2 mechanisms of brain injury in cardiac surgery

... assess brain injuries close to the clinical conditions ranging from focal to diffuse brain injuries 1.1.3.2 Fluid percussion injury (FPI) models FPI models produce brain injury by rapidly injecting ... mechanical injury on the brain tissue A primary injury can incur focal and/or diffuse damage to the brain Examples of focal injuries are epidural, subdural or intracerebral hematomas and brain contusions, ... on the severity of injury, the induced brain injury results in hemorrhages, neuronal cell death, astrogliosis, diffuse axonal injury and cytotoxic brain edema (Cernak, 2005a; Ding et al., 2009;...

Ngày tải lên: 02/10/2015, 17:15

... organisms in cardiac surgery Our findings, suggest that treatment of daptomycinsusceptible DSWI with a daptomycin-containing antibiotic regimen is safe, effective in immediately promoting local ... patients, type II in six, type IIIa in one, type IIIb in seven, in type IVa in two, and type V in the remaining four The patients underwent initial surgical revision, at which time a choice of the most ... treatment of Staphylococcus aureus induced of DSWI very often involves the systemic administration of vancomycin However, the use of this agent has been associated with suboptimal outcomes and can increase...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... development of ARDS in our study Actually, Honiden and colleagues determined that clinical and experimental data indicate that diabetes is protective against the development of ARDS [29] Independent of ... activation of the renin angiotensin system, and impairs GM-CSF signaling [19] The occurrence of ARDS is more frequently reported after those requiring multiple transfusions of fresh frozen plasma in ... Preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis with cefazolin was administered routinely After induction of anesthesia, a left or right double-tube lumen was introduced into the trachea, and their correct placements...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... randomized clinical trial, effect of PTX on reducing the inflammatory effect following CPB surgery in 60 patients was studied by administrating either IV infusion of PTX during surgery or normal saline ... evaluating renal function The effect of PTX in reducing renal injury by measuring sCr and a-1-microglobulin was investigated in one study and a beneficial role of PTX on prevention of kidney injury ... al.: Effect of pentoxifylline on preventing acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery by measuring urinary neutrophil gelatinase - associated lipocalin Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 2011...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:23

... Ascending aorta and aortic arch surgery 60 2.1 Combined ascending aorta & valve surgery 116 4.1 Combined ascending aorta & coronary surgery 0.2 Cardiac transplantation 24 0.9 Congenital, cardiac ... often poor [15,16] Our study in cardiac surgery patients, confirmed the poor calibration of SAPS II and its discrimination was worse than that of SOFA and CASUS SAPS III [17] was introduced in ... http://www.cardiothoracicsurgery.org/content/6/1/21 Page of Figure Day 1-6: Areas under the ROC-curves of CASUS, SOFA, APACHE II and SAPS II quite convincing evidence of the ability to maintain good discrimination across different...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:23

... Prognosis of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Part I: Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury [http://www2.braintrauma.org/guidelines/ downloadbtf_guidelines_management.pdf?BrainTrauma_Session ... notice Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Cerebral Perfusion Pressure [http:// www2.braintrauma.org/guidelines/downloads/ btf_guidelines_cpp_u1.pdf?BrainTrauma_Session=bc277e4c42 ... update of the Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (copyrighted by the Brain Trauma Foundation) recommends that "CPP should be maintained...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:20

... Body mass index (kg/m2) 30 27 2.8 Urine volume during CPB (ml) 30 391 185 Urine volume during surgery (ml) 30 1,030 324 Duration of anaesthesia (minutes) 30 312 56 Duration of surgery (minutes) ... postoperative setting in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, we found the use of the PAC with fast determination of the CO by thermodilution and high precision within one set of measurement was ... the best alternative of CO determination The main practical advantage of COWave measurement in this setting is that it is a quick and easy way of determining CO The algorithm of the CO monitor automatically...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... mortality in cardiac surgery in European cardiosurgical centres The impact of inotropes is increasingly studied outside of cardiac surgery, highlighting the urgent necessity for cardiac surgery ... withdrawal of CBP after weaning time >30 minutes Intravenous inotropes and/or IABP are necessary to maintain SBP >80 mmHg and/or CI >1.8 L/minute/m2 without clinical improvement The high incidence of ... instability Increasing doses of intravenous inotropes and/or IABP necessary to maintain SBP >80 mmHg and/or CI >1.8 L/minute/m2 Progressive deterioration, worsening acidosis and increasing lactate...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 19:20

