2nucleosomenucleosome organization is required for efficient pr binding and gene regulation

... determinants governing efficient interactions between podoplanin and CLEC-2 For instance, it is at present unclear if glycosylation of podoplanin is required for binding to CLEC-2 Watson and colleagues ... DC-SIGN and CLEC-2 differ profoundly in their mechanisms of ligand binding and in their ligand specificities The discovery of Suzuki-Inoue and colleagues [53] that podoplanin, a cellular mucin expressed ... induced expression of CLEC-2, and a control Fc protein did not bind to the CLEC-2 expressing cells (Fig 2C and data not shown) Thus, 293T cells, which we and many others frequently use for production...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... the virion sense-strand and initiates DNA synthesis from the 5¢-terminus As DNA synthesis progresses, the virion sense-strand is displaced and eventually is recircularized and religated by Rep ... the presence of RepA, but not in the presence of a RepA RBR -binding deficient mutant, indicating that this viral sequence motif is a binding site for E2F and is activated by RepA It was therefore ... p35SRep, which expresses both Rep and RepA gene products, was used in this study However, placing Rep and RepA each independently under 35S promoter control resulted in a decrease of gene expression...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

... these properties, and 152 S.-i Yamada et al (Eur J Biochem 270) therefore, it is still ambiguous whether the regions, especially the region responsible for dimer formation and that for client binding, ... charged region is truly indispensable for client binding or simply present adjacent to the client -binding site with the result of being affinity-labeled with the client peptide This issue is now under ... ampicillin and 25 lgÆmL)1 kanamycin in the presence of 0.5 mM isopropyl thio-b-D-galactoside [31] Suppression assay for heat-induced aggregation of CS Heat-induced aggregation of CS and its suppression...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:22

... Representation of binding specificity and the prediction of binding affinity Pi = [ X] K d,X,i + [X] where Kd,X,i is the predicted equilibrium dissociation constant for X binding to window i and ... publishedbyNdt80pand Fkh1p binding [5] sets, andgeneschromatin ments immunoprecipitationCLB2microarray frommatrixpublished in [38].andRap1pregulated regulatedSum1p thatpublished Ndt80p This matrixCLB2derivedNdt80bindingframes ... [37] for (a) Ndt80p and (b) Sum1p binding specificity (c) Values for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) quantify how well predicted Ndt80 binding distinguishes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:22

... antibodies to SEP53 and the human SEP53 gene was cloned into a bacterial and insect cell-expression system for the purification and acquisition of full-length protein for immunization, and to develop ... stress proteins Nevertheless, the SEP53 protein is in fact expressed in normal human squamous epithelium and this prompted us to continue studying the gene to define a possible molecular function for ... OE33 and OE19 cells (Fig 3E) and is consistent with data published recently in a different oeopshageal cancer cell line [25] DCA-mediated apoptosis is mediated by a PKC-dependent pathway and is...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:21

... Gag-Pro, and Gag-ProPol gene products Approximately half of all HIV-1 mRNA remains unspliced; the remainder of the mRNA is either incompletely spliced, encoding the Env, Vpu, Vif, and Vpr gene products, ... mutants is the inability to accumulate sufficient quantities of unspliced viral mRNA and therefore express appropriate levels of Gag and Gag-Pro-Pol Furthermore, since the transient Gag-Pro-Pol expression ... decreased Gag expression is the primary defect in virion production in the 3'ss A1 and A2 splicing mutants First, expression of a Gag-Pro-Pol expression plasmid increased virus production in cells...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... 7SS pre-rRNA This pre-rRNA is subsequently processed exonucleolytically to generate the mature 5.8SS rRNA A fraction of the 27SA2 pre-rRNA is processed at the 5¢-end by a different mechanism and, ... unpublished This study This study [44] This study [45] This study [28] [28] This study although by this time the levels of the protein are very low (Fig 2D) The fusion Protein A–Nop53p is functional, ... late processing reactions responsible for the formation of the mature 5.8S rRNA, indicates that this novel protein is important for proper exosome function During the final preparation of this article...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... differentiation process is a cascade of events leading to major changes in gene expression Reduced global protein synthesis is a consequence of upstream events, as inhibition of protein synthesis per ... 269) 2813 Fig The bicistronic transcription units used The bicistronic transcription unit expressing Renilla and Firefly luciferase reporter genes as the first and second cistrons, respectively, ... conditions for 48 h prior to measurements of Renilla and firefly luciferase enzymatic activities Tables and show the effects of the transfected gene products on the absolute levels of the translation products...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... reorganization processes, resulting in loss of control of transcriptional programs This difference in developmental regulation may also apply to the mechanisms of promiscuous gene expression and ... serum and 0.06% l-glutamine Hygromycin-resistant MEFs were prepared from mice generously provided by Y Iwakura (IMSUT, Japan) Proliferation assay, apoptosis assay, and AP staining For the proliferation ... transition and promote rapid proliferation Nat Genet 40, 1478–1483 Lillevali K, Kulla A & Ord T (2001) Comparative expression analysis of the genes encoding polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... biogenesis is very scarce Using mutants compromised for SRP, Sec or YidC functioning, we found that the SRP is required for optimal targeting of MscL but the Sec translocon is not needed for ... thank Zhong Yu and Edwin van Bloois for helpful discussions, and Sergei Sukharev (Department of Biology, University of Maryland, MD, USA) for providing MscL plasmids and strains O.P is supported ... Mycobacterium tuberculosis MscL homologue, this position is expected to be exposed and relatively distant from the membrane, and should therefore be accessible to externally Fig Schematic representation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 02:20

