bottom to top of the image After a thermal drift reducing, using the STM tip, we applied voltage ‘from a reverse bias to a forward bias’ The time of applying voltage was 0.052 ... smaller than that of Fig 1(b’) This result indicated that the size of the surface structure transition can be controlled by the amount of voltage, and it needs at least 150°C Surface Structure Transition ... collapse of the dot structures were caused by the high mobility of In atoms at this temperature [11–14] Surface Structure Transition at 300°C Under As4 and In Irradiations To prevent the collapse of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... tightly controlled for reproducible position control of the quantum dots In the present work, we report on in situ control of Si and Ge growth on stripe-patterned Si (001) substrates using reflection ... analysis was done using 25 kV electrons directed parallel to the stripes along the [110] azimuth direction The intensity evolution of various diffraction spots as a function of deposited layer ... have been found to be one of the major low-energy surfaces of silicon [21, 22], meaning that the sidewall facettation leads to a lowering of the total surface energy of the system After 20 nm...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... diagnosis and control of FMD by the provision of resources and training of staff in required methods and quality assurance To provide accurate data to explain failure of vaccination to control FMDV ... Supply of consumables and further reagents for testing of samples by FMD ELISA, molecular technology and cell culture • Project meeting held at AAHL with Director of DAH, Vietnam and Director of ... diagnosis and control of FMD by the provision of resources and training of staff in required methods and quality assurance To provide accurate data to explain failure of vaccination to control FMDV...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 12:20

... proximity of ν0 152 Analysis and Control of Linear Systems Figure 5.1 Typical power spectrum of an MA (left) or AR (right) model In the case of a single denominator (nc = 0), we talk of an AR ... (1768–1830), which consists of using cisoid functions as basic vectors The Fourier transform y (f ) of a continuous-time signal y(t) is a function of the form y : f −→ y (f ) of a real variable with ... transform of the frequency cisoid f0 is an impulse centered in f0 By using the linearity of the Fourier transform, we easily obtain the Fourier transform of a real sine curve, irrespective of its...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23

... (t) = which completes the proof ♦♦♦ As an application of Lemma A.5 we present below the proof of Lemma 2.2 used extensively in Parts II and III of this text ˙ Proof of Lemma 2.2 Since V (t, x, ... the function f (˜ ) is globally positive definite q ♦ C Proofs of Some Properties of the Dynamic Model Proof of Property 4.1.3 The proof of the inequality (4.2) follows straightforward invoking ... corresponds to the inequality stated in (4.2) ♦♦♦ 408 C Proofs of Some Properties of the Dynamic Model Proof of Property 4.2.6 To carry out the proof of inequality (4.5) we start by considering (4.4)...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 01:22

... the direction of rotation of the kth joint, p korigin is the position vector of the origin of the kth local frame Note, that all variables are defined in frame {1} Further, the Jacobian of the ... computational complexity of the numerical implementation of the SVD algorithm for a 7-DOF arm may not be acceptable for real-time control, bounds for the singular values of J can be 61 3.3 Kinematic ... entries proportional to the inverse of the minimum singular value of the “normalized” Jacobian of the main task The Jacobian matrix is normalized using the concept of characteristic length [85] to...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 01:22

... the sum of the two parts: • the product of half the mass times the square of the speed of the center of mass; plus • the product of half its moment of inertia (referred to the center of mass) ... the position of the tip of the second link with respect to the base reference frame Notice that for the present case study of a 2-DOF system, the orientation of the end-effector of the arm makes ... problem of deriving the direct kinematic model of the robot consists in expressing the position and orientation (when the latter makes sense) of a reference frame fixed to the end of the last link of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 01:23

... capabilities of the subjects observed However, out of the set of all objects and subjects perceived in parallel, generally only a few are of direct relevance to their own plans of locomotion ... number of objects of relevance Which of those detected and tracked are relevant is a difficult decision Even the selected regions of special attention are of importance The objects/subjects of relevance ... 5.1.2 Fields of View, Multi-focal Vision, and Scales In dealing with real-world tasks of surveillance and motion control very often coverage of the environment with a large field of view is needed...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 02:20

... move in the opposite direction (due to the third harmonic) of the movement of the general stimulus pattern [27] Longer interstimulus intervals can reverse the direction of the OFR [27] These findings ... Neurochemistry of the Vestibular System Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 2000, pp 303–328 Ilg UJ, Hoffmann KP: Responses of neurons of the nucleus of the optic tract and the dorsal terminal nucleus of the ... Collewijn H: Directional asymmetries of human optokinetic nystagmus Exp Brain Res 1988;70:597–604 Barnes GR: Visual-vestibular interaction in the control of head and eye movement: the role of visual...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 03:20