... high incidence of cerebral embolism, inflammatory response, brain swelling and elevated levels of biomarkers of brain injury explains the potential of CABG surgeries for the development of POCD ... The signalling throughout the cell during anesthetic preconditioning include protein kinase C (PKC), protein tirozin kinase (PTK), mitogenactivated protein kinases (MAPK), protein kinase-B, mitochodria ... protocols in cardiac surgery are investigated and analized in terms of their effect on postoperative mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction following cardiac surgery, postoperative cardiac...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20

... new interdependencies created by the combination of different elements and it is rooted in a change in the capacity of seeing and perceiving relationships more than in an increased capacity in ... a process of making connections among different problem domains (e.g combining alternatives generated in the domain of fund-raising with alternatives generated in the domain of design) This process ... an invaluable source of data The archive is longitudinally extensive, covering the entire lifespan of the project, from early 1998 to present The type of files contained in the archive (including...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 11:20

... the FDA for this indication, their mechanisms of action are the first to inhibit the binding of plasmin to fibrin occupying the binding sites of lysine of the proenzyme plasminogen and the second ... Topics in Cardiac Surgery Commonly used catecholamines such as dopamine, dobutamine, isoproterenol, epinephrine, norepinephrine and inotropic catecholamines not milrinone and levosimendan, being ... norepinephrine infusion in line and this study was carried out monitoring of renal function with infusion of norepinephrine in postsurgical hypotension TAM

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... understanding of the dynamic system to obtain an interpretation of the biochemical nature of the activating and inhibiting modes In essence, we this by mapping the measured phase and amplitude data of ... Annotations of the major components (B) Interpretation of the data discussed in the text In this panel, the phases of ATP and G6P have been ipped 180, indicating the relative phases of the minima of their ... the inhibiting mode is high energy charge The activating and inhibiting feedback can be explained by the same reasoning as given for the interpretation in panels B and E; the 2651 Mechanisms of...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 16:20

... Neuroserpin was used as a continuous variable since there was a linearity of the odds ratios for outcome The influence of neuroserpin decrease at 24 h on serum levels of molecular markers of brain injury ... defined as neuroserpin decrease All determinations were carried out in a laboratory blind to the clinical outcome and neuroimaging findings Endpoints The primary endpoint was the decrease of ... focused on those molecular markers of brain injury which were positively associated with a decrease in neuroserpin levels

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... immune response present in MT-I/II-/- mice occurs in later stages of brain injury The significant findings of increased T cell infiltrate into the injury site, increased levels of IL-2, prolonged ... of T cells infiltrating the injury site in wild type and MT-I/II -/- mice Analysis of the numbers of leukocytes in circulation in the days following brain injury was also conducted to determine ... distribution of neurons in different layers of the cortex [32] Natale et al [1] also used counts of remaining neurons to measure neuron death in brain injury but their method of brain injury allowed...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... Neuroserpin was used as a continuous variable since there was a linearity of the odds ratios for outcome The influence of neuroserpin decrease at 24 h on serum levels of molecular markers of brain injury ... defined as neuroserpin decrease All determinations were carried out in a laboratory blind to the clinical outcome and neuroimaging findings Endpoints The primary endpoint was the decrease of ... focused on those molecular markers of brain injury which were positively associated with a decrease in neuroserpin levels

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... to increased salinity stress; with both a reduction in the total number of seeds germinating and a delay in the initiation of the germination process Seeds of many species, including Atriplex halimus ... development, one of the most sensitive periods in the life cycle of halophytes, to ensure survival of the developing seedlings [83] NaCl priming in melon seedlings grown in saline conditions increases ... rather than in vitro may occur due to increase in substrate concentration, and increase or decrease in levels of enzymes involved in intermediate metabolism The ability of halophytes to grow in highly...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... immunization by injecting 20 μg of CII in the left ears and vehicle in the right ears Bars in Figure 3d represent the percentages of swelling in the CII-challenged ears, normalized to the swelling of the ... of ELR+ CXC chemokines in RA synoviocytes, especially in the presence of TNF-α, highlighting its role in neutrophil recruitment into the joint [49] Furthermore, IL-17 induces the production of ... contributing to this protective effect of IFN-γ in CIA are inhibition of the CFA-induced myelopoiesis and osteoclastogenesis, inhibition of the production of GCP2 and thus neutrophil infiltration,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... domain gain in animals and there are also indications of the importance of adjacent gene joining [11] and NAHR [43] in the formation of chimeric genes in the Drosophila lineage Terminal gains of ... domain has lost the introns present in the original sequence and the pre-SET domain has an intron containing repeat elements in a position not present in the original domain, suggesting it was inserted ... position of the domain insertion and the number of exons gained in the set of high-confidence domain gains and the set of medium-confidence domain gains (a) The distribution of characteristics of domains...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:22