... induces activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity, and that the AP-1 site in the minimal essential promoter of the IL8 gene is required for the maximum FasL-induced expression of a luciferase gene under the ... various proinflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro [22], by converting inactive precursors of cytokines such as pro-IL-1b and pro-IL-18 into their active forms [18,23], or by enhancing the expression ... this promoter However, it remains to be answered whether AP-1 activation is required for the actual IL-8 production in response to FasL stimulation, and how FasL induces AP-1 activity In this...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 09:20

... membranes and probed for co-immunoprecipitated RPTPa and total Src Lysates were probed for the amount of RPTPa and for pTyr789 (B) A fraction of the cell lysates used for Src immunoprecipitation was processed ... activity of the RPTPa D2 domain is required for Src binding and activation It is well known that the membrane distal domains of RPTPs are involved in protein–protein interactions [16–18,20,28] ... here, for the first time, that a functional, catalytically active D2 is required for RPTPa to bind to its substrate, Src, and to dephosphorylate and activate it Active RPTPa-D2 is required for Src...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 10:20

... We wish to thank Ingrid Duschanek and Elli Gerick for excellent technical assistance, and Steen Malmmose for assistance with growing plants The Danish National Research Foundation, the Danish ... antenna size is unaffected by the elimination of PSI-J and furthermore ruling out the possibility that PSI-J is strictly required for binding of any of the Lhca antenna proteins The presence of ... (CHLRE) and Porphyra purpurea (PORPU)] and cyanobacteria [Synechcoccus elongatus (SYNEL) and Prochlorococcus marinus (PROMA)] Amino-acid residues involved in Chl binding [W (Trp), E (Glu) and H (His)]...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This study This ... essential for interaction with Vta1p In addition, we show that one of these motifs is required for a homotypic interaction and for formation of a highly active ATPase complex, but is not required for ... mutagenesis using the oligonucleotides listed in Table In each case, two separate PCRs were set up with either Vps4 SalI F primer and a mutagenic reverse primer or a mutagenic forward primer and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

... homogeneity, yield and appropriate folding of expressed proteins was by native PAGE on an 8% gel under reducing conditions, as described previously [35] Yields of expressed protein were similar for ... Tyr605 and Tyr612 Previous work has suggested that the flexible loop region of TOP is responsible for this enzyme’s positioning of substrates for catalysis [15] The present results clarify the primary ... USA) Mutagenesis and protein expression Kinetic assays Site-directed mutagenesis of rat EP24.15 was performed on the expression vector pGEX-24.15 as a template [34] Oligonucleotide primers were...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... finger proteins required for leg morphogenesis and ecdysone-regulated gene expression during Drosophila metamorphosis Development 125, 1733–1745 Brand AH & Perrimon N (1993) Targeted gene expression ... was performed at least three times, and representative spreads are shown For immunostaining of whole salivary glands, dissected glands were fixed in 4% formaldehyde ⁄ 0.15% Triton X-100 for 20 ... that this is important for Jmj function, probably acting as a repression domain djmj e03131 is a loss of function allele of djmj The djmj gene localizes in the 67B9-10 cytological region and is composed...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... (NaCl/Pi) and grown in complete medium for 36 h before analyses of cell motility, immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting Cell lysates were prepared with lysis ... using EAGLESIGHT software v3.2 (Stratagene) for data analysis, as described previously [25] Statistical analysis Results are expressed as means ± SE and an analysis was carried out by one-way Student’s ... total protein) with specific antibodies for h at °C Protein–antibody complexes were collected with protein A-Sepharose beads for h at °C The precipitates were washed three times with ice-cold lysis...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... the presence of and 10 lgÆmL)1 a-amanitin (B) Transcription from the Sc pombe adh promoter (lane and 2) and the Ad-MLP promoter (lanes and 4) was compared in the reconstituted assay (complete) and ... vols Ó FEBS 2004 dialysis buffer, and centrifuged to eliminate any precipitated material The TFIIFa (250 lg) and TFIIFb (250 lg) preparations were mixed and incubated for h at °C The mixture ... TFIIEa and TFIIEb were mixed and purified by the same procedure as described for TFIIF Sc pombe TBP was a gift from D Reinberg (Department of Biochemistry, HHMI-UMDNJ, Piscataway, NJ, USA) Purified proteins...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 14:20

... cultures Data are presented as mean ± standard error of mean (n = 6) For statistical analysis a one-way ANOVA with the TukeyKramer test was performed using GraphPad Prism version 3.00 for Windows (GraphPad ... J, Tremblay MJ, Flamand L: Activation of monocyte cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression by human herpesvirus Role for cyclic AMP-responsive element -binding protein and activator protein-1 J Biol Chem ... human T-lymphotropic virus type and prostaglandins: implications for viral transmission J Virol 2001, 75(1):192-198 Dumais N, Barbeau B, Olivier M, Tremblay MJ: Prostaglandin E2 Up-regulates HIV-1...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... the hypothesis that there is a requirement for the processing threshold of the core protein precursors to be achieved before morphogenesis can proceed Taken together, the data we have presented ... Traktman for the vTetR virus strain and for helpful discussions, Tove' Bolken and Dr Marika Hedengren-Olcott for helpful discussions, and Dr Michael Nesson for the electron microscopy analysis This ... the I7L proteinase is blocked, viral morphogenesis arrests prior to core condensation If the activity of G1L proteinase is blocked, viral morphogenesis arrests at a stage subsequent to this but...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20