224 chapter xxix—bronchoscopy in diseases of the trachea and bronchi
Tài liệu Live Red in support of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Manitoba pdf
... lesser of 10% of the value of the gift and $75, then the value of the advantage is considered to be zero For example, if the price to attend the benefit dinner is $200 and the value of the dinner ... evening of dinner and dancing in support of HSFM Benefit dinners are great for rewarding employees and for promoting their work in the community To save costs, try to organize the dinner within ... leads in eliminating heart disease and stroke and reducing their impact through the advancement of research and its application, the promotion of healthy living and advocacy Since HSFM’s inception...
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Tài liệu Infectious Diseases of the Head and Neck pptx
... begins in the gut of the sandfly, but the organism completes its life cycle in the host following the fly bite The sandfly inoculates the host with the organisms in the promastigote stage Once the ... mass at the angle of the jaw The masses gradually increase in size and number and form sinuses that open onto the face and neck Although infection is often seen in the jaw area, Actinomyces infections ... weapon There are major forms of infection with the organism: cutaneous, inhalation, and gastrointestinal.93 The details of these forms of anthrax will not be discussed with the exception of gastrointestinal...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Functional polymorphisms in genes of the Angiotensin and Serotonin systems and risk of hypertrophic " ppt
... exclude the existence of cardiac diseases All the patients and controls were Caucasians from the Northern Spain regions of Asturias and Cantabria, and gave their informed consent to participate in the ... two main haplotype blocks have been identified, one defined by markers in the promoter region and the other by SNPs rs5182 and rs5186 in the 3' region [37,38] A resequencing of the AT1R in patients ... L: Involvement of the serotonin 5-HT2B receptor in cardiac hypertrophy linked to sympathetic stimulation: control of interleukin6, interleukin-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 1 pdf
... individuals, the body and tail of the pancreas drain via the duct of Santorini (pancreas divisum) to the minor papilla In this instance, only the ventral aspect of the pancreas drains through the duct of ... Elsevier.) The venous drainage is through the cystic vein, which drains into the portal vein There are also some small veins that drain directly into the liver to the hepatic veins The lymphatic drainage ... prostaglandins [93] Another study suggested that the inhibitory effect of indomethacin is related to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis [94], and it was effective in relieving pain in patients with...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 2 potx
... gallbladder carcinoma is indirect and based on relative ages of patients with these lesions and the presence of dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma in gallbladders with invasive carcinoma Another study ... diffuse or in the form of small polyps In autopsy studies, the prevalence of cholesterolosis is to 20% The disorder is more common with increasing age and in women The cause of the accumulation of cholesterol ... define the extent of local invasion, thus affecting surgical treatment Common findings include diffuse nodular thickening of the gallbladder wall, a mass in the gallbladder fossa, and invasion of the...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 3 pdf
... multifocal disease Involvement of the main trunk of the portal vein Involvement of both branches of the portal vein or bilateral involvement of the hepatic artery and portal vein Vascular involvement ... dilatation of the bile duct without clear pathology Release of bile into the duodenum is not continuous but regulated by the activity of the sphincter of Oddi, a ring of smooth muscle at the level of the ... position The role of this mutation in the genesis of cholangiocarcinoma is uncertain Other mutations that have been described in pancreatic and biliary cancers include the p53 mutation and loss of integrity...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 4 pot
... catheter lies within the biliary tree and intestine and traverses the obstruction Bile can drain externally into a bag or internally into the bowel or both An internal drain is more often referred ... releases the tamponade effect of the drainage catheter on the injured vessel and usually discloses the bleeding site When an abnormal site is seen, the catheter is advanced into the artery and coils ... advanced from the aorta into the injured intercostal artery Coils are deposited on each side of the injury to avoid continued bleeding from both the aortic and internal mammary supplies to the intercostal...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 5 potx
... anesthesia [35,36] There are two different ways to position the patient in the operating room: the supine position with the surgeon standing on the left and the assisting surgeon holding the ... the anterior surface of the duct rather than to the end of the duct The latter is accomplished by incising the anterior wall of the common hepatic duct, sometimes carrying the incision onto the ... in some cases of classical injuries The deceptive flaring appearance is caused by the separation of the cystic and common hepatic ducts or the side of the common hepatic duct and the side of the...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 6 pptx
... to 72 hours from the onset of symptoms With the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the beginning of the 1990s the question of timing arose again At the beginning of the decade, acute ... identified in all of the in situ carcinomas and in 19% of the invasive carcinomas There was a distinct correlation between the size of the lesion and malignant change, with all benign adenomas measuring ... pronucleating factor [14] Mucin secretion is stimulated by prostaglandins Aspirin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, both significantly inhibits mucus secretion and reduces the incidence of experimentally...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 7 pdf
... stones that formed in the intrahe- patic system and these can migrate into the CBD [2] These intrahepatic stones are often black in color, containing calcium bilirubinate and a relatively high ... exception of ciprofloxacin, the bile obtained from over 90% of the patients at the time of endoscopic drainage contained no detectable level of antibiotic despite i.v infusion of the medication The ... with thickening of the bile duct wall and extension of the cystic abnormalities into the left lobe of the liver Evidence for sludge and concrements is found in the dilated intra- and extrahepatic...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 8 pptx
... experimentally induced colitis in animal models [64,65] Further investigation to delineate the role of these peptides in the etiology of PSC is required The major criticism of the theories of colonic toxins ... involvement of the main portal vein or the hepatic artery, involvement of the hepatic artery or the portal vein in both hemilivers, involvement of the main hepatic duct on one side and the main hepatic ... leading to permanent discontinuation of penicillamine, was noted in 21% of patients, thereby discouraging any further use of this agent in PSC [69] Enthusiasm for the use of UDCA stems from the theory...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 9 potx
... terminal ends: A/B – contains the N terminal ligand independent transcription activator domain (AF1), C – the DNA binding domain, D – a shared domain and hinge region, and E – the ligand-binding ... result of the failure of the appropriate physiologic response in the sphincter to secrete cholecystokinin and secretin, the pressure in the bile and pancreatic duct rises and produces pain In response ... transecting low inserting ducts If the cyst extends up into the right and left hepatic ducts, the anastomosis can be performed at the level of the confluence of the ducts, or in rare instances to the...
