2 exercise and exercise tolerance in adult patients with congenital heart disease

... for adults with congenital heart disease requiring ventricular pacing is that those patients in whom pacing was initiated in childhood, such as congenital atrioventricular block or following ... access to the inferior vena cava have been reported in patients with complex congenital heart disease and no access to the heart from above These include transhepatic cannulation [19] and an extra-peritoneal ... inserted and positioned (Figure 2.4) On occasion, the cephalic vein may break during lead insertion If the two leads cause a very tight fit in the vein, it may, as a consequence, invaginate the vein into...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... and design in patients with congenital heart disease During his pediatric cardiology training in the late 1970s, cardiac electrophysiology and pacemaker application technologies in children with ... attaining adulthood and will continue to require individuals with expertise in congenital heart anatomy and physiology Associated with this new field of study, Dr Karpawich has worked closely with ... Acquisitions: Gina Almond Development: Beckie Brand Set in 10/13 Palatino by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed and bound in Singapore by COS Printers Pte Ltd For further information...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... pacing leads are preferable in patients with adult congenital heart disease requiring permanent cardiac pacing [62] C H APTER Consider steerable stylets or catheters An adult patient with congenital ... Medtronic Inc.) can be passed (Figures 7.5, 7.6) Such a pacing system has application in adults with congenital heart disease such as Ebstein’s anomaly or in patients, following the Mustard and Fontan ... encountered in adults with congenital heart disease is the problem of having to insert new transvenous leads in a patient who already has old implanted hardware A decision must be made as to the risks and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... result in marked difficulties in trying to achieve left ventricular pacing The incidence of this abnormality draining into the coronary sinus is about 3–5% of patients with structurally abnormal hearts ... coronary sinus cannulation is considered in adults with congenital heart disease, it should be remembered that the venous drainage of the heart into the right atrium may not be normal In particular, ... abnormal hearts [74] In turn depending on the presence or absence of a bridging brachiocephalic or innominate vein, and certain repaired congenital heart defects, the coronary sinus may be absent...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... therapy In two recently published multi-center reports of children and young adults with congenital heart disease receiving biventricular pacing for myocardial dysfunction, including patients with congenital ... syndromes, with or without atrioventricular block [139–142] This, together with intensive beta blockade was often successful in preventing ventricular ectopic activity and hence, torsade de pointes In ... planning a family The stress of pregnancy may result in symptomatic acute hemodynamic deterioration during the second and third trimester and following delivery This may occur in about 40% of patients...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... cava draining into the coronary sinus Failure of left superior cardinal vein regression, typically associated with absence of innominate vein development, allows for venous drainage into the ... most common congenital defects occurring in adults with a familial incidence well known to cardiologists Within this group are patients who have added electrical abnormalities including prolonged ... persisting post natal An incidence of 27% in otherwise normal hearts has been reported with the incidence falling with advancing age, but still as high as 20% in the elderly [148] Atrial septal defects...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... smaller than normal and is usually incompetent [190,191] Cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances occur in 20–25% of patients with Ebstein’s anomaly [192, 193], and commonly involve preexcitation ... 19.6 Ebstein’s anomaly (cardiac vein) Resting 12-lead ECG demonstrating dual chamber pacing The ventricular lead lies in the middle or a low lateral cardiac vein There is atrial sensing and ventricular ... 19.7 Ebstein’s anomaly (cardiac vein) Chest radiographs, postero-anterior (PA) and left lateral (L Lat), showing dual chamber pacing in a patient with Ebstein’s anomaly (same patient as in Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... present in 82% and a left superior vena cava draining to the coronary sinus in 11% of patients [236] Physiologically-related congenital heart conditions include double outlet right ventricle and ... well known since the 1950s that surgery for congenital heart disease and in particular ventricular septal defects may acutely result in atrioventricular block requiring temporary and occasionally ... implants due to interference from ventricular patch material are demonstrated with an in ow tract attachment in Figure 21.3 and a high outflow tract attachment in Figure 21.4 Patients with repaired...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... visible With an incidence of approximately 1% of live births and ever-improving surgical and device technologies, congenital heart patients will continue to survive to adulthood in increasing numbers ... therapies Concluding remarks As children born with congenital heart disease continue to age, physicians caring for adults will be exposed to this increasing population of patients At the time ... (univentricular heart) Resting 12-lead ECG from the same patient in Figure 23.4, demonstrating dual chamber pacing There is both sensing and pacing in the atrium Ventricular pacing demonstrates...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... syndromes, 49 congenital cardiac abnormalities, 5, 40 congenital heart disease adult patients with, classification, 45 congenital heart surgery, open thoracotomy associated with, coronary sinus in, possible ... ventricular pacing from, 39 cardiovascular anatomy, of adult with congenital heart disease, 3–5 catheters, 24–28, see also steerable stylets cellular remodeling, 18 cephalic vein breakage during insertion, ... al Transvenous ventricular pacing options in Ebstein’s anomaly Indian Heart J 1998; 50: 565–568 201 Andersen C, Oxhøj H, Justensen P Pacing in a patient with Ebstein’s anomaly PACE 1989; 12: 1586–1588...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:20