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Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts - part 10 ppsx
... autoimmune hepatitis The evidence includes the increasing number of children who have features of both diseases, the similar autoantibody profile in the two diseases, and the high incidence of patients ... azathioprine, and, rarely, pentoxyfilline The use of steroids in children has been limited because of the known deleterious effects on growth and the lack of proven efficacy in altering the course of the ... fraction of 20% b stones in the common bile duct that move up and down the duct after the administration of cholecystokinin c a fusiform dilatation of the bile duct on ultrasound examination of the...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 1 potx
... capillarization of the sinusoid [17] Kupffer cells These are highly mobile macrophages attached to the endothelial lining of the sinusoid, particularly in the peri-portal area They stain with peroxidase They ... rapidly introduced perpendicularly to the skin into the liver substance and extracted This is the quick part of the procedure The tip of the needle is now placed on sterile paper and some of the ... blood and the plasma within the space of Disse They have a dynamic cytoskeleton [6] This maintains and regulates their size, which can be changed by many in uences including alcohol, nicotine,...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 2 pot
... breakdown of proteins, amino acids, purines and pyrimidines About half of the ammonia arising from the intestine is synthesized by bacteria, the remainder coming from dietary protein and glutamine There ... has binding sites for benzodiazepines and barbiturates (fig 7.9) The binding of any of these ligands opens a chloride channel and after the in ux of chloride there is hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic ... Selection of the method used will depend to an extent on the availability and cost The clinician plays a major role in maintaining the quality of the report by specifying clearly the clinical problem...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 3 potx
... enter the portal vein in the porta hepatis beyond the block They include the veins at the hilum, venae comitantes of the portal vein and hepatic arteries, veins in the suspensory ligaments of the ... azygos minor veins of the caval system Deviation of blood into these channels leads to varicosities in the submucous layer of the lower end of the oesophagus and fundus of the stomach (b) At the ... junction area and continue in large These are largely supplied by the short gastric veins and drain into the deep intrinsic veins of the oesophagus They are particularly prominent in patients with...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 4 docx
... (aquaporins) in the apical and basolateral membrane of the cholangiocyte Secretin triggers the insertion of aquaporin into the apical membrane of the cholangiocyte and this facilitates transport of ... Cholestyramine This resin will stop itching in 45 days in patients with partial biliary obstruction It is known to bind bile salts in the intestines so eliminating them in the faeces but until the pathogenesis ... ltration of water from the hepatocyte and along the paracellular pathway The secretory process depends upon the presence of one set of carrier proteins in the basolateral membrane and another in the...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 5 pot
... from the mother to the neonate The infection is usually not via the umbilical vein, but from the mother at the time of birth and during close contact afterwards The chance of transmission increases ... from 0.1 to 0.2% in Britain, the USA and Scandinavia, to more than 3% in Greece and southern Italy and even up to 10–15% in Africa and the Far East If anti-HBs is measured, the rate of exposure to ... transmission in medical settings Intravenous drug use remains the main mode of transmission; but this route of transmission is diminishing due to a heightened awareness of the risk of needle sharing and, ...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 6 pps
... acid binding protein increases and this accounts for some of the total rise in cytosolic protein Water is retained in proportion to the protein and the resultant hepatocyte swelling is the major ... reflecting the absence of a reliable marker of fibrosis — including hyaluronan, TIMP-1 [42], integrin-b1, YKL-40 [35] and MMP-2 [55] Urinary desmosine and hydroxylysylpyridinoline, markers of elastin ... transaminase levels A needle liver biopsy, after informed consent, is particularly helpful in establishing the relation between a drug and liver injury and in determining the type of injury The...
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Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 8 ppt
... During this stage, the Leptospira can be found in the urine, and rising antibody titres demonstrated in the serum The third or convalescent stage starts at the beginning of the third week Clinical ... Itching follows the entry of the cercariae through the skin This is followed by a stage of fever, urticaria and eosinophilia Finally, the third stage of deposition of ova results in intestinal, ... sheds 500 ova into the bowel The infected faeces of the dog contaminate grass and farmland, and the contained ova are ingested by sheep, pigs, camels or man The ova adhere to the coats of dogs, so...
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