... for disease activity of Behçet’s disease, proposed by the Behçet’s Disease Research Committee of Japan [25] At time of sampling, disease was active in 15 patients and inactive in 10 All patients ... populations of patients and/ or stages of disease progression in those studies [33] Indeed, Vγ9/Vδ2 cells from patients with active Behçet’s disease, but not from inactive patients or control individuals, ... we examined the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 receptors on Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells before and after inducing their expansion Materials and methods Patients Twenty-five patients with Behçet’s disease...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... and design; LHL, GLQ and WXB participated in the acquisition of data; WZY and ZWB participated in analysis and interpretation of data; YW and TJ drafted the manuscript; HYS, YHZ and LX revising ... HLA-matched sibling transplantation with BM and CD34(+)-purified PBSCs in adult patients with high-risk severe aplastic anemia to overcome graft rejection without an increase in GVHD Bone Marrow ... doi:10.1186/1756-8722-3-51 Cite this article as: Zi-Min et al.: HLA-matched sibling transplantation with G-CSF mobilized PBSCs and BM decreases GVHD in adult patients with severe aplastic anemia Journal of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 22:21

... lines The following cell lines were used: BL3.1 (infected with BLV, a bovine lymphoma cell line, [30]), MJ [G11] (infected with HTLV-I, derived from a human cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, [31]) and ... further increased to 10-3 – 10-4 (while retaining specificity) by lowering the annealing temperature to 60°C and increasing the number of PCR cycles but at the expense of a stronger 657 bp sideband ... cell lines Deltaretrovirus PCR tested in serial dilutions of cell lines Cell line DNA was diluted in genomic DNA from healthy individuals A: cell line Mo T (HTLV-II-infected), B: cell line MJ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... concentrations in the CSF and saliva of MS patients were further analyzed by subgrouping them into those with enhancing lesions vs those without enhancing lesions on brain MRI, with the understanding that ... of sHLA-I and/ or sHLA-II levels as a reflection of disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) Clinical and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disease activity in MS is associated with fluctuations ... sHLA-I, and an increase in CSF sHLA-I, but not CSF sHLA-II concentrations, in patients with MS [12,13] However, an elevation of CSF sHLA II and I as well as an increase in serum sHLAI, but not in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... province of China Mandarin is spoken Due to the pictorial nature of Chinese writing, both Cantonese and Mandarin-speaking Chinese would be able to read the Chinese version of the HADS In Europe, ... screening and case detection utility and accuracy [16] The present study was designed to examine the underlying factor structure of the Chinese version of the HADS in a mainland Mandarin-speaking ... were males In terms of the clinical data, over two thirds of subjects were angina The finding of high proportions of Chinese CHD patients screening positive with anxiety and depression using the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... domain, imputing that value for missing items in that domain, rounding imputed values to the nearest integer, and then recalculating the SF-6D We performed parametric and non-parametric testing ... differences in median values, scoring range and sensitivity to change after intervention and the low agreement show that the EQ-5D and SF6D yield incomparable scores Even within a group of patients with ... further point of interest may be the difference in methodology applied in deriving a utility score, which could imply that utilities with different "meaning" are obtained, thus resulting in confusion...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... clinical measures in combination in a single model to predict the EQ-5D index In this case, disease severity was taken into account using a single variable, and more implicitly from the point of view ... interest centres on mapping the EQ-5D index in another disease area, disease specific measures for the disease in question may also be important The mapping exercise was initially performed with ... described in Tables and There were 1106 records in the estimation data with non-missing covariates in the final model The variables in the base model - age, sex and disease stage proxy - only explained...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 16:20

... consistent with the risk trends reported in the individual studies This pattern included a clear increase in risks of lung cancer and lymphoma, both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin, and a potential decrease in ... breast cancer) in patients with RA in the recent published literature In particular, this review focused on observational studies comparing the incidence of malignancy in patients with RA versus ... malignancies in patients with RA compared with patients without the disease Possible mechanisms for an increased risk of lymphoma in RA patients include the fact that RA results in persistent immunologic...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... followed 238 patients with RA of less than years in duration longitudinally with comprehensive assessments of clinical and radiographic data at baseline and after and 10 years [15] The patients had ... assuming them to be missing at random without removing the individual from the dataset We investigated the change in NTproBNP levels over time and examined associations between measures of inflammation, ... Benjamin EJ, Sawyer DB, Levy D, Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Framingham Heart Study: Inflammatory markers and risk of heart failure in elderly subjects without prior myocardial infarction: the Framingham...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... vasopressor support, or undergoing supraventricular arrhythmias Patients with head injuries requiring intracranial pressure monitoring, with unstable spinal injuries, and with rib fractures were also ... 10 during CLR During P&PD, all patients showed a rise in VO2 and VCO2 associated with the procedure In each case, the increase in VO2 and VCO2 during manual P&PD was greater than that during P&PD ... activity and increased sympathetic output contribute to the increase in VO2 seen during P&PD Interestingly, our patients tolerated turning and percussion by the bed better than manual turning and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20